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Postmodern Status of New Social Movements: A Research on Yellow Vests

Year 2019, Issue: 56, 1 - 29, 27.06.2019

Abstract

Technological, cultural, political and economic developments with social change have transformed the form of social relations and brought new structures and conceptualizations. In this study, postmodern movements, which have been changed by technological innovations, are examined specific to Yellow Vests. Organizational forms, structures, agendas and horizontal communication of social movements that transform by the new communication technologies are studied. The study focused on the conversion of social movements by asserting the postmodern aspects of the Yellow Vests, which started in France and globalized in a short time via new technologies. In this context, to compose a general perspective on Yellow Vests, the news in the media is examined. Moreover, by the content analysis with Orange3, the tweets of “@_Gilets_Jaunes_” are assessed so as to understand the agenda and how Yellow Vests shapes the movement by the new communication technologies. Emotions and the general subjects of tweets are examined. This study aims to demonstrate how the movement emerged from traditional to postmodern with a descriptive approach by focusing on prominent themes and the organizational form of the Yellow Vests. According to the findings, it is possible to indicate that the Yellow Vests used new communication utilities to mobilize the movement as well as to convey their demands.. 

References

  • Almost 100 injured during french fuel protests. (2018, December 1). Irish Times. Retrieved from https://www. irishtimes.com/news/world/europe/almost-100-injured-during-french-fuel-protests-1.3717291
  • Altı soruda sarı yelekliler hareketi. (2018, December 25). Evrensel, Retrieved from https://www.evrensel.net/ haber/366788/6-soruda-sari-yelekliler-hareketi
  • Biolab. (2018, Aralık 11). Orange3 text mining documentation. Retrieved from https://media.readthedocs.org/ pdf/orange3-text/latest/orange3-text.pdf
  • Buechler, S. M. (1995). New social movement theories. The Sociological Quarterly, 36(3), 441-464. Retrieved from http://docshare04.docshare.tips/files/29857/298572643.pdf
  • Calhoun, C. (1993). New social movements of the early nineteenth century. Social Science History, 17(3), 385-427. Retrieved from http://publish.uwo.ca/~jnewman/Calhoun%20on%20NSM.pdf
  • Castells, M. (2008). Kimliğin gücü (E. Kılıç, Trans.) İstanbul, Turkey: İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Castells, M. (2013). Ağ toplumunun yükselişi (E. Kılıç, Trans.) İstanbul, Turkey: İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Çayır, K. ( 1999 ). Yeni sosyal hareketler. İstanbul, Turkey: Kaknüs Yayınları. Çetinkaya, D. (2015). 2008 sonrası isyanlar üzerine. In D. Çetinkaya (Ed.), Toplumsal hareketler tarih, teori ve deneyim (pp. 9-18). İstanbul, Turkey: İletişim Yayınları.
  • Çetinkaya, D. (2015). Tarih ve kuram arasında toplumsal hareketler. In D. Çetinkaya (Ed.), Toplumsal hareketler tarih, teori ve deneyim (pp. 25-74). İstanbul, Turkey: İletişim Yayınları.
  • Demšar, J., Zupan, B., Leban, G., & Curk, T. (2004, September). Orange: From experimental machine learning to interactive data mining. In european conference on principles of data mining and knowledge discovery (pp. 537-539). Berlin, Germany: Springer.
  • Demšar, J., & Zupan, B. (2013). Orange: Data mining fruitful and fun-a historical perspective. Informatica, 37(1), 55-60.
  • Dianara, A. (2018, December 30). We’re with the rebels. Retrieved from https://jacobinmag.com/2018/11/yellowvests-france-gilets-jaunes-fuel-macron
  • Diani, M. (2015). Social movements, networks and. The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology. http://dx.doi. org/10.1002/9781405165518.wbeoss162.pub2
  • Egypt bans sale of yellow vests in fear of gilets jaunes copycat protests. (2018, Aralık 11). The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/dec/11/egypt-bans-sale-of-gilets-jaunes-yellow-vests-infear-copycat-protests
  • Fransa’da sarı yelekliler anlatıyor: Neden sokaklara çıktılar? (2018, December 11). BBC Türkçe. Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-dunya-46523578
  • Fuchs, C. (2014). Sosyal medya eleştirel bir giriş. (D.Saraçoğlu & İ. Kalaycı, Trans.) Ankara, Turkey: Notabene Yayınları.
  • Garrett, R. K. (2006). Protest in an information society: A review of literature on social movements and new ıcts. Information, Communication & Society, 9(2), 202-224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13691180600630773
  • Givetash, L. (2018, Aralık 5). France’s yellow jacket inspire protesters in Iraq. Retrieved from https://www.nbcnews. com/news/world/france-s-yellow-jackets-inspire-protesters-iraq-n943996
  • Henley, J. (2018, Aralık 21). How hi-vis yellow vest became symbol of protest beyond france. Retrieved from https:// www.theguardian.com/world/2018/dec/21/how-hi-vis-yellow-vest-became-symbol-of-protest-beyondfrance-gilets-jaunes
  • Hira, İ. (2016). Yeni toplumsal hareketler politik öncelikten kimlik vurgusuna. Bilgi Ekonomisi ve Yönetimi Dergisi, XI(1), 143-156. Retrieved from http://www.beykon.org/dergi/2016/SPRING/2016XI.I.12.I.Hira.pdf
