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A CRITICAL VIEW TO CARROLL'S CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY MODEL: DIAMOND TRADEAND BLOOD DIAMOND CASE

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 59 - 95, 30.06.2019

Öz

Diamond trade in Sierra Leone, an African country in the 1990s, caused the civil war. As a result of this war that lasted for 11 years and lost many people's lives. For the first time after World War II, a president of the state was tried and convicted. This trade and war is a turning point in many ways. In this study, Blood Diamond, a film about Sierra Leone's diamond trade and its trading, was intended to be qualitatively assessed in Carroll's four dimensions of responsibility (economic, legal, ethical and voluntary responsibilities) in the corporate social responsibility model. In the case study, the importance of model dimensions and their legal and ethical responsibilities are discussed in this model. As a result of the case study analysis, it can be said that the lack of legal and ethical responsibilities of the corporations may be dangerous for the life of the employees of the corporation and all thepeople in that country and for the safety of the employees. For the future of mankind and societies, legal and ethical responsibilities should lay the ground for economic responsibilities, and Carroll's model needs to be renewed. This study is important in terms of emphasizing the importance of legal and ethical responsibilities within the scope of corporate social responsibility.

Kaynakça

  • Abbot, W. ve Monser, J. R. (1979). On the measurement of corporate social responsibility. Academy of Management Journal, 22, 501-515.
  • Ackerman, R. (1973). How companies respond to social demands. Harvard Business Review, July-August, 88-99.
  • Acquier, A. ve Aggeri, F. (2007). The development of a CSR industry: Legitimacy and feasibility as the two pillars of the ınstitutionalization process. European Academy of Management, 16-19 Mayıs, Paris.
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  • Altunışık, R. vd. (2010). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri SPSS Uygulamalı. Sakarya: Sakarya Kitabevi.
  • Ay, Ü. (2003). İşletmelerde Etik ve Sosyal Sorumluluk. Adana: Nobel Kitabevi.
  • Barnett, M. L. (2005). Stakeholder influence capacity and the variability of financial returns to corporate social responsibility, Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society,16, 287-292.
  • Bhambri, A. ve Sonnenfeld, J. (1988). Organization structure and corporate social performance: a field study in two contrasting ındustries (https://journals.aom.org/doi/10.5465/256463)
  • Bayraktaroğlu, G. ve İlter, T. (2009). Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk: Pazarlamada Yeni Bir Paradigmaya Doğru. Konya: Literatürk Yayıncılık Dağıtım.
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  • Bowen, H. R. (1953). Social Responsibilities of the Businessman. NY: Harper & Brothers Publishers.
  • Bowman, H. R. ve Haire, M.(1975). A strategic posturetoward corporate social responsibility. California Management Review, 18, 49-58.
  • Carroll, A. (1991). The pyramid of corporate social responsibility: Toward the moral management of organizational stakeholders. Business Horizons, 34 (4), 39-48.
