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Geleceğin İletişiminde Yapay Zekâ Sohbet Robotları: Ekşi Sözlük Girdilerinin İçerik Analizi

Year 2024, Issue: Cumhuriyetin 100. Yılında Geleceğin İletişimi Özel Sayısı, 30 - 54, 18.03.2024

Doğan Can Gazaz Gamze Gazaz

https://doi.org/10.17829/turcom.1360268

Abstract

Modern anlamda, tarihi 2. Dünya Savaşı’na uzanan yapay zekâ, 2000’li yıllardan sonra günlük kullanımdaki dijital aletlere entegre edilmeye başlamıştır. Ancak bu teknolojiler yalnızca içeriğinde yapay zekâ destekli uygulama bulunan aletlere sahip insanlar tarafından deneyimlenebilmiştir. 30 Kasım 2022 tarihinde OpenAI firması tarafından ChatGPT adıyla kitlesel kullanıma sunulan sohbet robotu ile yapay zekâ kişisel ve profesyonel işlerde kullanılabilir hale gelmiştir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı, kitlelerin yapay zekâ sohbet robotuna yönelik deneyimlerini Ekşi Sözlük girdileri kapsamında sorgulayarak geleceğin iletişiminde yapay zekânın yerini tartışmaktır. Bu kapsamda, Ekşi Sözlük’te yer alan “ChatGPT” başlığından 30 Kasım 2022 – 28 Ağustos 2023 tarih aralığındaki tüm girdiler (4233 adet), Python dili ile oluşturulan algoritma ile alınmıştır. Üçer aylık dönemlere ayrılan veri seti, metin madenciliği teknikleriyle temizlenerek duygu analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ardından dönemlik en fazla harf karakterine sahip toplamda 600 adet girdi, içerik analizi için örneklem olarak belirlenmiştir. İçerik analizi sonrası sonuçlar, dönemsel olarak karşılaştırıldı ve yapay zekâya yönelik pozitif içerikli kategorilerin negatif içeriklere göre baskın olduğu bulgulanmıştır.

Keywords

Yapay zekâ ChatGPT İletişim Ekşi Sözlük Duygu analiz

References

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  • Ajitha, P., & Nagra, A. (2021). An overview of artificial intelligence in automobile industry – a case study on Tesla cars. Solid State Technology, 64(2).
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  • Biwas, S. S. (2023b). Potential use of chat gpt in global warming. Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 51(6), 1126- 1127. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439.023.03171-8
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  • Cheng, Y., & Jiang, H. (2020). How do AI-driven chatbots impact user experience? Examining gratifications, perceived privacy risk, satisfaction, loyalty, and continued use. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 64(4), 592-614. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838.151.2020.1834296
  • Cheung, C. W., Tsang, I. I., & Wong, K. H. (2017). Robot avatar: A virtual tourism robot for people with disabilities. International Journal of Computer Theory And Engineering, 9(3). https://doi.org/10.7763/ ijcte.2017.v9.1143
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  • Kırık, A. M., & Özkoçak, V. (2023). Medya ve iletişim bağlamında yapay zekâ tarihi ve teknolojisi: Chatgpt ve deepfake ile gelen dijital dönüşüm. Karadeniz Uluslararası Bilimsel Dergi(58), 73-99. https://doi. org/10.17498/kdeniz.1308471
  • Koçak, A., & Arun, Ö. (2006). İçerik analizi çalışmalarında örneklem sorunu. Selçuk İletişim, 4(3), 21-28. Koçyiğit, A. (2022). Sosyal medya ve algı yönetimi. Eğitim Yayınevi.
  • Küçüker, M. (2023). Muhasebede yapay zekâ uygulamaları: ChatGPT’nin muhasebe sınavı. Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 33(2), 875-888.
  • Kunming, C., Zaijie, S., Yongbin, H., Shuqin, G., & Haiyang, W. (2023). The potential impact of ChatGPT/ GPT-4 on surgery: Will it topple the profession of surgeons? International Journal of Surgey, 119, 1545- 1547. https://doi.org/10.1097/JS9.000.000.0000000388
  • Kushmar, L. V., Vornachev, A. O., Korobova, I. O., & Kaida, N. O. (2022). Artificial intelligence in language learning: What are we afraid of. Arab World English Journal (AWEJ), 8(Special Issue on CALL), 262-273. https://doi.org/10.24093/awej/call8.18
  • Lo, K. C. (2023). What is the impact of ChatGPT on education? A rapid review of the literature. Education Sciences, 13(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13040410
  • Matias, R. (2023, 06 01). PR and AI: 21 ways artificial intelligence is changing the PR game. prlab: https://prlab. co/blog/uses-of-ai-in-public-relations/ adresinden alındı
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  • McCarthy, J., Minsky, M. L., Rochester, N., & Shannon, C. E. (2006). A proposal for the dartmouth summer research project on artificial intelligence, august 31, 1955. AI magazine, 27(4), 12.
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  • Nerdynav. (2023, 08 05). 103+ ChatGPT statistics & user numbers in aug 2023 (new data). nerdynav: https:// nerdynav.com/chatgpt-statistics/#google_vignette adresinden alındı
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  • Sætra , H. S. (2023). Generative AI: Here to stay, but for good? Technology in Society(75). https://doi.org/10.1016/j. techsoc.2023.102372
  • Sarıel, S. (2017). Günümüzde yapay zeka. M. Karaca içinde, İnsanlaşan makineler ve yapay zeka (ss. 21-25). İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Vakfı Dergisi.
  • Say, C. (2018). 50 soruda yapay zeka. 7 Renk Basım Yayın.
  • Schukow, C. D., Smith, S. C., Landgrebe, E., Parasuraman, S., Folaranmi, O. O., Paner, G. P., & Amin, M. B. (2023). Application of ChatGPT in routine diagnostic pathology: Promises, pitfalls, and potential future directions. Advances in anatomic pathology, 10-1097. https://doi.org/10.1097/PAP.000.000.0000000406
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  • Schwendicke, F., Samek, W., & Krois, J. (2020). Artificial intelligence in dentistry: Chances and challenges. Journal of dental research, 99(7), 769-774. https://doi.org/10.1177/002.203.4520915714
  • Şentürk, Ö. (2023). İç denetim faaliyetlerinde yapay zekadan beklentiler: ChatGPT uygulaması örneği. TIDE AcademIA Research, 2(4), 51-82.
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Artificial Intelligence Chatbots in Future Communication: Content Analysis of Eksi Sozluk Entries