  • Hundreds arrested as police clash with yellow vest protesters in paris. (2018, Aralık 1). France 24. Retrieved from https://www.france24.com/en/20181201-french-police-deployed-amid-new-round-protests-over-taxes
  • Jenkins, R. (2008). Social identity. Oxon, UK: Routledge.
  • Johnston, H., Larana, E., & Gusfrield , J. (1999). Kimlikler, şikayetler ve yeni sosyal hareketler. In K. Çayır (Ed.), Yeni sosyal hareketler (pp. 131-158). İstanbul, Turkey: Kaknüs Yayınları.
  • Kitschelt, H. (1993). Social movements, political parties, and democratic theory. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 528, 13-29. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/1047788
  • Kranjc, J., Podpečan, V., & Lavrač, N. (2013, October). Real-time data analysis in ClowdFlows. In 2013 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (pp. 15-22). IEEE.
  • Makhlouf, H. H. (2016). The Labor Movements In The United States And The United Kingdom. Review of Social Sciences, 1(4), 21-26.
  • Melluci, A. (1999). Çağdaş hareketlerin sembolik meydan okuması. In K. Çayır (Ed.), Yeni sosyal hareketler (pp. 81108). İstanbul, Turkey: Kaknüs Yayınları.
  • Midgley, C. (1993). Anti-slavery and feminism in nineteenth-century Britain. Gender & History, 5(3), 343-362.
  • Naik, A., & Samant, L. (2016). Correlation review of classification algorithm using data mining tool: WEKA, Rapidminer, Tanagra, Orange and Knime. Procedia Computer Science, 85, 662-668.
  • Offe, C. (1999). Yeni sosyal hareketler: Kurumsal politikanın sınırlarının zorlanması. In K. Çayır (Ed.), Yeni sosyal hareketler (pp. 53-80). İstanbul, Turkey: Kaknüs Yayınları.
  • Özen, H. (2013). Toplumsal hareketlerin siyasal rolü: Rasyonalist yaklaşımların eleştirel bir değerlendirmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 68(3), 37-61. Retrieved from http://dergiler.ankara.edu.tr/ dergiler/42/1812/19139.pdf
  • Pichardo, N. A. (1997). New social movements: A critical review. Annual Review of Sociology, 23, 411-430. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/2952558
  • Polletta , F., & Jasper , M. (2001). Collective identity and social movements. Annual Review of Sociology, 27, 283305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.27.1.283 Sanlı, L. (2005). Politik kültür ve toplumsal hareketler. İstanbul, Turkey: Alan Yayıncılık.
  • Şener , G., & Öğün Emre, P. (2015). Sokak ile sibermekan arasında direniş ağlarını örmek: Gezi parkı eylemleri. In Y. İnceoğlu, & B. Çoban (Eds.), İnternet ve sokak (pp. 208-223). İstanbul, Turkey: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Tapiero, E. (2018, December 19). Protests over spiraling french fuel prices leave 1 dead, dozens injured. Retrieved from https://edition.cnn.com/2018/11/17/europe/macron-france-fuel-protests-intl/
  • Taştekin, F. (2018, December 1). Sarı yelekliler: Fransız baharı mı faşizmin ayak sesleri mi?. Retrieved from https:// www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-dunya-46405041
  • Telek, A. (2018, December 6). Öfkeliler: Sarı yelekliler yeni bir sınıf hareketi mi?. Retrieved from https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/forum/2018/12/06/ofkelilersari-yelekliler-yeni-bir-sinif-hareketi-mi/
  • Tilly, C. (2008). Toplumsal Hareketler (O. Düz, Trans.). İstanbul, Turkey: Babil Yayınları.
  • Tilly, C. (2015). Toplumsal hareketler 21. yüzyıla giriyor. In D. Çetinkaya (Ed.), Toplumsal hareketler tarih, teori ve deneyim (pp. 153-198). İstanbul, Turkey: İletişim Yayınları.
  • Touraine, A. (1999). Toplumdan toplumsal harekete. In K. Çayır (Ed.), Yeni sosyal hareketler (pp. 35-52). İstanbul, Turkey: Kaknüs Yayınları.
  • Tufekci, Z., & Wilson, C. (2012). Social media and the decision to participate in political protest: Observations from tahrir square. Journal of Communication, 62(2), 363-379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2012.01629.x
  • Uzunoğlu, S. (2015). Hegemonya içerisinde direniş: Anonimlerin yükselişi. In Y. İnceoğlu, & S. Çoban (Eds.), İnternet ve sokak (pp. 79-92). İstanbul, Turkey: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Willsher, K. (2018a, December 4). Gilets jaunes protesters threaten to bring france to a standstill. The Guardian. Retrieved from theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/16/gilet-jaunes-yellow-jackets-protesters-france-standstill
  • Willsher, K. (2018b, December 16). Gilets jaunes protests in france to continue despite fuel tax u-turn. The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/dec/04/french-government-tosuspend-fuel-tax-increase-say-reports
  • Yaylacı, F. G. (2014). Toplumsal hareketler ve kuramsal yaklaşımlar. In B. Kartal & B. Kümbetoğlu (Eds.), Yeni toplumsal hareketler (pp. 32-59). Eskişehir, Turkey: Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Yaylacı, F. G. (2014). Yeni toplumsal hareketler. In B. Kartal, & B. Kümbetoğlu (Eds.), Yeni toplumsal hareketler (pp. 60-83). Eskişehir, Turkey: Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Yellow vests: Is the movement spreading across europe? (2018, December 14). BBC News. Retrieved from https:// www.bbc.com/news/av/world-europe-46559203/yellow-vests-is-the-movement-spreading-across-europe
  • Yellow vests movement. (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_vests_movement

