Araştırma Makalesi
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İndirimli Süpermarket Zincirleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma: Türk Girişimciler İçin Bulgaristan Pazarının Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 1 - 18, 29.04.2016
https://doi.org/10.22532/jtl.237884

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Bulgaristan’da hızlı tüketim ürünleri perakendeciliği sektöründe faaliyet gösteren yüksek indirimli mağazalar incelenerek, pazara girmek isteyen Türk girişimcilere ülkeyle ve sektörle ilgili faydalı bilgiler sunmak amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında, Bulgaristan pazarına giriş stratejileri, varsa pazara girişi engelleyen faktörler, perakende sektöründe yüksek indirimli gıda perakendeciliği alanındaki avantaj ve dezavantajlar belirlenerek, ortaya çıkacak sonuçların, Türk girişimcilere karar alma noktasında faydalı olması umulmaktadır.

Bulgaristan hızlı tüketim ürünleri perakendeciliği sektörü, mevcutta boşluklar barındırdığından, yatırımcılar için önemli potansiyellere sahiptir. Bu çalışmanın konusu olan, indirimli mağazaların Bulgaristan’da pazar payını istikrarlı bir şekilde genişlettiği görüldüğünden, söz konusu pazara girmek isteyen Türk girişimcilerin rekabet daha da yoğunlaşmadan pazara girmesi önem kazanmaktadır. Sektördeki Türk girişimciler Bulgaristan pazarına girebilmek için stratejilerini rakiplerini de göz önünde bulundurarak belirlemek durumundadırlar. Gerçekleştirilen mülakatlarda görüşülen mevcut iki yüksek indirimli mağazanın da agresif büyüme stratejisi izlediği ve bu stratejilerini sürdürmeyi planladıkları tespit edilmiştir. Dolayısıyla, Türk girişimcilerin de rakiplerin bu agresif stratejilerini bilerek ve bu doğrultuda önlem alarak pazara giriş yapması uygun olacaktır.