Year 2024, Issue: Cumhuriyetin 100. Yılında Geleceğin İletişimi Özel Sayısı, 30 - 54, 18.03.2024

Doğan Can Gazaz Gamze Gazaz

https://doi.org/10.17829/turcom.1360268

Abstract

In the contemporary era, artificial intelligence began to be incorporated into everyday digital devices after the 2000s, although its origins can be traced back to World War II. However, access to these technologies was limited to individuals who owned devices equipped with AI-supported applications. On November 30, 2022, OpenAI launched ChatGPT, a chatbot designed for widespread use, thereby democratizing access to artificial intelligence for personal and professional purposes. This study aims to explore the role of artificial intelligence in future communication by examining public perceptions of the ChatGPT chatbot, as reflected in entries on Ekşi Sözlük. A total of 4,233 entries under the title “ChatGPT” on Ekşi Sözlük between November 30, 2022, and August 28, 2023, were collected using a Python algorithm. The dataset was then divided into quarterly periods, cleaned using text mining techniques, and subjected to sentiment analysis. Subsequently, 600 entries with the highest number of characters per period were selected for content analysis. The results of the content analysis revealed a prevalence of positive sentiments towards artificial intelligence, outweighing negative sentiments across all periods examined.

Keywords

Artifical intelligence ChatGPT Communication Eksi Sozluk Sentiment analysis

References

  • Acar, O. (2020). Yapay zeka fırsat mı yoksa tehdit mi?. Kriter Yayınevi.
  • Ajitha, P., & Nagra, A. (2021). An overview of artificial intelligence in automobile industry – a case study on Tesla cars. Solid State Technology, 64(2).
  • Allen, J. (2021, 10 04). 10 years of Siri: the history of Apple’s voice assistant. techradar: https://www.techradar. com/news/siri-10-year-anniversary adresinden alındı
  • Altun, D. (2019). Sanal gerçeklik ve yapay zeka. G. Telli içinde, Yapay Zeka ve Gelecek (ss. 139-157). Doğu Kitapevi.
  • Aydın, İ. H., & Değirmenci, C. H. (2018). Yapay zekâ. Girdap Yayınları.
  • Azaria, A. (2022). ChatGPT usage and limitations. HAL Open Science, 1-9. https://hal.science/hal-03913837/ adresinden alındı
  • Biswas , S. S. (2023a). Role of chat gpt in public health. Annals of biomedical engineering, 51(5), 868-869. https:// doi.org/10.1007/s10439.023.03172-7
  • Biwas, S. S. (2023b). Potential use of chat gpt in global warming. Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 51(6), 1126- 1127. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439.023.03171-8
  • Britannica. (t.y.). Alan Turing and the beginning of AI. Britannica: https://www.britannica.com/technology/ artificial-intelligence/Nouvelle-AI adresinden alındı
  • Castells, M. (2013). Ağ toplumunun yükselişi / enformasyon çağı: Ekonomi, toplum ve kültür (3. b.). (E. Kılıç, Çev.) İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Cheng, Y., & Jiang, H. (2020). How do AI-driven chatbots impact user experience? Examining gratifications, perceived privacy risk, satisfaction, loyalty, and continued use. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 64(4), 592-614. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838.151.2020.1834296
  • Cheung, C. W., Tsang, I. I., & Wong, K. H. (2017). Robot avatar: A virtual tourism robot for people with disabilities. International Journal of Computer Theory And Engineering, 9(3). https://doi.org/10.7763/ ijcte.2017.v9.1143