Postmodern Status of New Social Movements: A Research on Yellow Vests

Year 2019, Issue: 56, 1 - 29, 27.06.2019

Abstract

Technological, cultural, political and economic developments with social change have transformed the form of social relations and brought new structures and conceptualizations. In this study, postmodern movements, which have been changed by technological innovations, are examined specific to Yellow Vests. Organizational forms, structures, agendas and horizontal communication of social movements that transform by the new communication technologies are studied. The study focused on the conversion of social movements by asserting the postmodern aspects of the Yellow Vests, which started in France and globalized in a short time via new technologies. In this context, to compose a general perspective on Yellow Vests, the news in the media is examined. Moreover, by the content analysis with Orange3, the tweets of “@_Gilets_Jaunes_” are assessed so as to understand the agenda and how Yellow Vests shapes the movement by the new communication technologies. Emotions and the general subjects of tweets are examined. This study aims to demonstrate how the movement emerged from traditional to postmodern with a descriptive approach by focusing on prominent themes and the organizational form of the Yellow Vests. According to the findings, it is possible to indicate that the Yellow Vests used new communication utilities to mobilize the movement as well as to convey their demands.

References

  • Almost 100 injured during french fuel protests. (2018, December 1). Irish Times. Retrieved from https://www. irishtimes.com/news/world/europe/almost-100-injured-during-french-fuel-protests-1.3717291
  • Altı soruda sarı yelekliler hareketi. (2018, December 25). Evrensel, Retrieved from https://www.evrensel.net/ haber/366788/6-soruda-sari-yelekliler-hareketi
  • Biolab. (2018, Aralık 11). Orange3 text mining documentation. Retrieved from https://media.readthedocs.org/ pdf/orange3-text/latest/orange3-text.pdf
  • Buechler, S. M. (1995). New social movement theories. The Sociological Quarterly, 36(3), 441-464. Retrieved from http://docshare04.docshare.tips/files/29857/298572643.pdf
  • Calhoun, C. (1993). New social movements of the early nineteenth century. Social Science History, 17(3), 385-427. Retrieved from http://publish.uwo.ca/~jnewman/Calhoun%20on%20NSM.pdf
  • Castells, M. (2008). Kimliğin gücü (E. Kılıç, Trans.) İstanbul, Turkey: İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Castells, M. (2013). Ağ toplumunun yükselişi (E. Kılıç, Trans.) İstanbul, Turkey: İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Çayır, K. ( 1999 ). Yeni sosyal hareketler. İstanbul, Turkey: Kaknüs Yayınları. Çetinkaya, D. (2015). 2008 sonrası isyanlar üzerine. In D. Çetinkaya (Ed.), Toplumsal hareketler tarih, teori ve deneyim (pp. 9-18). İstanbul, Turkey: İletişim Yayınları.
  • Çetinkaya, D. (2015). Tarih ve kuram arasında toplumsal hareketler. In D. Çetinkaya (Ed.), Toplumsal hareketler tarih, teori ve deneyim (pp. 25-74). İstanbul, Turkey: İletişim Yayınları.
  • Demšar, J., Zupan, B., Leban, G., & Curk, T. (2004, September). Orange: From experimental machine learning to interactive data mining. In european conference on principles of data mining and knowledge discovery (pp. 537-539). Berlin, Germany: Springer.
  • Demšar, J., & Zupan, B. (2013). Orange: Data mining fruitful and fun-a historical perspective. Informatica, 37(1), 55-60.
