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Depresyonda ve Anksiyete Bozukluklarında Öz Şefkat

Year 2023, Volume: 15 Issue: 1, 78 - 85, 15.03.2023

Betül Kurtses Gürsoy Ayşe Zeynep Akkoyun

https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.1202613

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma depresyon ve anksiyete bozuklukları hastalarında özanlayış, psikolojik iyi oluş ve benlik saygısı düzeylerini tespit etmek ve aralarındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: XXXX Üniversitesi Psikiyatri polikliniğine ayaktan başvuran ve çalışmaya gönüllü olarak katılmayı kabul eden 100 depresyon, 100 anksiyete bozukluğu hastası ile 100 sağlıklı kontrol çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Katılımcılara sosyodemografik veri formu, Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği (BAÖ), Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ), Psikolojik İyi Oluş Ölçeği (PİOÖ), Öz Anlayış Ölçeği (ÖZAN) ve Rosenberg Benlik Saygısı Ölçeği (RBSÖ) uygulanmıştır.
Bulgular: Tüm gruplara uygulanan ölçeklerin analiz sonucuna göre iyi oluş, benlik saygısı ve öz anlayış düzeylerinin gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılığa sahip olduğu belirlendi (p<0.001). Öz anlayış düzeylerinin median değerlerinin (m(Q1-Q3)) gruplara göre dağılımı şu şekildedir; depresyon grubu (60(48-72)), anksiyete bozuklukları grubu (71(58-84)) ve sağlıklı kontrol grubu (93(88-97)). Pearson korelasyon analizinde öz anlayışın en güçlü korelasyonu depresyon grubundaki benlik saygısı ile gösterdiği tespit edildi (r=0.594, p<0.001).
Sonuç: Sonuç olarak öz anlayışın depresyonda ve depresif semptomların eşlik ettiği anksiyete bozukluklarında psikolojik iyi oluş ve benlik saygısı ile gösterdiği güçlü korelasyonlardan dolayı ön plana alınmasının önemli olduğu görülmüştür.