  • Carroll, A. B. (2000). Ethical challenges for business in the new millennium: Corporate social responsibility and models of management morality. Business Ethics Quarterly, 10(1), p. 33-42.
  • Carr, A. Z. (1968). Is business bluffing ethical? Harvard Business Review, Ocak Şubat, 143-153.
  • Crane, A., ve Matten, D. (2007). Corporate Social Responsibility as a Fieldof Scholarship.(https://poseidon01.ssrn.com/delivery.php?ID=670117070070070017068124017112080120031047031042055074081065121024121068069000088124049107118055103025009096127065111122085118028035061021010091095097069092089109046023010095000097098093092081103024126024096001079029100096010070070028107087113119021&EXT=pdf)
  • Dartey-Baah, K. ve Amponsah-Tawiah, K. (2011), Exploring the limits of western corporate social responsibility theories in Africa. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2 (18).
  • Davis, K. (1960). Can Business afford to ıgnores social responsibilities. California Management Review, 2, 70-76.
  • Demir, B. (2013). Kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk ve muhasebe. Journal of Research in Educationand Teaching, 2 (3).
  • Demir, H. ve Songür, N. (1999). Sosyal sorumluluk ve iş ahlâkı. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 2(3), 150-168.
  • Demirtaş, M. (2015). Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk ve Kurumsal İtibar. İstanbul: Derin Yayınları.
  • Ehie, IC. (2016). Examining the corporate social responsibility orientation in developing countries: an empirical ınvestigation of the carroll’s csr pyramid. Int. J. Business Governance and Ethics, 11 (1).
  • Egels, N. (2005) CSR in electrification of rural Africa: The case of ABB in Tanzania, Journal of Corporate Citizenship, 18 (Summer), 75-85.
  • Epstein, E. M. (2002). The field of business ethics in the United States: Past, present and future. Journal of General Management, 28, 1-21.
  • Frederick, W. (1960). The growing concern over business responsibility. California Management Review, 2, 54-61.
  • Frederick, W. (1998). Moving to CSR 4: What to pack for the trip. Business and Society, 37 (1), 40-59.
  • Federick, W. C. (1986). The growing concern over business responsibilitiy. California Management Review, 2, 54-61.
  • Freeman, R. E. ve Reed, D. L. (1983). Stockholders and stakeholders: A new perspective on corporate governance. California Management Review (pre-1986); Spring 1983, 25.
  • Friedman, M. (1970). The social responsibility of business is to ıncrease its profits. New York Times, September 13, 122–126.
  • Göksel, A. B. (2010). Stratejik Halkla İlişkiler Yönetimi. Ankara:Nobel Yayın Dağıtım Tic. Ltd.Şti.
  • Hamidu, A., Haron, A, Md. ve Amran, A. (2017). Incorporating stakeholder engagement, financial ımplications and values in corporate social responsibility: A proposed model from an african context. International Journal of Economics and Financial, 7 (3), 247-253.
  • Joyner, B. ve Payne, D. (2002). Evolution and implementation: A study of values, business ethics and corporate social responsibility, Journal of Business Ethics, 41 (4), 297-311.
  • İlic, D. K. (2010). İşletmelerin kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk düzeylerinin belirlenmesine yönelik bir literatür taraması. Ege Akademik Bakış (Ege AcademicReview), 10(1), 303-318.
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CARROLL’IN KURUMSAL SOSYAL SORUMLULUK MODELİ’NE ELEŞTİREL BİR BAKIŞ: ELMAS TİCARETİ VE KANLI ELMAS ÖRNEĞİ