  • Dianara, A. (2018, December 30). We’re with the rebels. Retrieved from https://jacobinmag.com/2018/11/yellowvests-france-gilets-jaunes-fuel-macron
  • Diani, M. (2015). Social movements, networks and. The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology. http://dx.doi. org/10.1002/9781405165518.wbeoss162.pub2
  • Egypt bans sale of yellow vests in fear of gilets jaunes copycat protests. (2018, Aralık 11). The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/dec/11/egypt-bans-sale-of-gilets-jaunes-yellow-vests-infear-copycat-protests
  • Fransa’da sarı yelekliler anlatıyor: Neden sokaklara çıktılar? (2018, December 11). BBC Türkçe. Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-dunya-46523578
  • Fuchs, C. (2014). Sosyal medya eleştirel bir giriş. (D.Saraçoğlu & İ. Kalaycı, Trans.) Ankara, Turkey: Notabene Yayınları.
  • Garrett, R. K. (2006). Protest in an information society: A review of literature on social movements and new ıcts. Information, Communication & Society, 9(2), 202-224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13691180600630773
  • Givetash, L. (2018, Aralık 5). France’s yellow jacket inspire protesters in Iraq. Retrieved from https://www.nbcnews. com/news/world/france-s-yellow-jackets-inspire-protesters-iraq-n943996
  • Henley, J. (2018, Aralık 21). How hi-vis yellow vest became symbol of protest beyond france. Retrieved from https:// www.theguardian.com/world/2018/dec/21/how-hi-vis-yellow-vest-became-symbol-of-protest-beyondfrance-gilets-jaunes
  • Hira, İ. (2016). Yeni toplumsal hareketler politik öncelikten kimlik vurgusuna. Bilgi Ekonomisi ve Yönetimi Dergisi, XI(1), 143-156. Retrieved from http://www.beykon.org/dergi/2016/SPRING/2016XI.I.12.I.Hira.pdf
  • Hundreds arrested as police clash with yellow vest protesters in paris. (2018, Aralık 1). France 24. Retrieved from https://www.france24.com/en/20181201-french-police-deployed-amid-new-round-protests-over-taxes
  • Jenkins, R. (2008). Social identity. Oxon, UK: Routledge.
  • Johnston, H., Larana, E., & Gusfrield , J. (1999). Kimlikler, şikayetler ve yeni sosyal hareketler. In K. Çayır (Ed.), Yeni sosyal hareketler (pp. 131-158). İstanbul, Turkey: Kaknüs Yayınları.
  • Kitschelt, H. (1993). Social movements, political parties, and democratic theory. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 528, 13-29. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/1047788
  • Kranjc, J., Podpečan, V., & Lavrač, N. (2013, October). Real-time data analysis in ClowdFlows. In 2013 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (pp. 15-22). IEEE.
  • Makhlouf, H. H. (2016). The Labor Movements In The United States And The United Kingdom. Review of Social Sciences, 1(4), 21-26.
  • Melluci, A. (1999). Çağdaş hareketlerin sembolik meydan okuması. In K. Çayır (Ed.), Yeni sosyal hareketler (pp. 81108). İstanbul, Turkey: Kaknüs Yayınları.
  • Midgley, C. (1993). Anti-slavery and feminism in nineteenth-century Britain. Gender & History, 5(3), 343-362.
  • Naik, A., & Samant, L. (2016). Correlation review of classification algorithm using data mining tool: WEKA, Rapidminer, Tanagra, Orange and Knime. Procedia Computer Science, 85, 662-668.
  • Offe, C. (1999). Yeni sosyal hareketler: Kurumsal politikanın sınırlarının zorlanması. In K. Çayır (Ed.), Yeni sosyal hareketler (pp. 53-80). İstanbul, Turkey: Kaknüs Yayınları.
  • Özen, H. (2013). Toplumsal hareketlerin siyasal rolü: Rasyonalist yaklaşımların eleştirel bir değerlendirmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 68(3), 37-61. Retrieved from http://dergiler.ankara.edu.tr/ dergiler/42/1812/19139.pdf