Kaynakça

  • A.C. Nielsen raporları, 1998.
  • Altunışık, R., Özdemir, Ş. Ve Torlak, Ö. (2014), Pazarlama İlkeleri ve Yönetimi, Beta Yayıncılık 1. Baskı, İstanbul.
  • Ambrose, D.M. (1979), “Retail grocery pricing: inner city, suburban, and rural comparison”, Journal of Business, Vol. 52, pp. 95-102.
  • Boone, L.E. and Bonno, J.A. (1971), “Food buying habits of the urban poor”, Journal of Retailing, Vol. 47 No. 3, pp. 79-85.
  • Bonwich, W.T. and Conway, E.B. (1970), “Pricing in food chains: poverty area versus nonpoverty area stores”, Journal of Retailing, Vol. 46 No. 2, pp. 60-4.
  • Bulgaristan Ülke Bülteni (2014), Eskişehir Ticaret Odası, Bulgaristan’ın Ekonomik Yapısı ve Türkiye ile Ticari İlişkileri, Haziran.
  • Cataluna, Francisco Javier Rondán , Franco, Manuel J. Sánchez ve Ramos, Angel Francisco Villarejo (2005), "Are hypermarket prices different from discount store prices?", Journal of Product & Brand Management, Vol. 14 Iss: 5, pp.330 – 337.
  • Colla, Enrico (2004), “The Outlook for European Grocery Retailing: Competition and Format Development”, The International Review of Retail Distribution and Consumer Research, Volume 14, Issue 1, 47-69.
  • Colla, Enrico (2003), “International expansion and strategies of discount grocery retailers: the winning models”, International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, Vol. 31 Iss: 1, pp.55 – 66.
  • Conners, S.B.A. (1995), “Review of the equity for disadvantage consumers within the US retail sector”, Southern Marketing Association, No. 98, pp. 1-9.
  • D'Andrea, Guillermo; Ring, Larry J., Aleman, Belen Lopez; Stengel, Alejandro (2006) "Breaking the myths on emerging consumers in retailing", International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, Vol. 34 Iss: 9, pp.674 – 687.
  • Demircioğlu, İpek (2003), Bulgaristan Ülke Etüdü ve Türk Yatırımcıları, İstanbul Ticaret Odası Yayın No 2003-18, İstanbul.
  • Dixon, D.E. ve McLaughlin, D.J. (1970), “Low income consumers and the issue of exploitation: a study of chain supermarkets”, Social Science Quarterly, Vol. 51, pp. 320-328.
  • Dodds, W.B. ve Monroe, K.B. (1985), “The effect of brand and price information on subjective product evaluations”, Advances in Consumer Research, Vol. 12, pp. 85-90.
  • Gfk Consumer Panel Bulgaria, 2015.
  • Ghosh, A. (1998), Retail Management, The Dryden Press.
  • Goodman, C.S. (1968), “Do the poor pay more?”, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 32 No. 1, pp. 18-24.
  • Gottschalk, I. ve Leistner, T. (2013), “Consumer reactions to the availability of organic food in discount supermarkets”, International Journal of Consumer Studies, 37: 136–142.
  • Grewal, D., Roggeveen, A.L.; Compeau, L.D. ve Levy, M. (2012), “Retail Value-Based Pricing Strategies: New Times, New Technologies, New Consumers”, Journal of Retailing, 88(1) 1-6.
  • Groom, P. (1966), “Prices in poor neighbourhoods”, Monthly Labor Review, Vol. 89 No. 10, pp. 1085-90.
  • IGD Research, European discount retailing, 2012.
  • Jin, B. ve Kim, J. (2003), “A typology of Korean discount shoppers: shopping motives, store
  • attributes, and outcomes”, International Journal of Service Industry Management 14 (4): 396-419.
  • Johnson, Homer H. ve Kim, Sung Min, (2009), ''When Strategy Pales: Lessons from the Department Store Industry,'' Business Horizons 52, 583-593.
  • Levy, Michael, Dhruv Grewal, Robert A. Peterson ve Bob Connolly (2005), “The Concept of the “Big Middle”,” Journal of Retailing, 81, 2, 83-88.
  • Lichtenstein, D.R., Ridgway, N.M. ve Netemeyer, R.G. (1993), “Price perceptions and consumer shopping behavior: a field study”, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 30 No. 2, pp. 234-45.