  • Denecke, K., Abd-Alrazaq, A., & Househ, M. (2021). Artificial intelligence for chatbots in mental health: Opportunities and challenges. M. Househ, E. Borycki, & A. Kushniruk (Dü) içinde, Multiple perspectives on artificial intelligence in healthcare (ss. 115-128). Springer.
  • Duarte, F. (2023, 07 13). Number of ChatGPT users (2023). explodingtopics: https://explodingtopics.com/blog/ chatgpt-users adresinden alındı
  • Erul, E., & Işın, A. (2023). ChatGPT ile sohbetler: Turizmde ChatGPT’nin önemi (chats with ChatGPT). Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 11(1), 780-793. https://doi.org/10.21325/jotags.2023.1217
  • Fairfield, N. (2020, 04 22). In the driver’s seat: Footage from our 2009-2010 1,000 autonomous mile challenge. waymo: https://waymo.com/blog/2020/04/in-the-drivers-seat-1000-mile-challenge.html adresinden alındı
  • Fatani, B. (2023). ChatGPT for future medical and dental research. Cureus, 15(4), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.7759/ cureus.37285
  • Ferber, J. (1999). Multi-Agent system: An introduction to distributed artificial intelligence. Addison-Wesley Professional.
  • Flensted, T. (2023, 08 23). How many languages does ChatGPT support? The complete ChatGPT language list. seo. ai: https://seo.ai/blog/how-many-languages-does-chatgpt-support#:~:text=ChatGPT%20knows%20 at%20least%2095,such%20as%20Python%20and%20Javascript. adresinden alındı
  • Fong, T., Nourbakhsh, I., & Dautenhahn, K. (2002). A survey of socially interactive robots: Concepts, design, and applications. The Robotics Institute Carnegie Mellon University.
  • George, A. S., George, A. S., & Martin, A. G. (2023). A review of ChatGPT AI’s impact on several business sectors. Partners Universal International Innovation Journal (PUIIJ), 1(1), 9-23. https://doi.org/10.5281/ zenodo.7644359
  • Google Akademik. (2023, 11 01). Google akademik. Google: https://scholar.google.com/scholar?as_ ylo=2023&q=artificial+intelligence&hl=tr&as_sdt=0,5 adresinden alındı
  • Huang, M.-H., & Rust, R. T. (2018). Artificial Intelligence in service. Journal of Service Research, 21(2), 155-172. https://doi.org/10.1177/109.467.0517752459
  • Jeremy, K. (2020). Artificial intelligence and education in China. Learning, Media and Technology, 45(3), 298- 311. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439.884.2020.1754236
  • Kautz, H. A. (2021). The third AI summer: AAAI Robert S. Engelmore Memorial Lecture. AI Magazine, 43, 105- 125. https://doi.org/10.1002/aaai.12036
  • Kietzmann, J., Paschen, J., & Treen, E. (2018). Artificial intelligence in advertising: How marketers can leverage artificial intelligence along the consumer journey. Journal of Advertising Research, 58(3), 263-267. https://doi.org/10.2501/JAR-2018-035
  • Kırık, A. M., & Özkoçak, V. (2023). Medya ve iletişim bağlamında yapay zekâ tarihi ve teknolojisi: Chatgpt ve deepfake ile gelen dijital dönüşüm. Karadeniz Uluslararası Bilimsel Dergi(58), 73-99. https://doi. org/10.17498/kdeniz.1308471
  • Koçak, A., & Arun, Ö. (2006). İçerik analizi çalışmalarında örneklem sorunu. Selçuk İletişim, 4(3), 21-28. Koçyiğit, A. (2022). Sosyal medya ve algı yönetimi. Eğitim Yayınevi.
  • Küçüker, M. (2023). Muhasebede yapay zekâ uygulamaları: ChatGPT’nin muhasebe sınavı. Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 33(2), 875-888.