Keywords

anksiyete bozuklukları depresyon öz saygı öz anlayış

References

  • 1. Neff K. Self-Compassion: An Alternative Conceptualization of a Healthy Attitude Toward Oneself. Self Identity. 2003;2:85–102.
  • 2. Ferrari M, Yap K, Scott N, Einstein DA, Ciarrochi J. Self-compassion moderates the perfectionism and depression link in both adolescence and adulthood. PLoS One. 2018;13(2):e0192022.
  • 3. Brophy K, Brähler E, Hinz A, Schmidt S, Körner A. The role of self-compassion in the relationship between attachment, depression, and quality of life. J Affect Disord. 2020;260:45–52.
  • 4. Muris P, Otgaar H, Pfattheicher S. Stripping the Forest from the Rotten Trees: Compassionate Self-Responding Is a Way of Coping, but Reduced Uncompassionate Self-Responding Mainly Reflects Psychopathology. Mindfulness (N Y). 2019;10(1):196–9.
  • 5. Krieger T, Altenstein D, Baettig I, Doerig N, Holtforth MG. Self-Compassion in Depression: Associations With Depressive Symptoms, Rumination, and Avoidance in Depressed Outpatients. Behav Ther. 2013;44(3):501–13.
  • 6. Krieger T, Berger T, Holtforth M grosse. The relationship of self-compassion and depression: Cross-lagged panel analyses in depressed patients after outpatient therapy. J Affect Disord. 2016;202:39–45.
  • 7. Van Dam NT, Sheppard SC, Forsyth JP, Earleywine M. Self-compassion is a better predictor than mindfulness of symptom severity and quality of life in mixed anxiety and depression. J Anxiety Disord. 2011;25:123–30.
  • 8. Proeve M, Anton R, Kenny M. Effects of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on shame, self-compassion and psychological distress in anxious and depressed patients: A pilot study. Psychol Psychother Theory, Res Pract. 2018;91:434–49.
  • 9. Luo Y, Meng R, Li J, Liu B, Cao X, Ge W. Self-compassion may reduce anxiety and depression in nursing students: a pathway through perceived stress. Public Health. 2019;174:1–10.
  • 10. Pauley G, McPherson S. The experience and meaning of compassion and self-compassion for individuals with depression or anxiety. Psychol Psychother Theory, Res Pract. 2010;83:129–43.
  • 11. Tafarodi RW, Swann WB. Self-Liking and Self-Competence as Dimensions of Global Self-Esteem: Initial Validation of a Measure. J Pers Assess. 1995;65(2):322–42.
  • 12. Tafarodi RW, Swann WB. Two-dimensional self-esteem: Theory and measurement. Pers Individ Dif. 2001;31:653–73.
  • 13. Neff KD. Self-compassion, self-esteem, and well-being. Soc Personal Psychol Compass. 2011;5(1):1–12.
  • 14. Muris P, Meesters C, Pierik A, de Kock B. Good for the Self: Self-Compassion and Other Self-Related Constructs in Relation to Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression in Non-clinical Youths. J Child Fam Stud. 2016;25:607–17.
  • 15. Donald JN, Ciarrochi J, Parker PD, Sahdra BK, Marshall SL, Guo J. A worthy self is a caring self: Examining the developmental relations between self-esteem and self-compassion in adolescents. J Pers. 2018;86(4):619–30. 16. Sowislo JF, Orth U. Does low self-esteem predict depression and anxiety? A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Psychol Bull. 2013;139(1):213–40.
  • 17. Keyes C, Shmotkin D, Ryff C. Optimizing well-being: the empirical encounter of two traditions. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2002;82(6):1007–22.
  • 18. Ryff CD. Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1989;57:1069–81.
  • 19. Zessin U, Dickhäuser O, Garbade S. The Relationship Between Self-Compassion and Well-Being: A Meta-Analysis. Appl Psychol Heal Well-Being. 2015;7(3):340–64.
  • 20. Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer RA. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1988;56:893–7.
  • 21. Ulusoy M, Sahin NH, Erkmen H. Turkish version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory: Psychometric properties. J Cogn Psychother An Int Q. 1998;12(2):163–72.
  • 22. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J. An Inventory for Measuring Depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1961;4:561–71.
  • 23. Hisli N. Beck Depresyon Envanterinin üniversite öğrencileri için geçerliği, güvenirliği. Psikol Derg. 1989;7(23):3–13.
  • 24. Diener E, Wirtz D, Tov W, Kim-Prieto C, Choi D won, Oishi S, et al. New well-being measures: Short scales to assess flourishing and positive and negative feelings. Soc Indic Res. 2010;97:143–56.
  • 25. Telef BB. Psikolojik İyi Oluş Ölçeği: Türkçeye Uyarlama, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması The Adaptation of Psychological Well-Being into Turkish: A Validity and Reliability Study. J Educ. 2013;28(3):374–84.
  • 26. Neff KD. The Development and Validation of a Scale to Measure Self-Compassion. Self Identity. 2003;2:223–50.
  • 27. Deniz ME, Kesici Ş, Sümer AS. The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the self-compassion scale. Soc Behav Pers. 2008;36(9):1151–60.
  • 28. Rosenberg M. Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton University Press. 1965;
  • 29. Çuhadaroğlu F. Adolesanlarda Benlik Saygısı. Uzmanlık Tezi,Hacettepe Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Psikiyatri Anabilim Dalı, Ankara. 1986.
  • 30. Pérez-Aranda A, García-Campayo J, Gude F, Luciano J V., Feliu-Soler A, González-Quintela A, et al. Impact of mindfulness and self-compassion on anxiety and depression: The mediating role of resilience. Int J Clin Heal Psychol. 2021;21(2):100229.
  • 31. Baker DA, Caswell HL, Eccles FJR. Self-compassion and depression, anxiety, and resilience in adults with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2019;90:154–61.
  • 32. Manna G, Falgares G, Ingoglia S, Como M, De Santis S. The relationship between self-esteem, depression and anxiety: Comparing vulnerability and scar model in the Italian context. Mediterr J Clin Psychol. 2016;4(3):1–17.
  • 33. Ozcan H, Subasi B, Budak B, Celik M, Gurel S, Yildiz M. Relationship between self-esteem, social appearance anxiety, depression and anxiety in adolescent and young adult women. J Mood Disord. 2013;3(3):107–13.
  • 34. Stikkelbroek Y, Bodden DHM, Kleinjan M, Reijnders M, Van Baar AL. Adolescent depression and negative life events, the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation. PLoS One. 2016;11:e0161062.
  • 35. Akbulut CA. Evaluating emotion regulation processes of depression. Klin Psikiyatr Derg. 2018;21:184–92.
  • 36. Catarizaro SJ, Mearns J. Measuring Generalized Expectancies for Negative Mood Regulation: Initial Scale Development and Implications. J Pers Assess. 1990;54:546–63.
  • 37. Barnard LK, Curry JF. Self-Compassion: Conceptualizations, Correlates, & Interventions. Rev Gen Psychol. 2011;15(4):289–303.