  • Marcus, B-H. (1969), “Similarity of ghetto and nonghetto food costs”, Journal of Marketing Research (JMR), Vol. 6 No. 3, pp. 365-9.
  • Nakip, M., Varinli, İ, ve Güllü, K. (2006), “Süpermarketlerde çalışanların ve tüketicilerin hizmet kalitesi beklentilerinin ve algılarının karşılaştırılmasına yönelik bir araştırma”, Atatürk Üniversitesi, İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(2):373-386.
  • Nielsen, Bulgaria: Market of Difficulties and Opportunities, Mayıs 2014.
  • Nielsen, Shopper Trends Bulgaria, 2013.
  • http://www.nsi.bg/Census_e/Census_e.htm (15.07.2011)
  • http://www.nsi.bg/en/content/13042/population-working-age-status-place-residence-sex-and-districts-and-municipalities (11.05.2015)
  • http://www.bim.com.tr/FaaliyetRaporlari/2008/2008%20Y%C4%B1l%C4%B1%20Faaliyet%20Raporu.pdf, 2008.
  • Okumuş, Abdullah (2005), İndirimli Mağaza ve Süpermarket Müşterileri Arasındaki Farklılıkların Beklenti ve Memnuniyetlerine Göre İncelenmesi, İ.Ü. İşletme Fakültesi İşletme Dergisi Nisan 2005 C:34 Sayı:1 Sayfa 105-133.
  • Peterson, R.A. ve Balasubramanian, Sn'dhar (2002), “Retailing in the 21st century: reflections and prognosis", Journal of Retailing, 78, 9-16.
  • Planet Retail, European Grocery Retailing Report, http://www.planetretail.net/presentations/ApexBrasilPresentation.pdf, Mayıs 2014.
  • Prasad, V. Kanti (1975), Unplanned Buying in Two Retail Settings, Journal of Retailing, Volume 5, Number 3, Fall 1975.
  • Reardon, Thomas ve Gulati, Ashok (2008), “The Supermarket Revolution in Developing Countries, Policies for ‘Competitiveness with Inclusive’”, Michigan State University, International Food Policy Research Institue, IFPRI Policy Brief No. 2,IFPRI, Washington, D. C.
  • Rodríguez, Elsa, Berges, Miriam, Casellas, Karina, Di Paola, Rosángela, Lupín, Garrido Beatriz Laura ve Gentile Natacha (2002), Consumer Behaviour and Supermarkets in Argentina, Development Policy Review, 2002, 20 (4): 429-439.
  • Sexton, D.E. Jr (1971), “Do blacks pay more?”, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 8, pp. 420-6.
  • Shankar, Venkatesh ve Yadav, Manjit S. (2011), “Innovations in Retailing”, Journal of Retailing, 87 (Special Issue), 1-2.
  • Shaw, T. Roy, Richard J. Senerik ve Robert H.Williams (1981), Marketing Integrated Analytical Approach, 4th Edition, South Western Publishing Co.
  • Stanton, J. William, Michael J. Etzel ve Bruce J. Walker (1991), Fundamentals of Marketing, Ninth Edition, Mc Graw Hill Company.
  • Sturdivant, F.D. (1968), “Better deal for ghetto shoppers”, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 46 No. 2,pp. 130-139.
  • T.C. Sofya Büyükelçiliği Ticaret Müşavirliği (2015), 101 Soruda Bulgaristan’a Ticaret ve Yatırım Raporu, Şubat 2015.
  • Teach, R. (1969), “Supermarket pricing practices in various areas of large city”, in Mc Donald, P.R. (Ed.), Marketing Involvement in Society and the Economy, American Marketing Association, Chicago, IL, pp. 57-62.
  • Tek, Ömer Baybars, 1984, Perakende Pazarlama Yönetimi, Üçel Yayımcılık Dağıtımcılık, İzmir.
  • USDA Foreign Agricultural Service, Gain Report, http://gain.fas.usda.gov/Recent%20GAIN%20Publications/Retail%20Market%20Update_Sofia_Bulgaria_1-31-2012.pdf, 31.01.2012
  • Yıldırım, Hüseyin Hakan, Kurtuluş Sema (2008), Yerli ve Yabancı İndirimli Süpermarket Zincirleri Müşterilerinin Bu Marketleri Değerlendirmeleri Üzerine Bir Pilot Araştırma, KMU İİBF Dergisi Yıl:10 Sayı:14 Haziran/2008.
  • Zielke, Stephan (2010), "How price image dimensions influence shopping intentions for different store formats", European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 44 Iss: 6, pp.748 – 770.
Yıl 2016, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 1 - 18, 29.04.2016
https://doi.org/10.22532/jtl.237884

