RELATION BETWEEN DEMOCRACY AND MAINSTREAM FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY: DILEMMA OR COHERENCE?
Abstract
In this study past and ongoing ontological dilemmas between concepts of democracy and mainstream values were studied based on the ideas of political philosophers who have detected dilemmas between those values and democracy. Effects of mainstream values on intelectual minorities and on democracy were studied referring to thinkers like Plato and John Stuart Mill. The ways those values are designed and have been made widespread are analyzed with reference to Louis Althusser and Alain Badiou. The reason why democracy has constituted a paradox with those widespread values throughout the history, was explained by a concept called “artifical center” taking its essence from Rousseau. As conclusion, the questions why and on what points today’s global representative democracy and neoliberal mainstream profile contradict with the essence of Democracy was answered in harmony with the ideas of contemporary philosophers such as Wendy Brown and Jacques Ranciere.
References
- Althusser, Louis, İdeoloji ve Devletin İdeolojik Aygıtları, İthaki Yayınları, İstanbul, 2006.
- Balibar, Etienne, “Is a Philosophy of Human Civic Rights Possible? New Reflections on Equaliberty”, The South Atlantic Quarterly, 103:2, s. 311-322, 2004.
- Badiou, Alain, Etre et Evenement, Editions du Seuil, Paris, 1988.
- Badiou, Alain, Logiques des Mondes, Editions du Seuil, Paris, 2006.
- Badiou, Alain, The Century, Polity Press, Cambridge, 2007.
- Badiou, Alain, Kristine Ross, Daniel Bensaid, Wendy Brown, Giorgio Agamben, Jean Luc Nancy, Jacques Ranciere, ve Slavoj Zizek , Democracy in What State, Columbia University Press, New York. 2011.
- Eroğlu, Hülya Özçağlar, “Foucault’nun İktidarları”, Amme İdaresi Dergisi, Cilt 49, Sayı 2, Haziran, 2016, s. 39-54, 2016.
- Evcan, Sinan, La Politique à Travers Lautreamont: L’eners d’une raison instictuelle, Harmattan, Paris, 2009.
- Foucault, Michel, Biyopolitikanın Doğuşu, İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, İstanbul, 2015.
- Hegel,G.W.F, Lectures on Natural Right and Political Science: The First Philosophy of Right, University of California Press, Berkeley, 1995.
- Hegel,G.W.F, Elements of the Philosophy of Right, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1991.
- Held, David, Models of Democracy, Polity Press, Cambridge, 2006.
- Hobbes, Thomas, Leviathan, Printed for Andrew Crooke at the Green Dragon in St Pauls Church Yard, 1651.
- Herman, Edgar ve Chomsky, Noam, Manufacturing Consent. The Political Economy of the Mass Media, Pantheon Books, New York, 1988.
- Lafontaine, Jean de, The Complete Fables of Jean Lafontaine, University of İllinois Press, İllinois, 2007.
- Lippmann, Walter, Le Fantome du public, Demopolis, Paris, 2008.
- Machiavelli, Nicholo, Prens, Can Yayınları, İstanbul, 2012.
- Mill, John Stuart, The Collected Works of John Stuart Mill, Volume XIX - Essays on Politics and Society Part II, ed. John M. Robson, Introduction by Alexander Brady, Universityof Toronto Press, Toronto, 1977. Mill, John Stuart, On Liberty, Yale University Press, Yale, 2003.
- Mouffe, Chantal (Ed.), Democratic Citizenship and the Political Community in Community at Loose Ends, edited by the Miamy Theory Collective, University of Minnesota Press, Mineapolis, 1991.
- Nietzsche, Freidrich, Human, All Too Human, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2005.
- Nietzsche, Freidrich, The Genealogy of the Morals, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2006.
- Platon, Devlet, Bordo Siyah Yayınevi, 2005.
- Ranciere, Jacques, La Haine de la Democratie, Editions La fabrique, Paris, 2005.
- Rousseau, Jean Jacques, Discourse on the Origins of Inequality (1751), Translated by G.D.H.Cole. Printed in Academic Journal End of Nature, Spring, 2002.
- Rousseau, Jean Jacques, ToplumsalSözleşme, Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları, İstanbul, 2006.
- Şenel, Alaeddin, SiyasalDüşüncelerTarihi, Bilim ve SanatYayınları, Ankara, 2013.
- Yılmaz, Bayram, “John Stuart Mill’in Demokrasi Anlayışı Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme”, KTÜ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, Sayı 7, s. 57-68, 2014.
- Zizek, Slavoj, The Ticklish Subject: The Absent center of Political Ideology, Verso, London, 2000.