Self-Compassion in Depression and Anxiety Disorders

Year 2023, Volume: 15 Issue: 1, 78 - 85, 15.03.2023

Betül Kurtses Gürsoy Ayşe Zeynep Akkoyun

https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.1202613

Abstract

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the levels of self-compassion, psychological well-being and self-esteem in patients with depression and anxiety disorders and the relationship between them.
Methods: 100 depression, 100 anxiety disorder patients who applied to XXXX Psychiatry outpatient clinic and agreed to participate in the study voluntarily and 100 healthy controls were included in the study. Sociodemographic data form, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWBS), Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) were applied to the participants.
Results: According to the findings of the scales applied to all groups, there was a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of well-being, self-esteem, and self-understanding (p<0.001). The distribution of median values (m(Q1-Q3)) of self-understanding levels by groups is as follows; depression group (60(48-72)), anxiety disorders group (71(58-84)) and healthy control group (93(88-97)). In the Pearson correlation analysis, it was determined that self-compassion showed the strongest correlation with self-esteem in the depression group (r=0.594, p<0.001).
Conclusions: As a result, it has been determined that it is critical to bring self-compassion to the forefront of the strong correlations this demonstrates with psychological well-being and self-esteem in depression and anxiety disorders accompanied by depressive symptoms.

Keywords

anxiety disorders depression self-esteem self-compassion

References

  • 1. Neff K. Self-Compassion: An Alternative Conceptualization of a Healthy Attitude Toward Oneself. Self Identity. 2003;2:85–102.
  • 2. Ferrari M, Yap K, Scott N, Einstein DA, Ciarrochi J. Self-compassion moderates the perfectionism and depression link in both adolescence and adulthood. PLoS One. 2018;13(2):e0192022.
  • 3. Brophy K, Brähler E, Hinz A, Schmidt S, Körner A. The role of self-compassion in the relationship between attachment, depression, and quality of life. J Affect Disord. 2020;260:45–52.
  • 4. Muris P, Otgaar H, Pfattheicher S. Stripping the Forest from the Rotten Trees: Compassionate Self-Responding Is a Way of Coping, but Reduced Uncompassionate Self-Responding Mainly Reflects Psychopathology. Mindfulness (N Y). 2019;10(1):196–9.
  • 5. Krieger T, Altenstein D, Baettig I, Doerig N, Holtforth MG. Self-Compassion in Depression: Associations With Depressive Symptoms, Rumination, and Avoidance in Depressed Outpatients. Behav Ther. 2013;44(3):501–13.
  • 6. Krieger T, Berger T, Holtforth M grosse. The relationship of self-compassion and depression: Cross-lagged panel analyses in depressed patients after outpatient therapy. J Affect Disord. 2016;202:39–45.
  • 7. Van Dam NT, Sheppard SC, Forsyth JP, Earleywine M. Self-compassion is a better predictor than mindfulness of symptom severity and quality of life in mixed anxiety and depression. J Anxiety Disord. 2011;25:123–30.
  • 8. Proeve M, Anton R, Kenny M. Effects of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on shame, self-compassion and psychological distress in anxious and depressed patients: A pilot study. Psychol Psychother Theory, Res Pract. 2018;91:434–49.
  • 9. Luo Y, Meng R, Li J, Liu B, Cao X, Ge W. Self-compassion may reduce anxiety and depression in nursing students: a pathway through perceived stress. Public Health. 2019;174:1–10.
  • 10. Pauley G, McPherson S. The experience and meaning of compassion and self-compassion for individuals with depression or anxiety. Psychol Psychother Theory, Res Pract. 2010;83:129–43.
  • 11. Tafarodi RW, Swann WB. Self-Liking and Self-Competence as Dimensions of Global Self-Esteem: Initial Validation of a Measure. J Pers Assess. 1995;65(2):322–42.
  • 12. Tafarodi RW, Swann WB. Two-dimensional self-esteem: Theory and measurement. Pers Individ Dif. 2001;31:653–73.
  • 13. Neff KD. Self-compassion, self-esteem, and well-being. Soc Personal Psychol Compass. 2011;5(1):1–12.