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 59 - 95, 30.06.2019

Öz

1990’larda bir Afrika ülkesi olan Sierra Leone’deki elmas ticareti iç savaşa neden olmuştur. 11 yıl süren ve pek çok insanın hayatını kaybettiği bu savaş sonucunda II. Dünya savaşı sonrasında ilk defa bir devlet başkanı yargılanmış ve mahkum edilmiştir. Bu ticaret ve savaş pek çok açıdan bir dönüm noktasıdır. Bu çalışmada, Sierra Leone’deki elmas ticareti ve bu ticareti konu alan bir film olan Kanlı Elmas’ın, Carroll’un kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk modelindeki dört sorumluluk boyutu (ekonomik, yasal, etik ve gönüllü sorumluluklar) kapsamında niteliksel olarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Örnek olay dahilinde, modeldeki boyutların önemi ve sıralaması, yasal ve etik sorumlulukların bu modeldeki yeri, diğer deyişle piramitteki sorumlulukların sırası tartışılmıştır. Örnek olay analizi sonucunda, kurumların yasal ve etik sorumluluklara sahip olmamasının kurum çalışanlarının ve o ülkedeki tüm insanların yaşamı ve çalışanların işgüvenliği açısından tehlikeli olabileceği söylenebilir. Yasal ve etik sorumlulukların ekonomik sorumlulukların zeminini oluşturması ve Carroll’ın modelinin yenilenmesi gerekliliği söylenebilir. Çalışma kurumsal sosyal sorumluluğun sadece sosyal yarar sağlayan gönüllü sorumluluklardan ibaret olmadığının vurgulanması, yasal ve etik sorumlulukların önemine dikkat çekilmesi açısından önemli bulunmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Abbot, W. ve Monser, J. R. (1979). On the measurement of corporate social responsibility. Academy of Management Journal, 22, 501-515.
  • Ackerman, R. (1973). How companies respond to social demands. Harvard Business Review, July-August, 88-99.
  • Acquier, A. ve Aggeri, F. (2007). The development of a CSR industry: Legitimacy and feasibility as the two pillars of the ınstitutionalization process. European Academy of Management, 16-19 Mayıs, Paris.
  • Aktan, C. C. (2007). Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk İşletmeler ve Sosyal Sorumluluk. İstanbul: İgiad Yayınları.
  • Alnıaçık, Ü., İldem Develi, E., Giray,C. ve Alnıaçık, E. (2011). Küresel firmaların yerel sosyal sorumluluk faaliyetleri marka değeri ve marka tercihini nasıl etkilemektedir? (http://dspace.marmara.edu.tr/bitstream/handle/11424/1666/253-525-1-PB.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y)
  • Altunışık, R. vd. (2010). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri SPSS Uygulamalı. Sakarya: Sakarya Kitabevi.
  • Ay, Ü. (2003). İşletmelerde Etik ve Sosyal Sorumluluk. Adana: Nobel Kitabevi.
  • Barnett, M. L. (2005). Stakeholder influence capacity and the variability of financial returns to corporate social responsibility, Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society,16, 287-292.
  • Bhambri, A. ve Sonnenfeld, J. (1988). Organization structure and corporate social performance: a field study in two contrasting ındustries (https://journals.aom.org/doi/10.5465/256463)
  • Bayraktaroğlu, G. ve İlter, T. (2009). Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk: Pazarlamada Yeni Bir Paradigmaya Doğru. Konya: Literatürk Yayıncılık Dağıtım.
  • Bennet, R. (1998). Corporate philanthropy in France, Germany and the UK: International comparisons of commercial orientation towards company giving in European nations. International Marketing Review, 15(6), 458-475.
  • Bowen, H. R. (1953). Social Responsibilities of the Businessman. NY: Harper & Brothers Publishers.
  • Bowman, H. R. ve Haire, M.(1975). A strategic posturetoward corporate social responsibility. California Management Review, 18, 49-58.
  • Carroll, A. (1991). The pyramid of corporate social responsibility: Toward the moral management of organizational stakeholders. Business Horizons, 34 (4), 39-48.
  • Carroll, A. B. (2000). Ethical challenges for business in the new millennium: Corporate social responsibility and models of management morality. Business Ethics Quarterly, 10(1), p. 33-42.
  • Carr, A. Z. (1968). Is business bluffing ethical? Harvard Business Review, Ocak Şubat, 143-153.
  • Crane, A., ve Matten, D. (2007). Corporate Social Responsibility as a Fieldof Scholarship.(https://poseidon01.ssrn.com/delivery.php?ID=670117070070070017068124017112080120031047031042055074081065121024121068069000088124049107118055103025009096127065111122085118028035061021010091095097069092089109046023010095000097098093092081103024126024096001079029100096010070070028107087113119021&EXT=pdf)