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, demokrasi ve ana akım değerler arasında çelişkiler oluşabildiğini tespit eden felsefecilerin düşünceleri temel alınarak geçmişten günümüze demokrasinin özü ile bu değerler arasında ne tarz ontolojik çelişkilerin ortaya çıktğı araştırlmıştır. Bu amaçla ana akım değerlerin, düşünsel azınlıklar ve demokrasi üzerindeki etkileri geçmişten günümüze Platon ve John Stuart Mill gibi siyasal düşünürler ışığında incelenmiş, ana akım değerlerin yönetimler tarafından nasıl kurgulanıp yaygınlaştırıldıkları Louis Althusser ve Alain Badiou’nun tespitleri eşliğinde etüt edilmiştir. Demokrasinin, yaygınlaştırılan değerlerle tarihin birçok aşamasında tezat oluşturmasının nedenleri özünü Rousseau’cu düşünüşten alan “yapay merkez” kavramıyla açıklanmıştır. Sonuçta günümüzün küresel temsili demokrasisinin ve neoliberal ana akım profilinin hangi noktalarda ve neden demokrasinin özü ile çelişkiye düştükleri Wendy Brown ve Jacques Ranciere gibi günümüz filozoflarının tespitlerinden hareketle anlatılmıştır
References
- Althusser, Louis, İdeoloji ve Devletin İdeolojik Aygıtları, İthaki Yayınları, İstanbul, 2006.
- Balibar, Etienne, “Is a Philosophy of Human Civic Rights Possible? New Reflections on Equaliberty”, The South Atlantic Quarterly, 103:2, s. 311-322, 2004.
- Badiou, Alain, Etre et Evenement, Editions du Seuil, Paris, 1988.
- Badiou, Alain, Logiques des Mondes, Editions du Seuil, Paris, 2006.
- Badiou, Alain, The Century, Polity Press, Cambridge, 2007.
- Badiou, Alain, Kristine Ross, Daniel Bensaid, Wendy Brown, Giorgio Agamben, Jean Luc Nancy, Jacques Ranciere, ve Slavoj Zizek , Democracy in What State, Columbia University Press, New York. 2011.
- Eroğlu, Hülya Özçağlar, “Foucault’nun İktidarları”, Amme İdaresi Dergisi, Cilt 49, Sayı 2, Haziran, 2016, s. 39-54, 2016.
- Evcan, Sinan, La Politique à Travers Lautreamont: L’eners d’une raison instictuelle, Harmattan, Paris, 2009.
- Foucault, Michel, Biyopolitikanın Doğuşu, İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, İstanbul, 2015.
- Hegel,G.W.F, Lectures on Natural Right and Political Science: The First Philosophy of Right, University of California Press, Berkeley, 1995.
- Hegel,G.W.F, Elements of the Philosophy of Right, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1991.
- Held, David, Models of Democracy, Polity Press, Cambridge, 2006.
- Hobbes, Thomas, Leviathan, Printed for Andrew Crooke at the Green Dragon in St Pauls Church Yard, 1651.
- Herman, Edgar ve Chomsky, Noam, Manufacturing Consent. The Political Economy of the Mass Media, Pantheon Books, New York, 1988.
- Lafontaine, Jean de, The Complete Fables of Jean Lafontaine, University of İllinois Press, İllinois, 2007.
- Lippmann, Walter, Le Fantome du public, Demopolis, Paris, 2008.
- Machiavelli, Nicholo, Prens, Can Yayınları, İstanbul, 2012.
- Mill, John Stuart, The Collected Works of John Stuart Mill, Volume XIX - Essays on Politics and Society Part II, ed. John M. Robson, Introduction by Alexander Brady, Universityof Toronto Press, Toronto, 1977. Mill, John Stuart, On Liberty, Yale University Press, Yale, 2003.
- Mouffe, Chantal (Ed.), Democratic Citizenship and the Political Community in Community at Loose Ends, edited by the Miamy Theory Collective, University of Minnesota Press, Mineapolis, 1991.
- Nietzsche, Freidrich, Human, All Too Human, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2005.
- Nietzsche, Freidrich, The Genealogy of the Morals, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2006.
- Platon, Devlet, Bordo Siyah Yayınevi, 2005.
- Ranciere, Jacques, La Haine de la Democratie, Editions La fabrique, Paris, 2005.
- Rousseau, Jean Jacques, Discourse on the Origins of Inequality (1751), Translated by G.D.H.Cole. Printed in Academic Journal End of Nature, Spring, 2002.
- Rousseau, Jean Jacques, ToplumsalSözleşme, Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları, İstanbul, 2006.
- Şenel, Alaeddin, SiyasalDüşüncelerTarihi, Bilim ve SanatYayınları, Ankara, 2013.
- Yılmaz, Bayram, “John Stuart Mill’in Demokrasi Anlayışı Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme”, KTÜ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, Sayı 7, s. 57-68, 2014.
- Zizek, Slavoj, The Ticklish Subject: The Absent center of Political Ideology, Verso, London, 2000.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | April 1, 2018 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2018 Issue: 25 |
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