  • 14. Muris P, Meesters C, Pierik A, de Kock B. Good for the Self: Self-Compassion and Other Self-Related Constructs in Relation to Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression in Non-clinical Youths. J Child Fam Stud. 2016;25:607–17.
  • 15. Donald JN, Ciarrochi J, Parker PD, Sahdra BK, Marshall SL, Guo J. A worthy self is a caring self: Examining the developmental relations between self-esteem and self-compassion in adolescents. J Pers. 2018;86(4):619–30. 16. Sowislo JF, Orth U. Does low self-esteem predict depression and anxiety? A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Psychol Bull. 2013;139(1):213–40.
  • 17. Keyes C, Shmotkin D, Ryff C. Optimizing well-being: the empirical encounter of two traditions. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2002;82(6):1007–22.
  • 18. Ryff CD. Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1989;57:1069–81.
  • 19. Zessin U, Dickhäuser O, Garbade S. The Relationship Between Self-Compassion and Well-Being: A Meta-Analysis. Appl Psychol Heal Well-Being. 2015;7(3):340–64.
  • 20. Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer RA. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1988;56:893–7.
  • 21. Ulusoy M, Sahin NH, Erkmen H. Turkish version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory: Psychometric properties. J Cogn Psychother An Int Q. 1998;12(2):163–72.
  • 22. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J. An Inventory for Measuring Depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1961;4:561–71.
  • 23. Hisli N. Beck Depresyon Envanterinin üniversite öğrencileri için geçerliği, güvenirliği. Psikol Derg. 1989;7(23):3–13.
  • 24. Diener E, Wirtz D, Tov W, Kim-Prieto C, Choi D won, Oishi S, et al. New well-being measures: Short scales to assess flourishing and positive and negative feelings. Soc Indic Res. 2010;97:143–56.
  • 25. Telef BB. Psikolojik İyi Oluş Ölçeği: Türkçeye Uyarlama, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması The Adaptation of Psychological Well-Being into Turkish: A Validity and Reliability Study. J Educ. 2013;28(3):374–84.
  • 26. Neff KD. The Development and Validation of a Scale to Measure Self-Compassion. Self Identity. 2003;2:223–50.
  • 27. Deniz ME, Kesici Ş, Sümer AS. The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the self-compassion scale. Soc Behav Pers. 2008;36(9):1151–60.
  • 28. Rosenberg M. Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton University Press. 1965;
  • 29. Çuhadaroğlu F. Adolesanlarda Benlik Saygısı. Uzmanlık Tezi,Hacettepe Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Psikiyatri Anabilim Dalı, Ankara. 1986.
  • 30. Pérez-Aranda A, García-Campayo J, Gude F, Luciano J V., Feliu-Soler A, González-Quintela A, et al. Impact of mindfulness and self-compassion on anxiety and depression: The mediating role of resilience. Int J Clin Heal Psychol. 2021;21(2):100229.
  • 31. Baker DA, Caswell HL, Eccles FJR. Self-compassion and depression, anxiety, and resilience in adults with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2019;90:154–61.
  • 32. Manna G, Falgares G, Ingoglia S, Como M, De Santis S. The relationship between self-esteem, depression and anxiety: Comparing vulnerability and scar model in the Italian context. Mediterr J Clin Psychol. 2016;4(3):1–17.
  • 33. Ozcan H, Subasi B, Budak B, Celik M, Gurel S, Yildiz M. Relationship between self-esteem, social appearance anxiety, depression and anxiety in adolescent and young adult women. J Mood Disord. 2013;3(3):107–13.
  • 34. Stikkelbroek Y, Bodden DHM, Kleinjan M, Reijnders M, Van Baar AL. Adolescent depression and negative life events, the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation. PLoS One. 2016;11:e0161062.
  • 35. Akbulut CA. Evaluating emotion regulation processes of depression. Klin Psikiyatr Derg. 2018;21:184–92.
  • 36. Catarizaro SJ, Mearns J. Measuring Generalized Expectancies for Negative Mood Regulation: Initial Scale Development and Implications. J Pers Assess. 1990;54:546–63.
  • 37. Barnard LK, Curry JF. Self-Compassion: Conceptualizations, Correlates, & Interventions. Rev Gen Psychol. 2011;15(4):289–303.
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Betül Kurtses Gürsoy 0000-0002-1261-0848