Öz

Kaynakça

  • A.C. Nielsen raporları, 1998.
  • Altunışık, R., Özdemir, Ş. Ve Torlak, Ö. (2014), Pazarlama İlkeleri ve Yönetimi, Beta Yayıncılık 1. Baskı, İstanbul.
  • Ambrose, D.M. (1979), “Retail grocery pricing: inner city, suburban, and rural comparison”, Journal of Business, Vol. 52, pp. 95-102.
  • Boone, L.E. and Bonno, J.A. (1971), “Food buying habits of the urban poor”, Journal of Retailing, Vol. 47 No. 3, pp. 79-85.
  • Bonwich, W.T. and Conway, E.B. (1970), “Pricing in food chains: poverty area versus nonpoverty area stores”, Journal of Retailing, Vol. 46 No. 2, pp. 60-4.
  • Bulgaristan Ülke Bülteni (2014), Eskişehir Ticaret Odası, Bulgaristan’ın Ekonomik Yapısı ve Türkiye ile Ticari İlişkileri, Haziran.
  • Cataluna, Francisco Javier Rondán , Franco, Manuel J. Sánchez ve Ramos, Angel Francisco Villarejo (2005), "Are hypermarket prices different from discount store prices?", Journal of Product & Brand Management, Vol. 14 Iss: 5, pp.330 – 337.
  • Colla, Enrico (2004), “The Outlook for European Grocery Retailing: Competition and Format Development”, The International Review of Retail Distribution and Consumer Research, Volume 14, Issue 1, 47-69.
  • Colla, Enrico (2003), “International expansion and strategies of discount grocery retailers: the winning models”, International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, Vol. 31 Iss: 1, pp.55 – 66.
  • Conners, S.B.A. (1995), “Review of the equity for disadvantage consumers within the US retail sector”, Southern Marketing Association, No. 98, pp. 1-9.
  • D'Andrea, Guillermo; Ring, Larry J., Aleman, Belen Lopez; Stengel, Alejandro (2006) "Breaking the myths on emerging consumers in retailing", International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, Vol. 34 Iss: 9, pp.674 – 687.
  • Demircioğlu, İpek (2003), Bulgaristan Ülke Etüdü ve Türk Yatırımcıları, İstanbul Ticaret Odası Yayın No 2003-18, İstanbul.
  • Dixon, D.E. ve McLaughlin, D.J. (1970), “Low income consumers and the issue of exploitation: a study of chain supermarkets”, Social Science Quarterly, Vol. 51, pp. 320-328.
  • Dodds, W.B. ve Monroe, K.B. (1985), “The effect of brand and price information on subjective product evaluations”, Advances in Consumer Research, Vol. 12, pp. 85-90.
  • Gfk Consumer Panel Bulgaria, 2015.
  • Ghosh, A. (1998), Retail Management, The Dryden Press.
  • Goodman, C.S. (1968), “Do the poor pay more?”, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 32 No. 1, pp. 18-24.
  • Gottschalk, I. ve Leistner, T. (2013), “Consumer reactions to the availability of organic food in discount supermarkets”, International Journal of Consumer Studies, 37: 136–142.
  • Grewal, D., Roggeveen, A.L.; Compeau, L.D. ve Levy, M. (2012), “Retail Value-Based Pricing Strategies: New Times, New Technologies, New Consumers”, Journal of Retailing, 88(1) 1-6.
  • Groom, P. (1966), “Prices in poor neighbourhoods”, Monthly Labor Review, Vol. 89 No. 10, pp. 1085-90.
  • IGD Research, European discount retailing, 2012.
  • Jin, B. ve Kim, J. (2003), “A typology of Korean discount shoppers: shopping motives, store
  • attributes, and outcomes”, International Journal of Service Industry Management 14 (4): 396-419.
  • Johnson, Homer H. ve Kim, Sung Min, (2009), ''When Strategy Pales: Lessons from the Department Store Industry,'' Business Horizons 52, 583-593.
  • Levy, Michael, Dhruv Grewal, Robert A. Peterson ve Bob Connolly (2005), “The Concept of the “Big Middle”,” Journal of Retailing, 81, 2, 83-88.
  • Lichtenstein, D.R., Ridgway, N.M. ve Netemeyer, R.G. (1993), “Price perceptions and consumer shopping behavior: a field study”, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 30 No. 2, pp. 234-45.