  • Pichardo, N. A. (1997). New social movements: A critical review. Annual Review of Sociology, 23, 411-430. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/2952558
  • Polletta , F., & Jasper , M. (2001). Collective identity and social movements. Annual Review of Sociology, 27, 283305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.27.1.283 Sanlı, L. (2005). Politik kültür ve toplumsal hareketler. İstanbul, Turkey: Alan Yayıncılık.
  • Şener , G., & Öğün Emre, P. (2015). Sokak ile sibermekan arasında direniş ağlarını örmek: Gezi parkı eylemleri. In Y. İnceoğlu, & B. Çoban (Eds.), İnternet ve sokak (pp. 208-223). İstanbul, Turkey: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Tapiero, E. (2018, December 19). Protests over spiraling french fuel prices leave 1 dead, dozens injured. Retrieved from https://edition.cnn.com/2018/11/17/europe/macron-france-fuel-protests-intl/
  • Taştekin, F. (2018, December 1). Sarı yelekliler: Fransız baharı mı faşizmin ayak sesleri mi?. Retrieved from https:// www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-dunya-46405041
  • Telek, A. (2018, December 6). Öfkeliler: Sarı yelekliler yeni bir sınıf hareketi mi?. Retrieved from https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/forum/2018/12/06/ofkelilersari-yelekliler-yeni-bir-sinif-hareketi-mi/
  • Tilly, C. (2008). Toplumsal Hareketler (O. Düz, Trans.). İstanbul, Turkey: Babil Yayınları.
  • Tilly, C. (2015). Toplumsal hareketler 21. yüzyıla giriyor. In D. Çetinkaya (Ed.), Toplumsal hareketler tarih, teori ve deneyim (pp. 153-198). İstanbul, Turkey: İletişim Yayınları.
  • Touraine, A. (1999). Toplumdan toplumsal harekete. In K. Çayır (Ed.), Yeni sosyal hareketler (pp. 35-52). İstanbul, Turkey: Kaknüs Yayınları.
  • Tufekci, Z., & Wilson, C. (2012). Social media and the decision to participate in political protest: Observations from tahrir square. Journal of Communication, 62(2), 363-379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2012.01629.x
  • Uzunoğlu, S. (2015). Hegemonya içerisinde direniş: Anonimlerin yükselişi. In Y. İnceoğlu, & S. Çoban (Eds.), İnternet ve sokak (pp. 79-92). İstanbul, Turkey: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Willsher, K. (2018a, December 4). Gilets jaunes protesters threaten to bring france to a standstill. The Guardian. Retrieved from theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/16/gilet-jaunes-yellow-jackets-protesters-france-standstill
  • Willsher, K. (2018b, December 16). Gilets jaunes protests in france to continue despite fuel tax u-turn. The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/dec/04/french-government-tosuspend-fuel-tax-increase-say-reports
  • Yaylacı, F. G. (2014). Toplumsal hareketler ve kuramsal yaklaşımlar. In B. Kartal & B. Kümbetoğlu (Eds.), Yeni toplumsal hareketler (pp. 32-59). Eskişehir, Turkey: Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Yaylacı, F. G. (2014). Yeni toplumsal hareketler. In B. Kartal, & B. Kümbetoğlu (Eds.), Yeni toplumsal hareketler (pp. 60-83). Eskişehir, Turkey: Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Yellow vests: Is the movement spreading across europe? (2018, December 14). BBC News. Retrieved from https:// www.bbc.com/news/av/world-europe-46559203/yellow-vests-is-the-movement-spreading-across-europe
  • Yellow vests movement. (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_vests_movement
There are 48 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Nil Çokluk Cömert 0000-0002-2919-4000

