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Sosyal Medyanın Gündem Belirleyicileri: Twitter’da Gündem Belirleme Süreci Üzerine Bir Sosyal Ağ Analizi

Year 2020, Issue: 51, 1 - 19, 26.10.2020

Abstract

Sosyal medya ağlarının gündelik hayatın ayrılmaz bir parçası haline geldiği günümüzde gündem de bu ağlar aracılığıyla belirlenmektedir. Geleneksel kitle iletişim araçlarının aksine bireyin öne çıktığı ağlar, ağ toplumun özelliği ile kamuoyu gündem oluşum sürecinde farklılaşmalara neden olmaktadır. Bu açıdan Gündem Belirleme Kuramı’nın medya, kamu, politika ve gerçek dünya göstergeleri arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyen birinci aşama ne düşüneceği, ikinci aşama da nasıl düşüneceğianaliz edilirken, karmaşık ağ yapıları arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyen üçüncü aşamaya geçilmiştir. Üçüncü aşama gündem belirleme süreci olarak adlandırılan bu yapı içerisinde karmaşık ağ yapılarının birbiri üzerinde etkisi olduğu üzerinde durmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, politika gündemi ile Twitter’ın kamu gündemi arasındaki ilişki sosyal ağ analizi yöntemiyle incelenmektedir.Ayasofya’nın tekrar camii statüsünde ibadete açılmasına izin veren Danıştay Kararından sonra oluşturulan #ayasofyacamii etiketi uzun süre Twitter gündeminde kalmış, belirli aktörlerin gündemi belirleme ve yönetmede etkin rol oynadığı tespit edilmiştir. Politikacıların konu ile alakalı Twitter paylaşımlarının ardından #ayasofyacamii etiketi bir günde 800 bine yakın etkileşim almıştır. Bu da politika gündeminin kamu gündemi üzerinde etkili olduğu sonucunu ortaya koymuştur.

References

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  • Castells M. (2008). Enformasyon Cağı: Ekonomi, Toplum ve Kültür Cilt 1, Ağ Toplumun Yükselişi, Çeviren Ebru Kılıç, İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, İstanbul.
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  • Crossley, N., (2020). Social Network Analysis, eds. George RitzerandWendyWiedenhoft Murphy, In: Sociology, John Wiley&Sons.
  • Dalkir, K., (2005).Knowledge Management in Theory and Practice. MIT Press.
  • Dingin, A., E., (2020a). "Ekonomi haberlerine yönelik üçüncü aşama gündem belirleme araştırması." Gümüşhane Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi 8.1, 133-154.
  • Dingin, A., E., (2020b). “Kadına yönelik şiddet haberlerinin kamuoyuna etkisi: üçüncü aşama gündem belirleme çalışması.” İstanbul Arel Üniversitesi İletişim Çalışmaları Dergisi, 7,15,53-72 .
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  • Meraz, S., (2009). "Is there an elite hold? Traditional media to social media agenda setting influence in blog networks." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 14.3, 682-707. Meraz, S., (2011). "Using time series analysis to measure intermedia agenda- setting influence in traditional media and political blog networks." Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 88.1, 176-194.
  • Neuman W. R., et al, (2014) The Dynamics of PublicAttention: Agenda-SettingTheoryMeetsBig Data, Journal of Communication64. 2, 193–214.
  • Neuman, R., W. et al., (2014). "The dynamics of public attention: Agenda-setting theory meets big data." Journal of Communication, 64.2, 193-214.
  • Newman, M. EJ (2008). "The mathematics of networks." The New Palgrave Encyclopedia Of Economics, 2, 1-12.
  • Rogers, E., M.,and Dearing, J., W., (1988). "Agenda-setting research: Where has it been, where is it going?" Annals of the International Communication Association, 11.1, 555-594.
  • Rogstad I., (2016).” Is Twitter justrehashing? Intermedia agenda setting between Twitter and mainstream media”, Journal of Information Technology&Politics, 13, 1-17.
  • Sayre, B.et al., (2010). “Agenda setting in a digital age: tracking attention to california proposition 8 in social media, online news, and conventional news”, Policy & Internet, 2, 2.
  • Sert Eteman, F., Tüzüntürk, S., ve Gürsakal, N., (2014). NodeXL ile Sosyal Ağ Analizi: #akademikzam Örneği, 15. Uluslararası Ekonometri, Yöneylem Araştırması ve İstatistik Sempozyumu, 464-481.
  • Sweetser, K. D., et al., (2008). “Intermedia agenda setting in television, advertising, and blogs during the 2004 election”, Mass Communication and Society, 11.2, 197-216.
  • Van djik., (2006). The Network Society Social Aspects of New Media, SAGE Publications, London, UK.
  • Vargo, C. J., and Guo, L., (2016). “Networks, big data, and intermedia agenda setting: an analysis of traditional, partisan, and emerging online u.s. news.”Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 94,4, 1031–1055.
  • Vargo, C.,et al., (2014). “Network issue agendas on Twitter during the 2012 US presidential election.” Journal of Communication, 64.2, 296-316.
  • Vu, H., T., et al., (2014). "Exploring “the world outside and the pictures in our heads” A network agenda-setting study." Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 91.4, 669-686.
  • Wallsten, K. (2007). "Agenda setting and the blogosphere: An analysis of the relationship between mainstream media and political blogs." Review of Policy Research, 24.6, 567-587.
  • Yüksel, E., and Dingin, A. E., (2020). “Does “it” work in Turkey? A network agenda-setting research”, Erciyes İletişim Dergisi, 7,1,435-450.