  • Marcus, B-H. (1969), “Similarity of ghetto and nonghetto food costs”, Journal of Marketing Research (JMR), Vol. 6 No. 3, pp. 365-9.
  • Nakip, M., Varinli, İ, ve Güllü, K. (2006), “Süpermarketlerde çalışanların ve tüketicilerin hizmet kalitesi beklentilerinin ve algılarının karşılaştırılmasına yönelik bir araştırma”, Atatürk Üniversitesi, İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(2):373-386.
  • Nielsen, Bulgaria: Market of Difficulties and Opportunities, Mayıs 2014.
  • Nielsen, Shopper Trends Bulgaria, 2013.
  • http://www.nsi.bg/Census_e/Census_e.htm (15.07.2011)
  • http://www.nsi.bg/en/content/13042/population-working-age-status-place-residence-sex-and-districts-and-municipalities (11.05.2015)
  • http://www.bim.com.tr/FaaliyetRaporlari/2008/2008%20Y%C4%B1l%C4%B1%20Faaliyet%20Raporu.pdf, 2008.
  • Okumuş, Abdullah (2005), İndirimli Mağaza ve Süpermarket Müşterileri Arasındaki Farklılıkların Beklenti ve Memnuniyetlerine Göre İncelenmesi, İ.Ü. İşletme Fakültesi İşletme Dergisi Nisan 2005 C:34 Sayı:1 Sayfa 105-133.
  • Peterson, R.A. ve Balasubramanian, Sn'dhar (2002), “Retailing in the 21st century: reflections and prognosis", Journal of Retailing, 78, 9-16.
  • Planet Retail, European Grocery Retailing Report, http://www.planetretail.net/presentations/ApexBrasilPresentation.pdf, Mayıs 2014.
  • Prasad, V. Kanti (1975), Unplanned Buying in Two Retail Settings, Journal of Retailing, Volume 5, Number 3, Fall 1975.
  • Reardon, Thomas ve Gulati, Ashok (2008), “The Supermarket Revolution in Developing Countries, Policies for ‘Competitiveness with Inclusive’”, Michigan State University, International Food Policy Research Institue, IFPRI Policy Brief No. 2,IFPRI, Washington, D. C.
  • Rodríguez, Elsa, Berges, Miriam, Casellas, Karina, Di Paola, Rosángela, Lupín, Garrido Beatriz Laura ve Gentile Natacha (2002), Consumer Behaviour and Supermarkets in Argentina, Development Policy Review, 2002, 20 (4): 429-439.
  • Sexton, D.E. Jr (1971), “Do blacks pay more?”, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 8, pp. 420-6.
  • Shankar, Venkatesh ve Yadav, Manjit S. (2011), “Innovations in Retailing”, Journal of Retailing, 87 (Special Issue), 1-2.
  • Shaw, T. Roy, Richard J. Senerik ve Robert H.Williams (1981), Marketing Integrated Analytical Approach, 4th Edition, South Western Publishing Co.
  • Stanton, J. William, Michael J. Etzel ve Bruce J. Walker (1991), Fundamentals of Marketing, Ninth Edition, Mc Graw Hill Company.
  • Sturdivant, F.D. (1968), “Better deal for ghetto shoppers”, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 46 No. 2,pp. 130-139.
  • T.C. Sofya Büyükelçiliği Ticaret Müşavirliği (2015), 101 Soruda Bulgaristan’a Ticaret ve Yatırım Raporu, Şubat 2015.
  • Teach, R. (1969), “Supermarket pricing practices in various areas of large city”, in Mc Donald, P.R. (Ed.), Marketing Involvement in Society and the Economy, American Marketing Association, Chicago, IL, pp. 57-62.
  • Tek, Ömer Baybars, 1984, Perakende Pazarlama Yönetimi, Üçel Yayımcılık Dağıtımcılık, İzmir.
  • USDA Foreign Agricultural Service, Gain Report, http://gain.fas.usda.gov/Recent%20GAIN%20Publications/Retail%20Market%20Update_Sofia_Bulgaria_1-31-2012.pdf, 31.01.2012
  • Yıldırım, Hüseyin Hakan, Kurtuluş Sema (2008), Yerli ve Yabancı İndirimli Süpermarket Zincirleri Müşterilerinin Bu Marketleri Değerlendirmeleri Üzerine Bir Pilot Araştırma, KMU İİBF Dergisi Yıl:10 Sayı:14 Haziran/2008.
  • Zielke, Stephan (2010), "How price image dimensions influence shopping intentions for different store formats", European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 44 Iss: 6, pp.748 – 770.