Ayşe Zeynep Akkoyun 0000-0001-6742-8042

Publication Date March 15, 2023
Acceptance Date February 1, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 15 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Kurtses Gürsoy, B., & Akkoyun, A. Z. (2023). Self-Compassion in Depression and Anxiety Disorders. Konuralp Medical Journal, 15(1), 78-85. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.1202613
AMA Kurtses Gürsoy B, Akkoyun AZ. Self-Compassion in Depression and Anxiety Disorders. Konuralp Medical Journal. March 2023;15(1):78-85. doi:10.18521/ktd.1202613
Chicago Kurtses Gürsoy, Betül, and Ayşe Zeynep Akkoyun. “Self-Compassion in Depression and Anxiety Disorders”. Konuralp Medical Journal 15, no. 1 (March 2023): 78-85. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.1202613.
EndNote Kurtses Gürsoy B, Akkoyun AZ (March 1, 2023) Self-Compassion in Depression and Anxiety Disorders. Konuralp Medical Journal 15 1 78–85.
IEEE B. Kurtses Gürsoy and A. Z. Akkoyun, “Self-Compassion in Depression and Anxiety Disorders”, Konuralp Medical Journal, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 78–85, 2023, doi: 10.18521/ktd.1202613.
ISNAD Kurtses Gürsoy, Betül - Akkoyun, Ayşe Zeynep. “Self-Compassion in Depression and Anxiety Disorders”. Konuralp Medical Journal 15/1 (March 2023), 78-85. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.1202613.
JAMA Kurtses Gürsoy B, Akkoyun AZ. Self-Compassion in Depression and Anxiety Disorders. Konuralp Medical Journal. 2023;15:78–85.
MLA Kurtses Gürsoy, Betül and Ayşe Zeynep Akkoyun. “Self-Compassion in Depression and Anxiety Disorders”. Konuralp Medical Journal, vol. 15, no. 1, 2023, pp. 78-85, doi:10.18521/ktd.1202613.
Vancouver Kurtses Gürsoy B, Akkoyun AZ. Self-Compassion in Depression and Anxiety Disorders. Konuralp Medical Journal. 2023;15(1):78-85.
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