  • Dartey-Baah, K. ve Amponsah-Tawiah, K. (2011), Exploring the limits of western corporate social responsibility theories in Africa. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2 (18).
  • Davis, K. (1960). Can Business afford to ıgnores social responsibilities. California Management Review, 2, 70-76.
  • Demir, B. (2013). Kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk ve muhasebe. Journal of Research in Educationand Teaching, 2 (3).
  • Demir, H. ve Songür, N. (1999). Sosyal sorumluluk ve iş ahlâkı. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 2(3), 150-168.
  • Demirtaş, M. (2015). Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk ve Kurumsal İtibar. İstanbul: Derin Yayınları.
  • Ehie, IC. (2016). Examining the corporate social responsibility orientation in developing countries: an empirical ınvestigation of the carroll’s csr pyramid. Int. J. Business Governance and Ethics, 11 (1).
  • Egels, N. (2005) CSR in electrification of rural Africa: The case of ABB in Tanzania, Journal of Corporate Citizenship, 18 (Summer), 75-85.
  • Epstein, E. M. (2002). The field of business ethics in the United States: Past, present and future. Journal of General Management, 28, 1-21.
  • Frederick, W. (1960). The growing concern over business responsibility. California Management Review, 2, 54-61.
  • Frederick, W. (1998). Moving to CSR 4: What to pack for the trip. Business and Society, 37 (1), 40-59.
  • Federick, W. C. (1986). The growing concern over business responsibilitiy. California Management Review, 2, 54-61.
  • Freeman, R. E. ve Reed, D. L. (1983). Stockholders and stakeholders: A new perspective on corporate governance. California Management Review (pre-1986); Spring 1983, 25.
  • Friedman, M. (1970). The social responsibility of business is to ıncrease its profits. New York Times, September 13, 122–126.
  • Göksel, A. B. (2010). Stratejik Halkla İlişkiler Yönetimi. Ankara:Nobel Yayın Dağıtım Tic. Ltd.Şti.
  • Hamidu, A., Haron, A, Md. ve Amran, A. (2017). Incorporating stakeholder engagement, financial ımplications and values in corporate social responsibility: A proposed model from an african context. International Journal of Economics and Financial, 7 (3), 247-253.
  • Joyner, B. ve Payne, D. (2002). Evolution and implementation: A study of values, business ethics and corporate social responsibility, Journal of Business Ethics, 41 (4), 297-311.
  • İlic, D. K. (2010). İşletmelerin kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk düzeylerinin belirlenmesine yönelik bir literatür taraması. Ege Akademik Bakış (Ege AcademicReview), 10(1), 303-318.
  • Karasar, N. (2012).Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Nobel.
  • Kadıbeşegil, S. (2008).Sosyal Sorumluluk Markaların Aklanma Aracı Olmamalı. MediaCat Dergisi Özel Eki. Şubat. 10-11.
  • Kolk, A. ve Lenfant, F. (2013). Corporate social responsibility and environmental management, 20(1):43-54 ·. DOI: 10.1002/csr.1277
  • Kotler, P.ve Lee, N. (2008).Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk. (Çev: S. Kaçamak). İstanbul: MediaCat Kitapları.
  • Kuşat, N. (2012). Sürdürülebilir işletmeler için kurumsal sürdürülebilirlik ve içsel unsurları. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, İİBF Dergisi 15 (2)
  • Lantos, G. P. (2001). The Boundaries of Strategic Corporate social responsibility Journal of Consumer Marketing, 18, 595-630.
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  • Lewitt, T. (1958). The dangers of social responsibility. Harward Business Review, Eylül-Ekim, 41-50.
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  • Nalband, N. A. ve Kelabi, S. A. (2014). Redesigning Carroll’s CSR pyramid model. Journal of Advanced Management Science, 2 (3).
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  • Stoner, J., Finch, A.ve Freeman,E.(1985). Management. New Jersey: PrenticeHallInc.
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  • Yamak, S. (2007). Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk Kavramının Gelişimi. İstanbul: Beta Yayıncılık.
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  • https://boxofficeturkiye.com/film/kanli-elmas-2007020?) (9.7.2017)
  • http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---europe/---ro-geneva/---ilo-ankara/documents/publication/wcms_498818.pdf(9.7.2017)