Agenda Setters of Social Media: A Social Network Analysis on the Agenda Setting Process of Twitter

Year 2020, Issue: 51, 1 - 19, 26.10.2020

Abstract

Today, when social media networks have become an integral part of daily life, the agenda is determined through these networks. Unlike traditional mass media, networks in which the individual stands out cause differentiation in the process of public agenda formation with its characteristics of the network society. In this respect, while what to think is analyzed in the first phase, which examines the relationship between the media, public, policy and real world indicators of Agenda Setting Theory, and how to think is analyzed in the second phase, the relationship between complex network structures is examined in the third phase. The third stage emphasizes that complex network structures affect each other within this structure, which is called the agenda setting process. In this study, the relationship between the policy agenda and Twitter's public agenda is analyzed by social network analysis method. The #ayasofyacamii tag created after the Decision of State Council allowing Hagia Sophia to be opened for worship again, was on the Twitter agenda for a long time, and it was determined that certain actors played an active role in setting and managing the agenda. After the politicians' Twitter posts related to the subject, the #ayasofyacamii tag got nearly 800 thousand interactions in a day. This shows that the policy agenda is effective on the public agenda.

References

  • Balkundi, P., and Kilduff M., (2006). "The ties that lead: A social network approach to leadership." The Leadership Quarterly, 17.4,419-439.
  • Castells M. (2008). Enformasyon Cağı: Ekonomi, Toplum ve Kültür Cilt 1, Ağ Toplumun Yükselişi, Çeviren Ebru Kılıç, İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Cheng Y. (2016): Thethird-levelagenda-settingstudy: an examination of media, implicit, andexplicitpublicagendas in China, AsianJournal of Communication, 26:4, 319-332.
  • Cohen, B. C., (1963). The Press and Foreign Policy, USA: Princeton University Press.
  • Conway, B. A. et al., (2015). "The rise of Twitter in the political campaign: Searching for intermedia agenda-setting effects in the presidential primary." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 20.4, 363-380.
  • Crossley, N., (2020). Social Network Analysis, eds. George RitzerandWendyWiedenhoft Murphy, In: Sociology, John Wiley&Sons.
  • Dalkir, K., (2005).Knowledge Management in Theory and Practice. MIT Press.
  • Dingin, A., E., (2020a). "Ekonomi haberlerine yönelik üçüncü aşama gündem belirleme araştırması." Gümüşhane Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi 8.1, 133-154.
  • Dingin, A., E., (2020b). “Kadına yönelik şiddet haberlerinin kamuoyuna etkisi: üçüncü aşama gündem belirleme çalışması.” İstanbul Arel Üniversitesi İletişim Çalışmaları Dergisi, 7,15,53-72 .
  • Freeman, L., (2004).The Development of Social Network Analysis: A Study In The Sociology Of Science,United States of America: Empirical Press.
  • Guo, L.et al., (2012). "An expanded perspective on agenda-setting effects: Exploring the third level of agenda setting." Revista de Comunicación, 11, 51-68.
  • Guo, L., (2012). “The application of social network analysis in agenda setting research: a methodological exploration”, Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, 56, 4,616-631.
  • Guo, L.,andVargo, C., (2015). “The power of message networks: a big-data analysis of the network agenda setting model and issue ownership”, Mass Communication and Society, 18,5, 557-576.