An Investigation On Discount Supermarkets: Evaluation Of Bulgaria Market For Turkish Entrepreneurs

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 1 - 18, 29.04.2016
https://doi.org/10.22532/jtl.237884

Öz

This study aims to give information about discount stores at the field of fast moving consumer goods in Bulgaria and the country to the Turkish entrepreneurs who target to enter the Bulgarian market.  In the scope of the study, strategies to enter Bulgarian market, obstructions, advantages, disadvantages of the market have been determined and it is hoped to help entrepreneurs in their decisions with the results of the paper.

Bulgaria fmcg sector has some gaps that means new opportunities for investors at present.  In the scope of this paper, it is stated that the discount stores at fmcg in Bulgaria has increased their market share year after year and has a stability in growth. Therefore it is important to enter the market before the competition gets hot by Turkish entrepreneurs targets this market.

According to the results of interviews conducted with two discount stores in Bulgaria presently, it is determined that both of them drive an agressive growth strategy and plan to sustain it. Correspondingly, it will be rational for the Turkish entrepreneurs to enter the market having knowledge about these agressive strategies of competitors and to take actions needed proactively.

Kaynakça

  • A.C. Nielsen raporları, 1998.
  • Altunışık, R., Özdemir, Ş. Ve Torlak, Ö. (2014), Pazarlama İlkeleri ve Yönetimi, Beta Yayıncılık 1. Baskı, İstanbul.
  • Ambrose, D.M. (1979), “Retail grocery pricing: inner city, suburban, and rural comparison”, Journal of Business, Vol. 52, pp. 95-102.
  • Boone, L.E. and Bonno, J.A. (1971), “Food buying habits of the urban poor”, Journal of Retailing, Vol. 47 No. 3, pp. 79-85.
  • Bonwich, W.T. and Conway, E.B. (1970), “Pricing in food chains: poverty area versus nonpoverty area stores”, Journal of Retailing, Vol. 46 No. 2, pp. 60-4.
  • Bulgaristan Ülke Bülteni (2014), Eskişehir Ticaret Odası, Bulgaristan’ın Ekonomik Yapısı ve Türkiye ile Ticari İlişkileri, Haziran.
  • Cataluna, Francisco Javier Rondán , Franco, Manuel J. Sánchez ve Ramos, Angel Francisco Villarejo (2005), "Are hypermarket prices different from discount store prices?", Journal of Product & Brand Management, Vol. 14 Iss: 5, pp.330 – 337.
  • Colla, Enrico (2004), “The Outlook for European Grocery Retailing: Competition and Format Development”, The International Review of Retail Distribution and Consumer Research, Volume 14, Issue 1, 47-69.
  • Colla, Enrico (2003), “International expansion and strategies of discount grocery retailers: the winning models”, International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, Vol. 31 Iss: 1, pp.55 – 66.
  • Conners, S.B.A. (1995), “Review of the equity for disadvantage consumers within the US retail sector”, Southern Marketing Association, No. 98, pp. 1-9.
  • D'Andrea, Guillermo; Ring, Larry J., Aleman, Belen Lopez; Stengel, Alejandro (2006) "Breaking the myths on emerging consumers in retailing", International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, Vol. 34 Iss: 9, pp.674 – 687.
  • Demircioğlu, İpek (2003), Bulgaristan Ülke Etüdü ve Türk Yatırımcıları, İstanbul Ticaret Odası Yayın No 2003-18, İstanbul.
  • Dixon, D.E. ve McLaughlin, D.J. (1970), “Low income consumers and the issue of exploitation: a study of chain supermarkets”, Social Science Quarterly, Vol. 51, pp. 320-328.
