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G-8 Ülkelerinde Askeri Harcamalar ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi*

Year 2018, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 136 - 146, 30.12.2018

Abstract

Dünyada birçok ülkenin kamu harcamalarında önemli bir yere sahip olan askeri harcamalar ulusal güvenliği sağlama açısından ülkelerin önemli harcama
kalemleri arasında yer almaktadır. Bu doğrultuda çalışmanın amacı savunma
harcamaları bakımından önemli büyüklüğe sahip olan ülkelerde askeri harcamalarla ekonomik büyüme ilişkisini incelemektir. Çalışmada askeri harcamaların ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkileri G-8 Ülkelerinde, 1992-2016
dönemi yıllık verileri kullanılarak panel veri analizi yardımıyla incelenmiştir. Analizde öncelikle yatay kesit bağımlılığının olup olmadığını araştırmak
için Peseran (2004) CDLM testine başvurulmuştur. Bunun sonucunda yatay
kesit bağımlılığının olduğu tespit edilmiş ve yatay kesit bağımlılığını dikkate alan ikinci nesil birim kök testi ve nedensellik için Emirmahmutoğlu ve
Köse (2011) nedensellik testi uygulanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, serilerin durağan
olduğu ve seçilen ülkeler arasında askeri harcamalardan ekonomik büyümeye
doğru çift yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

References

  • AJMAIR, M., HUSSAIN, K., ABBASI, F., A. ve GOHAR, M. (2018). “The Impact of Military Expenditures on Economic Growth of Pakistan”, Applied Economics and Finance 5(2), s.41-48. ALPTEKIN, A. ve LEVNE, P. (2010), “Expenditure and Economic Growth: A Meta-Analysis”, Munich Personal RePEc Archive (MPRA). No: 28853. APANISILE, Olumuyiwa T. ve OKUNLOLA, Olalekan C. (2014), “An Empirical Analysis of Effects of Military Spending on Economic Growth in Nigeria: A Bound Testing Approach to Co-Integration 1989-2013”, Journal of Public Administration, Finance and Law, 3(6), 2014, 117-130. BENOIT, E. (1973), “Defense and Economic Growth in Developing Countries”, Lexington, MA: Lexington Books, D.C. Heath and Company. BOSE, N. (2007), “Haque, Emranul and Osborn, Denise, “Public Expenditure and Economic Growth: A Disaggregated Analysis for Developing Countries”, The Manchester School, 75(5), 533-556. BREUSCH, T.S. ve PAGAN A.R. (1980), “The Lagrange Multiplier Test and Its Application to Model Specification in Econometrics”, Review of Economic Studies 47, pp.239-254. CHAIRIL, Tangguh., SINAGA, Dedy S., ve FEBRIANTI, Annisa I. (2013), “Relationship between Military Expenditure and Economic Growth in ASEAN: Evidence from Indonesia”, Journal of ASEAN Studies 1(2), 106–121. CHANG, H-C, Huang, B-N. ve Yang, C.W. (2011), “Military Expenditure and Economic Growth Across Different Groups: A Dynamic Panel Granger-Causality Approach”, Economic Modelling, 28(6), 2416-2423. DEGER, S., ve SMITH R. (1983), “Military Expenditure and Growth in Less Developed