Abstract
Bu makale Türkiye’de Bozcaada’daki aile işletmeciliği örneğinde küçük ölçekli turizm konaklaması olan pansiyonlarda, turizm işinin toplumsal cinsiyet rollerini nasıl etkilediğini tartışmaktadır. Turizm bir geçim kaynağı olarak Bozcaada’da 1990’lardan itibaren başlamıştır. Adanın yerleşiklerinin temel geçim kaynakları yakın zamana dek bağcılık, balıkçılık ve devlet memurluğu olmuştur.Fakat bu alanlarda yaşanan ekonomik zorluklardan dolayı son beş yılda turizm faaliyeti performansının en yüksek noktasına erişerek gerek ada yerleşikleri gerekse pansiyon işletmeciliği amacıyla adaya gelen yeni yerleşikler için temel geçim kaynağı olmaya başlamıştır . Bu makale, temel olarak turizm işinin özellikle kadınları sosyal ve ekonomik yönlerden etkilediğini tartışmaktadır. Turizm işi kadınlara hanehalkı içerisinde pazarlık gücü ve bir tür sosyal sermaye sağlayabilmesine rağmen, aile işletmeciliğindeki geleneksel cinsiyete dayalı iş bölümü belirgindir. Dolayısıyla toplumsal cinsiyet ve kültürün karmaşıklığından dolayı turizm kalkınması ile kadının güçlendirilmesi arasında doğrudan bir ilişki bulunmamaktadır.
References
- Jaquette, J. & Kathleen S. (2007) Women, Gender and Development. In: J. S. Jaquetta & G. Sum- merfield (eds.). Women and Gender Equity in Development Theory and Practice: Institutions, Resources, and Mobilization. Durham and Lon- don: Duke University Press, pp: 17-52.
- Kinnaird, V. and Hall, D. (1999) Understanding tou- rism processes: a gender-aware framework. Tou- rism Management 17(2):95-102.
- Morn-Toro,M.I., Roshelle A. R. & Facio E. (2002) Gender, Work, and Family in Cuba: The Chal- lenges of the Special Period. Journal of Develo- ping Societies 18 (2-3): .32-58.
- Möller, C. (2012) Gendered Entrepreneurship in Ru- ral Latvia: Exploring Feminities, Work and Live- lihood within Rural Tourism. Journal of Baltic Studies, 43(1):75-94.
- Pritchard, A. and Nigel J. M. (2000) Privileging The Male Gaze: Gendered Tourism Landscapes. An- nals of Tourism Landscapes 27 (4): 884-905.
- Ramon G., Dolors M. Canoves G. and Valdovinas N. (1995) Farm Tourism, Gender and the Envi- ronment in Spain. Annals of Tourism Research. 22(2):267-282.
- Siclair, M. Thea (2005) [1997] ‘Issues and theories of gender and work in tourism’ in M.Thea Siclair (ed.) Gender,Work and Tourism, pp: 1-12. Lon- don: Routledge.
- Swain, M. B. (1995) Gender in Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 22(2): 247-266.
- Telfer, D. J. & Sharpley R.(2008) Tourism and De- velopment in the Developing World.London & New York: Routledge.
- Tucker, H. (2008) Undoing Shame: Tourism and Wo- men’s Work in Turkey. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change. 5 (2):87-105.
- Tucker, H. and Boonabaana B. (2012) A critical analy- sis of tourism, gender and poverty reduction. Journal of Sustainable Tourism. 20(3):437-455.
- Uçar, N. (2012) Becoming Modern Woman in Rural Areas through Tourism. International Journal of Social and Economic Sciences (2) 2:111-115. Other Sources:
- http://www.bozcaada.gov.tr/default_B0.aspx?con- tent=1012
- Radikal Newspaper, http://www.radikal.com.tr/tur- kiye/bozcaadanin_katliam_fermani-1171346, accessed 3 February, 2014
Abstract
Thisarticle discusseshow tourism work affects gender roles in the exemplary of family business on the small scale tourism accommodation called pansiyon (guesthouses) in the Bozcaada Island in Turkey. Tourism, as a means of livelihood, has started in the Bozcaada Island since 1990s. The inhabitants of the island were mainly subsisted on vine cultivation, fishing and civil service. However, facing noticeable economic difficulty in those activities, tourism has gained peak performances and has become the main source of livelihood in the last five years for both island inhabitants and new residents coming for running pansiyons. This paper mainly argues that tourism work affects especially women in terms of social and economic aspects. Although tourism might provide women a bargaining position in the household and a kind of social capital, traditional sexual division of labor at workplace is apparent at this family business. Hence, there is not a direct relationship between tourism development and women empowerment because of the complexity of gender relations and culture.
References
- Jaquette, J. & Kathleen S. (2007) Women, Gender and Development. In: J. S. Jaquetta & G. Sum- merfield (eds.). Women and Gender Equity in Development Theory and Practice: Institutions, Resources, and Mobilization. Durham and Lon- don: Duke University Press, pp: 17-52.
- Kinnaird, V. and Hall, D. (1999) Understanding tou- rism processes: a gender-aware framework. Tou- rism Management 17(2):95-102.
- Morn-Toro,M.I., Roshelle A. R. & Facio E. (2002) Gender, Work, and Family in Cuba: The Chal- lenges of the Special Period. Journal of Develo- ping Societies 18 (2-3): .32-58.
- Möller, C. (2012) Gendered Entrepreneurship in Ru- ral Latvia: Exploring Feminities, Work and Live- lihood within Rural Tourism. Journal of Baltic Studies, 43(1):75-94.
- Pritchard, A. and Nigel J. M. (2000) Privileging The Male Gaze: Gendered Tourism Landscapes. An- nals of Tourism Landscapes 27 (4): 884-905.
- Ramon G., Dolors M. Canoves G. and Valdovinas N. (1995) Farm Tourism, Gender and the Envi- ronment in Spain. Annals of Tourism Research. 22(2):267-282.
- Siclair, M. Thea (2005) [1997] ‘Issues and theories of gender and work in tourism’ in M.Thea Siclair (ed.) Gender,Work and Tourism, pp: 1-12. Lon- don: Routledge.
- Swain, M. B. (1995) Gender in Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 22(2): 247-266.
- Telfer, D. J. & Sharpley R.(2008) Tourism and De- velopment in the Developing World.London & New York: Routledge.
- Tucker, H. (2008) Undoing Shame: Tourism and Wo- men’s Work in Turkey. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change. 5 (2):87-105.
- Tucker, H. and Boonabaana B. (2012) A critical analy- sis of tourism, gender and poverty reduction. Journal of Sustainable Tourism. 20(3):437-455.
- Uçar, N. (2012) Becoming Modern Woman in Rural Areas through Tourism. International Journal of Social and Economic Sciences (2) 2:111-115. Other Sources:
- http://www.bozcaada.gov.tr/default_B0.aspx?con- tent=1012
- Radikal Newspaper, http://www.radikal.com.tr/tur- kiye/bozcaadanin_katliam_fermani-1171346, accessed 3 February, 2014
Details
| Other ID | JA22UE79RR |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | March 1, 2016 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2016 Volume: 18 Issue: 1 |