Abstract
İşletmeler, küresel dünyanın katı rekabet ortamına uyum
sağlayabilmek ve ayakta kalabilmek için kârlılıklarını arttırmak zorundadırlar.
Karlılığı arttırmanın akla gelen ilk uygulaması ürün fiyatlarının arttırılması
düşüncesidir. Ancak uzun vadede beklenen kalite düzeyine eşlik eden fiyat
müşteri için belirleyicidir. Bu zorlayıcı fiyat faktörü nedeni ile işletmeler
öncelikle metot etüdü, kaizen gibi çalışmalarla sürekli olarak süreci optimize
ederek maliyeti düşürme yollarını tercih etmektedirler. Sürecin optimize
edilmesinin odağında ise öncelikle etkin ve verimli bir fiziksel yerleşim
düzeninin tasarlanması yer almaktadır. Bu amaçla endüstriyel gıda üretim
makineleri üreten bir fabrikada yerleşim analiz edilmiştir. İşletme siparişe
göre proje tipi üretim yapmakta ve müşterilerden gelen talebe göre ürün
özellikleri ve ölçüleri sürekli değişiklik gösterebilmektedir. Dolayısı ile
ürünlerin bir standardı bulunmamaktadır. İşletme ilk kurulduğunda, bu durum göz
önüne alınıp mevcut yerleşim düzeninde sürece göre yerleşim ilkesi
benimsenmiştir. Ancak talepteki hızlı değişim, proje bazlı uzun çevrim
sürelerine eşlik eden ürün çeşitliliği ve müşterilerin kısa teslim süresi
beklentisi, taşıma maliyetlerini arttırmıştır. Malzeme ve yarı mamul taşıma
maliyetlerindeki bu artış yerleşim düzeninin revize edilmesini zorunlu
kılmıştır. Bu nedenle işgücü, malzeme, makine ve teçhizat gibi kaynakların
etkin kullanımını sağlamak ve toplam malzeme taşıma maliyetini en aza indirmek
için, WinQSB ve Excel.xla araçları ile yeni yerleşim planı geliştirilmiştir.
Mevcut ve optimize edilmiş yeni yerleşim planı malzeme taşıma maliyeti
sonuçları karşılaştırmalı olarak gösterilmiştir.
References
- [1] S. Heragu," Layout Planning Models and Design Algotirthms", Facilities design, PWS Publishing, Boston, 1997.
- [2] Tompkins JA, White JA, Bozer YA, Tanchoco JMA, Facilities planning. Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 298-357.
- [3] S.P. Singh, R.R. Sharma, A review of different approaches to the facility layout problems, Int.J. Adv. Manuf. Technol ., vol. 30, no.5, pp. 425–433, Sep., 2006.
- [4] M. Mohammadi ,K. Forghani , A novel approach for considering layout problem in cellular manufacturing systems with alternative processing routings and subcontracting approach, Appl.Math.Model., vol.38, no.14, pp.3624–3640, 2014.
- [ 5] Winston WL, Introduction to mathematical programming: applications&algorithms. PWS-KENT, Boston, 1991.
- [6] I. Jankovits, C. Luo, M.F. Anjos, A.Vannelli, A convex optimization framework for the unequal areas facility layout problem, Eur.J.Oper.Res. vol.214, no.2, pp.199–215, 2011.
- [7] S.Kulturel Konak, A. Konak, Unequal area flexible bay facility layout using ant colony optimization, Int.J.Prod.Res. vol. 49, no.7, pp. 1877–1902, 2011.
- [8] Muther, R., Systematic Layout Planning, 2nd ed., Cahners Books, Boston, 1973.
- [9] Yang, T., Kuo, C. , “A Hierarchical AHP/DEA Methodology for the Facilities Layout Design Problem”, European Journal of Operational Research , vol.147, no.1, pp.128-136 , May. 2003.
- [10]G.Aiello,G.L.Scalia,M.Enea,Amultiobjectivegeneticalgorithmforthefacilitylayoutproblembaseduponslicingstructureencoding, Expert Syst. Appl. vol.39, no.12, pp.10352–10358, Sept.2012.
- [11] Ghorbanali Moslemipour & Tian Soon Lee & Dirk Rilling, A reviewof intelligent approaches for designing dynamic and robust layouts in flexible manufacturing systems Int J Adv Manuf Technol vol.60, no.1, pp.11–27, April 2012.