Countries”, Journal of conflict resolution 27 (2), 335-353. DURGUN, Özlem ve TİMUR, Mustafa C. (2017), “Savunma Harcamaları ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: Türkiye Analizi”, Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. (54), 126-137. DUNNE, P., NIKOLAIDOU, E., ve VOUGAS, D. (2001), “Defence Spending and Economic Growth: A Causal Analysis for Greece and Turkey”, Defence and Peace Economics, 12(1), 5-26. EMİRMAHMUTOĞLU, F. ve KÖSE, N. (2011), “Testing for Granger Causality in Heterogeneous Mixed Panels”. Economic Modelling, 28, 870-876. ENİMOLA, S. S. ve AKOKO, A. (2008), “Defense Expenditure And Economic Growth: The Nigeria Experience 1977- 2006”, Department of Economics, Adekunle Ajasin University P.M.B 001. GERACE, Michael P. (2002), “US military expenditure and economic growth: Some evidence from spectral methods”. Defence and Peace Economics (13), 1-11. GÖKMENOĞLU, Korhan, TAŞPINAR, Nigar ve SADEGHIEH, M. (2015), “Military Expenditure and Economic Growth: The Case of Turkey”, Procedia Economics and Finance (25), 455-462. HADRI, Kaddour ve KURIZOMI, E. (2012), “A Simple Panel Stationarity Test in the Presence of Serial Correlation and a Common Factor”, Economics Letter, Sayı:115, ss.31-34. KARAGOL, Erdal ve PALAZ, S. (2004), “Does Defence Expenditure Deter Economic Growth in Turkey? A cointegration analysis”, Defence and Peace Economics, 15(3), 289-298. KENTOR, Jeffrey ve KICK, E. (2008), “Bringing The Military Back In: Military Expenditures and Economic Growth 1990 To 2003”, Journal of World-Systems Research. 11(2), 142-172. KORKMAZ, S. (2015), “The Effect of Military Spending on Economic Growth and Unemployment in Mediterranean Countries”, International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues. 5 (1), 273-280. MA, J., YIWEN J. ve XIAO, X. (2015), “The Relationship Between Military Expenditures and Economic Growth a Case Study of The United States, Russia, Japan, India and China”, Review of the Air Force Academy. 2(29), 79-90. MANCHESTER, C. (2017), “The Relationship between Defense Expenditures and Economic Growth: A Granger Causality Approach”, Business/Business Administration. (37). PESERAN, H. M. (2004), “General Diagnostic Tests for Cross Section Dependence in Panels, Discussion Paper No. 1240 August, s.5. PESARAN, M. H. ve YAMAGATA, T. (2008), “Testing slope homogeneity in large panels”, Journal of Econometrics, 142, s.50–93. SEYİDOĞLU, H. (2007), “Uluslararası İktisat: Teori, Politika ve Uygulama”, Güzem Yayınları. İstanbul. YURTTANÇIKMAZ, Z. Ç., ALI, A. ve EMSEN, Ömer S. (2012), “Askeri Harcamalar ve Ambargonun Ekonomik Büyümeye Etkileri: İran Üzerine Bir Uygulama”. Atatürk Üniversitesi, İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 26(2), 171-190. https://www.sipri.org/, (Erişim Tarihi: 8 Nisan.2018).
Year 2018, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 136 - 146, 30.12.2018