Publication Date June 27, 2019
Submission Date February 2, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Issue: 56

Cite

APA Çokluk Cömert, N. (2019). Postmodern Status of New Social Movements: A Research on Yellow Vests. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences(56), 1-29.
AMA Çokluk Cömert N. Postmodern Status of New Social Movements: A Research on Yellow Vests. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences. June 2019;(56):1-29.
Chicago Çokluk Cömert, Nil. “Postmodern Status of New Social Movements: A Research on Yellow Vests”. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences, no. 56 (June 2019): 1-29.
EndNote Çokluk Cömert N (June 1, 2019) Postmodern Status of New Social Movements: A Research on Yellow Vests. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences 56 1–29.
IEEE N. Çokluk Cömert, “Postmodern Status of New Social Movements: A Research on Yellow Vests”, Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences, no. 56, pp. 1–29, June 2019.
ISNAD Çokluk Cömert, Nil. “Postmodern Status of New Social Movements: A Research on Yellow Vests”. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences 56 (June 2019), 1-29.
JAMA Çokluk Cömert N. Postmodern Status of New Social Movements: A Research on Yellow Vests. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences. 2019;:1–29.
MLA Çokluk Cömert, Nil. “Postmodern Status of New Social Movements: A Research on Yellow Vests”. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences, no. 56, 2019, pp. 1-29.
Vancouver Çokluk Cömert N. Postmodern Status of New Social Movements: A Research on Yellow Vests. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences. 2019(56):1-29.