- [12] Francis RL, McGinnis LF, White JA , Facility layout and location, an analytical approach, 2nd edn. Prentice-Hall, New Delhi , 2009.
- [13] Kusiak A, Heragu S., Thefacility layout problem. Eur JOperationRes vol.29, no.3, pp. 229–251, June 1987
- [14] Scholz D, Petrick A, Domschke W, STaTS: a slicingtreeand tabu searchbasedheuristicfortheunequalareafacility layout problem. Eur J OperRes vol. 197, no.1, pp.166–178, 2009.
- [15] Liggett RS., The quadratic assignment problem: an experimental evaluation of solution strategies. Manag. Sci,. vol.27, no.4, pp. 442–458, 1981.
- [16]K.G.Ramakrishnan,M.G.Resende,P.M.Pardalos, "A branch and bound algorithm for the quadratic assignment problem using a lower bound based on linear programming" in State oft he Art in Global Optimization, vol.7, C.A.Floudas, P.M.Pardalos (Eds.), Springer, US, 1996, pp. 57–73.
- [17] P.M. Pardalos,H.Wolkowicz (1994), Quadratic Assignment and Related Problems: DIMACS Workshop, American Mathematical Society, vol.16. [Online]. Available: http://dimacs.rutgers.edu/Volumes/Vol16.html
- [18] P.M.Pardalos, D. Du, (1998), Network design: connectivity and facilities location: DIMACS Workshop, American Mathematical Society, vol.40. [Online]. Available: http://dimacs.rutgers.edu/Volumes/Vol40.html
- [19] P.M. Pardalos,L.Pitsoulis, Nonlinear assignment problems: algorithms and applications, Springer, US, 2013.
- [20] Loiola EM, Abreu NMM A survey for the quadratic assignment problem. Eur J OperRes, vol. 176, pp.657–690, 2007.
- J.A.Bland,G.P.Dawson, Large scale layout of facilities using a heuristic hybrid algorithm, Appl.Math.Model., vol.18, no.9, pp.500–503, 1994.
- A.Kusiak,S.S.Heragu, The facility layout problem, Eur.J.Oper. Res. vol.29, no.3, pp. 229–251, 1987.
- Drira A, Pierreval H, Hajri-Gabouj S (2007) Facilitylayoutproblems: a survey. Annu. Rev Control 31:255–267
- Raymond A., "Plant Layout and Material Handlings", Materials handling handbook, Kulviec, USA:John Wiley&Sons, Inc, 1985, pp. 30.
Abstract
Businesses have to increase
their profitability in orderto be able to adapt to the global competitive
environment and survive. The first application that comes to mind of increasing
profitability is the idea of increasing product prices. However, the price that
accompanies the expected level of quality in the long run is determinant for
the customer. Because of this compelling price factor, plants prefer to use
methods such as method study, kaizen to reduce costs by continuously optimizing
the process. The focus of optimizing the process is primarily to design an
effective and efficient physical layout. For this purpose, manufacturing layout
in a plant that produces industrial food production machines was analyzed. The
company produces project-based production according to the order, and product
characteristics and measurements can vary constantly according to customer
demand. Therefore, there is no standard for the products. When the layout was
first established, this situation was taken into consideration and the process
layout principle was in the existing layout pattern. However, the rapid change
in demand, the product variety that accompanies project-based long cycle times
and the expectation of short delivery times have raised total cost of material
handling. This increase in the cost of material and semi-finished goods has
obliged to revise the layout. Therefore, a new optimized layout plan has been
developed with WinQSB and Excel.xla tools to ensure effective use of resources
such as labor, materials, machinery and equipment and to reduce total cost of material
handling. The present and optimized new layout plan material handling costs are
shown comparatively.
Keywords
References
- [1] S. Heragu," Layout Planning Models and Design Algotirthms", Facilities design, PWS Publishing, Boston, 1997.
- [2] Tompkins JA, White JA, Bozer YA, Tanchoco JMA, Facilities planning. Wiley, New York, 2003, pp. 298-357.
- [3] S.P. Singh, R.R. Sharma, A review of different approaches to the facility layout problems, Int.J. Adv. Manuf. Technol ., vol. 30, no.5, pp. 425–433, Sep., 2006.
- [4] M. Mohammadi ,K. Forghani , A novel approach for considering layout problem in cellular manufacturing systems with alternative processing routings and subcontracting approach, Appl.Math.Model., vol.38, no.14, pp.3624–3640, 2014.