Abstract

References

  • AJMAIR, M., HUSSAIN, K., ABBASI, F., A. ve GOHAR, M. (2018). “The Impact of Military Expenditures on Economic Growth of Pakistan”, Applied Economics and Finance 5(2), s.41-48. ALPTEKIN, A. ve LEVNE, P. (2010), “Expenditure and Economic Growth: A Meta-Analysis”, Munich Personal RePEc Archive (MPRA). No: 28853. APANISILE, Olumuyiwa T. ve OKUNLOLA, Olalekan C. (2014), “An Empirical Analysis of Effects of Military Spending on Economic Growth in Nigeria: A Bound Testing Approach to Co-Integration 1989-2013”, Journal of Public Administration, Finance and Law, 3(6), 2014, 117-130. BENOIT, E. (1973), “Defense and Economic Growth in Developing Countries”, Lexington, MA: Lexington Books, D.C. Heath and Company. BOSE, N. (2007), “Haque, Emranul and Osborn, Denise, “Public Expenditure and Economic Growth: A Disaggregated Analysis for Developing Countries”, The Manchester School, 75(5), 533-556. BREUSCH, T.S. ve PAGAN A.R. (1980), “The Lagrange Multiplier Test and Its Application to Model Specification in Econometrics”, Review of Economic Studies 47, pp.239-254. CHAIRIL, Tangguh., SINAGA, Dedy S., ve FEBRIANTI, Annisa I. (2013), “Relationship between Military Expenditure and Economic Growth in ASEAN: Evidence from Indonesia”, Journal of ASEAN Studies 1(2), 106–121. CHANG, H-C, Huang, B-N. ve Yang, C.W. (2011), “Military Expenditure and Economic Growth Across Different Groups: A Dynamic Panel Granger-Causality Approach”, Economic Modelling, 28(6), 2416-2423. DEGER, S., ve SMITH R. (1983), “Military Expenditure and Growth in Less Developed Countries”, Journal of conflict resolution 27 (2), 335-353. DURGUN, Özlem ve TİMUR, Mustafa C. (2017), “Savunma Harcamaları ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: Türkiye Analizi”, Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. (54), 126-137. DUNNE, P., NIKOLAIDOU, E., ve VOUGAS, D. (2001), “Defence Spending and Economic Growth: A Causal Analysis for Greece and Turkey”, Defence and Peace Economics, 12(1), 5-26. EMİRMAHMUTOĞLU, F. ve KÖSE, N. (2011), “Testing for Granger Causality in Heterogeneous Mixed Panels”. Economic Modelling, 28, 870-876. ENİMOLA, S. S. ve AKOKO, A. (2008), “Defense Expenditure And Economic Growth: The Nigeria Experience 1977- 2006”, Department of Economics, Adekunle Ajasin University P.M.B 001. GERACE, Michael P. (2002), “US military expenditure and economic growth: Some evidence from spectral methods”. Defence and Peace Economics (13), 1-11. GÖKMENOĞLU, Korhan, TAŞPINAR, Nigar ve SADEGHIEH, M. (2015), “Military Expenditure and Economic Growth: The Case of Turkey”, Procedia Economics and Finance (25), 455-462. HADRI, Kaddour ve KURIZOMI, E. (2012), “A Simple Panel Stationarity Test in the Presence of Serial Correlation and a Common Factor”, Economics Letter, Sayı:115, ss.31-34. KARAGOL, Erdal ve PALAZ, S. (2004), “Does Defence Expenditure Deter Economic Growth in Turkey? A cointegration analysis”, Defence and Peace Economics, 15(3), 289-298. KENTOR, Jeffrey ve KICK, E. (2008), “Bringing The Military Back In: Military Expenditures and Economic Growth 1990 To 2003”, Journal of World-Systems Research. 11(2), 142-172. KORKMAZ, S. (2015), “The Effect of Military Spending on Economic Growth and Unemployment in Mediterranean Countries”, International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues. 5 (1), 273-280. MA, J., YIWEN J. ve XIAO, X. (2015), “The Relationship Between Military Expenditures and Economic Growth a Case Study of The United States, Russia, Japan, India and China”, Review of the Air Force Academy. 2(29), 79-90. MANCHESTER, C. (2017), “The Relationship between Defense Expenditures and Economic Growth: A Granger Causality Approach”, Business/Business Administration. (37). PESERAN, H. M. (2004), “General Diagnostic Tests for Cross Section Dependence in Panels, Discussion Paper No. 1240 August, s.5. PESARAN, M. H. ve YAMAGATA, T. (2008), “Testing slope homogeneity in large panels”, Journal of Econometrics, 142, s.50–93. SEYİDOĞLU, H. (2007), “Uluslararası İktisat: Teori, Politika ve Uygulama”, Güzem Yayınları. İstanbul. YURTTANÇIKMAZ, Z. Ç., ALI, A. ve EMSEN, Ömer S. (2012), “Askeri Harcamalar ve Ambargonun Ekonomik Büyümeye Etkileri: İran Üzerine Bir Uygulama”. Atatürk Üniversitesi, İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 26(2), 171-190. https://www.sipri.org/, (Erişim Tarihi: 8 Nisan.2018).
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Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Girişimcilik ve Kalkınma Dergisi
Authors

Nazife Özge Kılıç

Bengü Açdoyuran This is me

Murat Beşer This is me

Publication Date December 30, 2018
Submission Date November 15, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 13 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Kılıç, N. Ö., Açdoyuran, B., & Beşer, M. (2018). G-8 Ülkelerinde Askeri Harcamalar ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi*. Girişimcilik Ve Kalkınma Dergisi, 13(2), 136-146.