  • Lazarsfeld, P.,et al., (1998).The People’s Choice How the VaterUp His Mind in a Presidential Campaign. New York: Columbia Universty Press.
  • Lippmann, W., (1992). Public Opinion. New York: Macmillan.
  • McCombs, M., E.,and Shaw, D., L., (1972). “The agenda-setting function of mass media”, Public Opinion Quarterly, 36, 2, 176-187.
  • Meraz, S., (2009). "Is there an elite hold? Traditional media to social media agenda setting influence in blog networks." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 14.3, 682-707. Meraz, S., (2011). "Using time series analysis to measure intermedia agenda- setting influence in traditional media and political blog networks." Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 88.1, 176-194.
  • Neuman W. R., et al, (2014) The Dynamics of PublicAttention: Agenda-SettingTheoryMeetsBig Data, Journal of Communication64. 2, 193–214.
  • Neuman, R., W. et al., (2014). "The dynamics of public attention: Agenda-setting theory meets big data." Journal of Communication, 64.2, 193-214.
  • Newman, M. EJ (2008). "The mathematics of networks." The New Palgrave Encyclopedia Of Economics, 2, 1-12.
  • Rogers, E., M.,and Dearing, J., W., (1988). "Agenda-setting research: Where has it been, where is it going?" Annals of the International Communication Association, 11.1, 555-594.
  • Rogstad I., (2016).” Is Twitter justrehashing? Intermedia agenda setting between Twitter and mainstream media”, Journal of Information Technology&Politics, 13, 1-17.
  • Sayre, B.et al., (2010). “Agenda setting in a digital age: tracking attention to california proposition 8 in social media, online news, and conventional news”, Policy & Internet, 2, 2.
  • Sert Eteman, F., Tüzüntürk, S., ve Gürsakal, N., (2014). NodeXL ile Sosyal Ağ Analizi: #akademikzam Örneği, 15. Uluslararası Ekonometri, Yöneylem Araştırması ve İstatistik Sempozyumu, 464-481.
  • Sweetser, K. D., et al., (2008). “Intermedia agenda setting in television, advertising, and blogs during the 2004 election”, Mass Communication and Society, 11.2, 197-216.
  • Van djik., (2006). The Network Society Social Aspects of New Media, SAGE Publications, London, UK.
  • Vargo, C. J., and Guo, L., (2016). “Networks, big data, and intermedia agenda setting: an analysis of traditional, partisan, and emerging online u.s. news.”Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 94,4, 1031–1055.
  • Vargo, C.,et al., (2014). “Network issue agendas on Twitter during the 2012 US presidential election.” Journal of Communication, 64.2, 296-316.
  • Vu, H., T., et al., (2014). "Exploring “the world outside and the pictures in our heads” A network agenda-setting study." Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 91.4, 669-686.
  • Wallsten, K. (2007). "Agenda setting and the blogosphere: An analysis of the relationship between mainstream media and political blogs." Review of Policy Research, 24.6, 567-587.
  • Yüksel, E., and Dingin, A. E., (2020). “Does “it” work in Turkey? A network agenda-setting research”, Erciyes İletişim Dergisi, 7,1,435-450.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Communication and Media Studies
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Yavuz Demir 0000-0002-9755-0150

Bünyamin Ayhan 0000-0003-0476-8394

Publication Date October 26, 2020
Submission Date July 28, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Issue: 51

Cite

APA Demir, Y., & Ayhan, B. (2020). Sosyal Medyanın Gündem Belirleyicileri: Twitter’da Gündem Belirleme Süreci Üzerine Bir Sosyal Ağ Analizi. İletişim Kuram Ve Araştırma Dergisi, 2020(51), 1-19.