  • http://www.colorado.edu/studentgroups/libertarians/issues/friedman-soc-resp-business.html (9.7.2017)
  • http://www.barobirlik.org.tr/dosyalar/duyurular/20141112_somamadenfaciasipdf.pdf (10.7.2017)
  • https://www.quora.com/To-which-brand-refers-Van-de-Kaap-in-the-Blood-Diamond-movie(9.7.2017)
  • https://www.unglobalcompact.org/(13.7.2017)
  • https://ungc.bilgi.edu.tr/tr/sss.html(13.7.2017)
  • http://www.unicankara.org.tr/today/6.html(13.7.2017)
  • http://www.unicankara.org.tr/doc_pdf/h_rights_turkce.pdf(10.7.2017)
  • http://www.unicankara.org.tr/today/4.html(13.7.2017)
  • http://www.unicankara.org.tr/doc_pdf/h_rigths_turkce.pdf(19.7.2017)
  • http://www.turkis.org.tr/dosya/lIEzkbGK8Lyp.pdf) (14.7.2017)
  • http://www.derindusunce.org/2013/02/10/ozgur-birakilan-kolelerin-ulkesi-sierra-leone- 2/)(15.7.2017)
  • https://www.quora.com/To-which-brand-refers-Van-de-Kaap-in-the-Blood-Diamondmovie)( 13.7.2017)
  • http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/oscar-toreninde-kanli-elmas-takmayin-5886421)(19.9.2017)
  • http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/turklere-guveniyoruz-gelin-kongo-dan-elmas-tarlasi-alin- 6528168(19.9.2017)
  • http://dergiler.ankara.edu.tr/dergiler/40/491/5792.pdf(19.9.2017)
  • https://prezi.com/vqoyp4-jw8_s/genel-tarama-modelleri/(19.9.2017)
  • https://cemsutcu.files.wordpress.com/2015/05/nitel-analiz-teknikleri.pdf, (8.10.2017)
  • http://dergipark.gov.tr/download/article-file/113287(8.10.2017)
  • http://www.pirlantaci.org/elmasin-yani-pirlantanin-cikarildigi-yerler.html(15.7.2017)
  • http://meydangazetesi.org/gundem/2013/05/kanli-elmas-bir-kitanin-talani-ozgurerdogan/( 21.11.2017)
  • https://www.quora.com/To-which-brand-refers-Van-de-Kaap-in-the-Blood-Diamondmovie( 15.7.2017)
  • https://www.unicef.org/turkey/udhr/_gi17.html) Küresel ilkeler sözleşmesi(21.11.2017)
  • http://www.globalcompactturkiye.org/global-compact-turkiye/10ilke/(21.8.2017)
  • http://opereysin.com/arastirma/5020-elmas-karteli-de-beers/(24.11.2017)
  • http://www.ekodialog.com/isletme_ekonomisi/isletmeler_konsorsiyum_karteller_trostle r.html(21.08.2017)
  • http://www.sabah.com.tr/galeri/ekonomi/pembe-yildiz-elmasi-rekor-fiyatasatildi/ 7(5.11.2017)
  • https://www.kimberleyprocess.com/(8.11.2017)
  • http://www.orgtr.org/tr/ham-elmas-dis-ticaretinin-duzenlenmesine-ve-denetlenmesinedair- karar(5.11.2017)
  • https://boxofficeturkiye.com/film/kanli-elmas-2007020?(8.11.2017)
  • http://www.dw.com/tr/taylora-50-y%C4%B1l-hapis/a-15986982(6.11.2017)
  • http://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler/2013/09/130926_taylor_ceza(8.11.2017)
  • http://www.diamondfacts.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=86&It emid=133&lang=en(8.11.2017)
  • https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezSorguSonucYeni.jsp(8.11.2017)
  • https://scholar.google.com.tr/scholar?lr=lang_tr&q=sosyal+sorumluluk&hl=tr&as_sdt= 0,5&as_vis=1(8.11.2017)
  • https://www.google.com/search?q=kanl%C4%B1+elmas+i%C5%9F%C3%A7iler&sou rce=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwitztOKwp_fAhWnqIsKHTukDg8Q_AUID ygC&biw=1280&bih=640#imgrc=-_2uiJINQ1WFLM: (8.11.2017) quora.com/To-which-brand-refers-Van-de-Kaap-in-the-Blood-Diamond-movie
  • https://impacttransform.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Heart-of-the-Matter- Summary-Version.pdf. (8.11.2017)
  • http://edition.cnn.com/2000/WORLD/africa/01/12/africa.diamonds/.(8.11.2017) www.businesslive.co.za/bd/companies/mining/2018-04-20-de-beers-looks-to-sierraleone- to-source-additional-diamonds/(20 Ocak 2019)
  • http://edition.cnn.com/2000/WORLD/africa/01/12/africa.diamonds/(20 Ocak 2019)
  • https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-dunya-47172839 (16 Mayıs 2019)
Toplam 106 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular İletişim ve Medya Çalışmaları
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Ayla Topuz Savaş

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2019
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Haziran 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Topuz Savaş, A. (2019). CARROLL’IN KURUMSAL SOSYAL SORUMLULUK MODELİ’NE ELEŞTİREL BİR BAKIŞ: ELMAS TİCARETİ VE KANLI ELMAS ÖRNEĞİ. Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi İletişim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 9(1), 59-95.