- [ 5] Winston WL, Introduction to mathematical programming: applications&algorithms. PWS-KENT, Boston, 1991.
- [6] I. Jankovits, C. Luo, M.F. Anjos, A.Vannelli, A convex optimization framework for the unequal areas facility layout problem, Eur.J.Oper.Res. vol.214, no.2, pp.199–215, 2011.
- [7] S.Kulturel Konak, A. Konak, Unequal area flexible bay facility layout using ant colony optimization, Int.J.Prod.Res. vol. 49, no.7, pp. 1877–1902, 2011.
- [8] Muther, R., Systematic Layout Planning, 2nd ed., Cahners Books, Boston, 1973.
- [9] Yang, T., Kuo, C. , “A Hierarchical AHP/DEA Methodology for the Facilities Layout Design Problem”, European Journal of Operational Research , vol.147, no.1, pp.128-136 , May. 2003.
- [10]G.Aiello,G.L.Scalia,M.Enea,Amultiobjectivegeneticalgorithmforthefacilitylayoutproblembaseduponslicingstructureencoding, Expert Syst. Appl. vol.39, no.12, pp.10352–10358, Sept.2012.
- [11] Ghorbanali Moslemipour & Tian Soon Lee & Dirk Rilling, A reviewof intelligent approaches for designing dynamic and robust layouts in flexible manufacturing systems Int J Adv Manuf Technol vol.60, no.1, pp.11–27, April 2012.
- [12] Francis RL, McGinnis LF, White JA , Facility layout and location, an analytical approach, 2nd edn. Prentice-Hall, New Delhi , 2009.
- [13] Kusiak A, Heragu S., Thefacility layout problem. Eur JOperationRes vol.29, no.3, pp. 229–251, June 1987
- [14] Scholz D, Petrick A, Domschke W, STaTS: a slicingtreeand tabu searchbasedheuristicfortheunequalareafacility layout problem. Eur J OperRes vol. 197, no.1, pp.166–178, 2009.
- [15] Liggett RS., The quadratic assignment problem: an experimental evaluation of solution strategies. Manag. Sci,. vol.27, no.4, pp. 442–458, 1981.
- [16]K.G.Ramakrishnan,M.G.Resende,P.M.Pardalos, "A branch and bound algorithm for the quadratic assignment problem using a lower bound based on linear programming" in State oft he Art in Global Optimization, vol.7, C.A.Floudas, P.M.Pardalos (Eds.), Springer, US, 1996, pp. 57–73.
- [17] P.M. Pardalos,H.Wolkowicz (1994), Quadratic Assignment and Related Problems: DIMACS Workshop, American Mathematical Society, vol.16. [Online]. Available: http://dimacs.rutgers.edu/Volumes/Vol16.html
- [18] P.M.Pardalos, D. Du, (1998), Network design: connectivity and facilities location: DIMACS Workshop, American Mathematical Society, vol.40. [Online]. Available: http://dimacs.rutgers.edu/Volumes/Vol40.html
- [19] P.M. Pardalos,L.Pitsoulis, Nonlinear assignment problems: algorithms and applications, Springer, US, 2013.
- [20] Loiola EM, Abreu NMM A survey for the quadratic assignment problem. Eur J OperRes, vol. 176, pp.657–690, 2007.
- J.A.Bland,G.P.Dawson, Large scale layout of facilities using a heuristic hybrid algorithm, Appl.Math.Model., vol.18, no.9, pp.500–503, 1994.
- A.Kusiak,S.S.Heragu, The facility layout problem, Eur.J.Oper. Res. vol.29, no.3, pp. 229–251, 1987.
- Drira A, Pierreval H, Hajri-Gabouj S (2007) Facilitylayoutproblems: a survey. Annu. Rev Control 31:255–267
- Raymond A., "Plant Layout and Material Handlings", Materials handling handbook, Kulviec, USA:John Wiley&Sons, Inc, 1985, pp. 30.
Details
| Subjects | Industrial Engineering |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | October 1, 2017 |
| Submission Date | January 3, 2017 |
| Acceptance Date | June 1, 2017 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2017 Volume: 21 Issue: 5 |
Cite
Cited By
KONTEYNER TERMİNALİ YERLEŞİM PLANININ METOT ETÜDÜ İLE İNCELENMESİ
Mersin Üniversitesi Denizcilik ve Lojistik Araştırmaları Dergisi
https://doi.org/10.54410/denlojad.1120499
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.