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Communication Strategies Used in "Infodemic" Management, A New Risk Reaching Information and News Sources During The COVID-19 Pandemic

Year 2022, Issue: 29, 15 - 27, 30.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.54600/igdirsosbilder.991749

Abstract

Infodemic, which is a new risk area in reaching information and news sources, has started to gain importance during the Covid-19 pandemic, although it is not a concept that emerged with. Individuals in the society can produce unconfirmed and/or incomplete information and also, these may be exposed to them whenever they are faced with a new event and an unknown situation. Today, news and information about the agenda are reached through traditional mass media tools such as television, radio and newspaper, as well as digital media platforms and social media networks. It is discussed whether the information produced and disseminated on online platforms constitutes a source, the accuracy of this information, as well as how effective online platforms are in the spread of false information. In this study; the management and coordination that World Health Organization emphasizes in the management of the infodemic emerging with COVID-19; evidence-based message creation; dissemination of information through messages that create actionable behavior change presented in a way that is accessible to the community; the main topics determined by the governments as the creation of recommendations and message content to address the concerns of the society, and strategic partnerships to be established with academia and non-governmental organizations as well as social media and technology platforms are discussed with a descriptive method. The common point of our findings is the importance of reducing the development of rumors and conspiracy theories that have the potential to affect the attitudes and behaviors of the public. The public should be informed by all actors with fast and accurate information against infodemic.

References

  • Brennen, J. Scott, Simon, Felix, N. Howard, Philip, Kleis Nielsen, Rasmus (2020). “Types, sources, and claims of COVID-19 misinformation”, https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/types-sources-and-claims-covid-19-misinformation (erişim tarihi: 30.07.2021)
  • Brownson R.C., Baker E.A., Leet T.L., Gillespie K.N. (2003). Evidence-Based Public Health. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Digital 2020 Global Digital Overview. Retrieved from https://wearesocial.com/digital-2020.
  • Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (a), (2020). Munich Security Conference: WHO; 15 February 2020 [Available from: https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/muni ch-security-conference.
  • Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (b), (2020). “Subject in Focus: Developing trans-disciplinary science: infodemiology, the science behind infodemic management”, WHO; 7 July 2020 [Available from: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coro naviruse/situation-reports/20200707-covid-1 9-sitrep-169.pdf?sfvrsn=c6c69c88_2
  • Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (c), (2020). “An ad hoc WHO technical consultation managing the COVID-19 infodemic: call for action”, 7-8 April 2020: World Health Organization. ; 2020 [Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/33428 7.Council of Europe Report, 2017
  • Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (ç), (2020). “A guide to preventing and addressing social stigma associated with COVID-19”, World Health Organisations, 24 February 2020.
  • Eysenbach, G. (2002). “Infodemiology: The epidemiology of (mis)information”. Am J Med.; 113(9): 763-5.
  • Haupt, MR, Jinich-Diamant, A, Li, J, et al. (2021). “Characterizing twitter user topics and communication network dynamics of the “liberate” movement during COVID-19 using unsupervised machine learning and social network analysis”. Online Social Networks and Media 21: 100114.
  • Mukhtar S., (2020). “Mental Health and Psychosocial Aspects of Coronavirus Outbreak in Pakistan: Psychological Intervention for Public Mental Health Crisis”, Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 51, 102069. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102069.
  • Parlar Dal, Emel, Erdoğan, Emre, vd. (2021). RDMEDU Key Expert Report, "Küresel Siyasette Yeni Dezenformasyon Ekosistemini Anlamak". Rep.No.1. Jan. 2021. Web.
  • Rychetnik L., Hawe P., Waters E., Barratt A., Frommer M. (2004). “A glossary for evidence based public health”. J Epidemiol Community Health, 58, 538-545.
  • Sommariva, S., Vamos, C., Mantzarlis, A., Đào, L. U.-L., & Martinez Tyson, D. (2018). “Spreading The (fake) News: Exploring Health Messages on Social Media and the Implications For Health Professionals Using a Case Study”, American Journal of Health Education.
  • TRT Haber, (2021). Bakanlıktan aşılama kampanyası için 8 kamu spotu [Video]. Erişim adresi: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HRIy6RocxhA (erişim tarihi: 27 Mayıs 2021)
  • Twitter, https://webrazzi.com/2021/08/03/twitter-dezenformasyonu-onlemek-icin-ap-ve-reuters-ile-calisiyor/ (erişim tarihi: 15.08.2021)
  • Vosoughi, Soroush, Roy, Deb, Aral, Sinan, (2018). “The spread of true and false news online”, Science, Vol. 359, Issue 6380, pp. 1146-1151.
  • Wardle, Claire, PhD & Hossein Derakhshan (2017). With research support from Anne Burns and Nic Dias, “Information disorder: Toward an interdisciplinary framework for research and policy making” Council of Europe, https://edoc.coe.int/en/media/7495-information-disorder-toward-an-interdisciplinary-framework-for-research-and-policy-making.html. Erişim tarihi: 18.06.2021.
  • Zhang, S., Pian, W., Ma, F., Ni, Z., & Liu, Y. (2021). “Characterizing the Covid-19 Infodemic on Chinese Social Media: Exploratory Study”. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance.
  • Fake news spreads faster than true news on Twitter—thanks to people, not bots. (2020). Erişim Adresi: https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2018/03/fake-news-spreads-faster-true-news-twitter-thanks-people-not-bots 7 maddede koronavirüsle mücadelede işlenen hak ihlalleri (2020). Erişim Adresi: https://www.amnesty.org.tr/icerik/7-maddede-koronavirus-nedeniyle-insan-haklari-alaninda-yapilan-hak-ihlalleri

COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ SÜRECİNDE BİLGİ VE HABER KAYNAKLARINA ULAŞMADA YENİ BİR RİSK OLAN “İNFODEMİ” YÖNETİMİNDE KULLANILAN İLETİŞİM STRATEJİLERİ

Year 2022, Issue: 29, 15 - 27, 30.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.54600/igdirsosbilder.991749

Abstract

Bilgi ve haber kaynaklarına ulaşmada yeni bir risk alanı olan infodemi, Covid-19 pandemisi ile ortaya çıkan bir kavram olmasa da bu süreçte önem kazanmaya başlamıştır. Toplumu oluşturan bireyler her yeni olay ve bilinmeyen bir durumla karşılaştıklarında doğrulanmamış ve/veya eksik enformasyonlar üretebilmekte ve bunlara maruz kalabilmektedir. Günümüzde enformasyonlara televizyon, radyo, gazete gibi geleneksel kitle medya araçlarının yanı sıra dijital medya platformları ve sosyal medya ağları aracılığı ile ulaşılmaktadır. Çevrim içi platformlarda üretilen ve yayılan bilginin kaynak oluşturup oluşturmadığı, bu bilgilerin doğruluğunun yanısıra bu platformların yanlış bilginin yayılmasında ne kadar etkili olup olmadıkları tartışılmaktadır. Bu çalışmamızda; Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün pandemi ile ortaya çıkan infodemi yönetiminde koordinasyon; kanıta dayalı mesaj oluşturma; bilginin, toplum tarafından erişilebilecek şekilde sunulan, eyleme geçirilebilir davranış değişikliği yaratacak mesajlar ile yayılması; hükümetlerin toplumun endişelerini giderecek tavsiyeler ve mesaj içerikleri oluşturması ile akademi ve sivil toplum kuruluşlarının yanı sıra sosyal medya ve teknoloji platformları ile kurulacak stratejik ortaklıklar olarak belirlediği ana başlıklar betimleyici yöntemle ele alınmıştır. Bulguların ortak noktası; infodemi ile mücadelede halkın tutum ve davranışlarını etkileme potansiyeline sahip söylentiler ve komplo teorilerinin gelişimini azaltmak için halkın tüm aktörler tarafından hızlı ve doğru bilgi ile desteklenmesi gerektiğidir.