  • Kunming, C., Zaijie, S., Yongbin, H., Shuqin, G., & Haiyang, W. (2023). The potential impact of ChatGPT/ GPT-4 on surgery: Will it topple the profession of surgeons? International Journal of Surgey, 119, 1545- 1547. https://doi.org/10.1097/JS9.000.000.0000000388
  • Kushmar, L. V., Vornachev, A. O., Korobova, I. O., & Kaida, N. O. (2022). Artificial intelligence in language learning: What are we afraid of. Arab World English Journal (AWEJ), 8(Special Issue on CALL), 262-273. https://doi.org/10.24093/awej/call8.18
  • Lo, K. C. (2023). What is the impact of ChatGPT on education? A rapid review of the literature. Education Sciences, 13(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13040410
  • Matias, R. (2023, 06 01). PR and AI: 21 ways artificial intelligence is changing the PR game. prlab: https://prlab. co/blog/uses-of-ai-in-public-relations/ adresinden alındı
  • McCarthy, J. (2007). From here to human-level AI. Artifical Intelligence, 171(18), 1174-1182. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.artint.2007.10.009
  • McCarthy, J., Minsky, M. L., Rochester, N., & Shannon, C. E. (2006). A proposal for the dartmouth summer research project on artificial intelligence, august 31, 1955. AI magazine, 27(4), 12.
  • Nabiyev, V. V. (2012). Yapay zeka. Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Nerdynav. (2023, 08 05). 103+ ChatGPT statistics & user numbers in aug 2023 (new data). nerdynav: https:// nerdynav.com/chatgpt-statistics/#google_vignette adresinden alındı
  • Paudel, U. (2022). Challenges for the application of AI technology: Case studies from Amazon, Alphabet, Boston Dynamics, and IBM. The Pennsylvania State University at Harrisburg School of Business Administration.
  • Ruane, E., Birhane, A., & Ventresque, A. (2019). Conversational AI: Social and ethical considerations. Proceedings for the 27th AIAI Irish conference on artificial intelligence and cognitive science. Galway, Ireland: AICS 2019. https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2563/ adresinden alındı
  • Sætra , H. S. (2023). Generative AI: Here to stay, but for good? Technology in Society(75). https://doi.org/10.1016/j. techsoc.2023.102372
  • Sarıel, S. (2017). Günümüzde yapay zeka. M. Karaca içinde, İnsanlaşan makineler ve yapay zeka (ss. 21-25). İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Vakfı Dergisi.
  • Say, C. (2018). 50 soruda yapay zeka. 7 Renk Basım Yayın.
  • Schukow, C. D., Smith, S. C., Landgrebe, E., Parasuraman, S., Folaranmi, O. O., Paner, G. P., & Amin, M. B. (2023). Application of ChatGPT in routine diagnostic pathology: Promises, pitfalls, and potential future directions. Advances in anatomic pathology, 10-1097. https://doi.org/10.1097/PAP.000.000.0000000406
  • Schultz, D. P., & Schultz, S. E. (2007). Modern psikoloji tarihi. (Y. Aslay, Çev.) Kaknüs Yayınları.
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There are 59 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Social Media Studies, New Media
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Doğan Can Gazaz 0000-0002-8133-690X

Gamze Gazaz 0000-0002-5333-6355

Publication Date March 18, 2024
Submission Date September 14, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2024 Issue: Cumhuriyetin 100. Yılında Geleceğin İletişimi Özel Sayısı

Cite

APA Gazaz, D. C., & Gazaz, G. (2024). Geleceğin İletişiminde Yapay Zekâ Sohbet Robotları: Ekşi Sözlük Girdilerinin İçerik Analizi. Türkiye İletişim Araştırmaları Dergisi(Cumhuriyetin 100. Yılında Geleceğin İletişimi Özel Sayısı), 30-54. https://doi.org/10.17829/turcom.1360268