References

  • Brennen, J. Scott, Simon, Felix, N. Howard, Philip, Kleis Nielsen, Rasmus (2020). “Types, sources, and claims of COVID-19 misinformation”, https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/types-sources-and-claims-covid-19-misinformation (erişim tarihi: 30.07.2021)
  • Brownson R.C., Baker E.A., Leet T.L., Gillespie K.N. (2003). Evidence-Based Public Health. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Digital 2020 Global Digital Overview. Retrieved from https://wearesocial.com/digital-2020.
  • Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (a), (2020). Munich Security Conference: WHO; 15 February 2020 [Available from: https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/muni ch-security-conference.
  • Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (b), (2020). “Subject in Focus: Developing trans-disciplinary science: infodemiology, the science behind infodemic management”, WHO; 7 July 2020 [Available from: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coro naviruse/situation-reports/20200707-covid-1 9-sitrep-169.pdf?sfvrsn=c6c69c88_2
  • Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (c), (2020). “An ad hoc WHO technical consultation managing the COVID-19 infodemic: call for action”, 7-8 April 2020: World Health Organization. ; 2020 [Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/33428 7.Council of Europe Report, 2017
  • Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (ç), (2020). “A guide to preventing and addressing social stigma associated with COVID-19”, World Health Organisations, 24 February 2020.
  • Eysenbach, G. (2002). “Infodemiology: The epidemiology of (mis)information”. Am J Med.; 113(9): 763-5.
  • Haupt, MR, Jinich-Diamant, A, Li, J, et al. (2021). “Characterizing twitter user topics and communication network dynamics of the “liberate” movement during COVID-19 using unsupervised machine learning and social network analysis”. Online Social Networks and Media 21: 100114.
  • Mukhtar S., (2020). “Mental Health and Psychosocial Aspects of Coronavirus Outbreak in Pakistan: Psychological Intervention for Public Mental Health Crisis”, Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 51, 102069. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102069.
  • Parlar Dal, Emel, Erdoğan, Emre, vd. (2021). RDMEDU Key Expert Report, "Küresel Siyasette Yeni Dezenformasyon Ekosistemini Anlamak". Rep.No.1. Jan. 2021. Web.
  • Rychetnik L., Hawe P., Waters E., Barratt A., Frommer M. (2004). “A glossary for evidence based public health”. J Epidemiol Community Health, 58, 538-545.
  • Sommariva, S., Vamos, C., Mantzarlis, A., Đào, L. U.-L., & Martinez Tyson, D. (2018). “Spreading The (fake) News: Exploring Health Messages on Social Media and the Implications For Health Professionals Using a Case Study”, American Journal of Health Education.
  • TRT Haber, (2021). Bakanlıktan aşılama kampanyası için 8 kamu spotu [Video]. Erişim adresi: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HRIy6RocxhA (erişim tarihi: 27 Mayıs 2021)
  • Twitter, https://webrazzi.com/2021/08/03/twitter-dezenformasyonu-onlemek-icin-ap-ve-reuters-ile-calisiyor/ (erişim tarihi: 15.08.2021)
  • Vosoughi, Soroush, Roy, Deb, Aral, Sinan, (2018). “The spread of true and false news online”, Science, Vol. 359, Issue 6380, pp. 1146-1151.
  • Wardle, Claire, PhD & Hossein Derakhshan (2017). With research support from Anne Burns and Nic Dias, “Information disorder: Toward an interdisciplinary framework for research and policy making” Council of Europe, https://edoc.coe.int/en/media/7495-information-disorder-toward-an-interdisciplinary-framework-for-research-and-policy-making.html. Erişim tarihi: 18.06.2021.
  • Zhang, S., Pian, W., Ma, F., Ni, Z., & Liu, Y. (2021). “Characterizing the Covid-19 Infodemic on Chinese Social Media: Exploratory Study”. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance.
  • Fake news spreads faster than true news on Twitter—thanks to people, not bots. (2020). Erişim Adresi: https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2018/03/fake-news-spreads-faster-true-news-twitter-thanks-people-not-bots 7 maddede koronavirüsle mücadelede işlenen hak ihlalleri (2020). Erişim Adresi: https://www.amnesty.org.tr/icerik/7-maddede-koronavirus-nedeniyle-insan-haklari-alaninda-yapilan-hak-ihlalleri
There are 19 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Elgiz Yılmaz Altuntaş 0000-0002-3486-1701

İrem Altıparmak This is me 0000-0002-8454-1511

Ceren Tünel This is me 0000-0002-0211-2562

Burcu Sünger This is me 0000-0002-3905-7181

Publication Date January 30, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Issue: 29

Cite

APA Yılmaz Altuntaş, E., Altıparmak, İ., Tünel, C., Sünger, B. (2022). COVID-19 PANDEMİSİ SÜRECİNDE BİLGİ VE HABER KAYNAKLARINA ULAŞMADA YENİ BİR RİSK OLAN “İNFODEMİ” YÖNETİMİNDE KULLANILAN İLETİŞİM STRATEJİLERİ. Iğdır Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi(29), 15-27. https://doi.org/10.54600/igdirsosbilder.991749