  • Dodds, W.B. ve Monroe, K.B. (1985), “The effect of brand and price information on subjective product evaluations”, Advances in Consumer Research, Vol. 12, pp. 85-90.
  • Gfk Consumer Panel Bulgaria, 2015.
  • Ghosh, A. (1998), Retail Management, The Dryden Press.
  • Goodman, C.S. (1968), “Do the poor pay more?”, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 32 No. 1, pp. 18-24.
  • Gottschalk, I. ve Leistner, T. (2013), “Consumer reactions to the availability of organic food in discount supermarkets”, International Journal of Consumer Studies, 37: 136–142.
  • Grewal, D., Roggeveen, A.L.; Compeau, L.D. ve Levy, M. (2012), “Retail Value-Based Pricing Strategies: New Times, New Technologies, New Consumers”, Journal of Retailing, 88(1) 1-6.
  • Groom, P. (1966), “Prices in poor neighbourhoods”, Monthly Labor Review, Vol. 89 No. 10, pp. 1085-90.
  • IGD Research, European discount retailing, 2012.
  • Jin, B. ve Kim, J. (2003), “A typology of Korean discount shoppers: shopping motives, store
  • attributes, and outcomes”, International Journal of Service Industry Management 14 (4): 396-419.
  • Johnson, Homer H. ve Kim, Sung Min, (2009), ''When Strategy Pales: Lessons from the Department Store Industry,'' Business Horizons 52, 583-593.
  • Levy, Michael, Dhruv Grewal, Robert A. Peterson ve Bob Connolly (2005), “The Concept of the “Big Middle”,” Journal of Retailing, 81, 2, 83-88.
  • Lichtenstein, D.R., Ridgway, N.M. ve Netemeyer, R.G. (1993), “Price perceptions and consumer shopping behavior: a field study”, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 30 No. 2, pp. 234-45.
  • Marcus, B-H. (1969), “Similarity of ghetto and nonghetto food costs”, Journal of Marketing Research (JMR), Vol. 6 No. 3, pp. 365-9.
  • Nakip, M., Varinli, İ, ve Güllü, K. (2006), “Süpermarketlerde çalışanların ve tüketicilerin hizmet kalitesi beklentilerinin ve algılarının karşılaştırılmasına yönelik bir araştırma”, Atatürk Üniversitesi, İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(2):373-386.
  • Nielsen, Bulgaria: Market of Difficulties and Opportunities, Mayıs 2014.
  • Nielsen, Shopper Trends Bulgaria, 2013.
  • http://www.nsi.bg/Census_e/Census_e.htm (15.07.2011)
  • http://www.nsi.bg/en/content/13042/population-working-age-status-place-residence-sex-and-districts-and-municipalities (11.05.2015)
  • http://www.bim.com.tr/FaaliyetRaporlari/2008/2008%20Y%C4%B1l%C4%B1%20Faaliyet%20Raporu.pdf, 2008.
  • Okumuş, Abdullah (2005), İndirimli Mağaza ve Süpermarket Müşterileri Arasındaki Farklılıkların Beklenti ve Memnuniyetlerine Göre İncelenmesi, İ.Ü. İşletme Fakültesi İşletme Dergisi Nisan 2005 C:34 Sayı:1 Sayfa 105-133.
  • Peterson, R.A. ve Balasubramanian, Sn'dhar (2002), “Retailing in the 21st century: reflections and prognosis", Journal of Retailing, 78, 9-16.
  • Planet Retail, European Grocery Retailing Report, http://www.planetretail.net/presentations/ApexBrasilPresentation.pdf, Mayıs 2014.
  • Prasad, V. Kanti (1975), Unplanned Buying in Two Retail Settings, Journal of Retailing, Volume 5, Number 3, Fall 1975.
  • Reardon, Thomas ve Gulati, Ashok (2008), “The Supermarket Revolution in Developing Countries, Policies for ‘Competitiveness with Inclusive’”, Michigan State University, International Food Policy Research Institue, IFPRI Policy Brief No. 2,IFPRI, Washington, D. C.
  • Rodríguez, Elsa, Berges, Miriam, Casellas, Karina, Di Paola, Rosángela, Lupín, Garrido Beatriz Laura ve Gentile Natacha (2002), Consumer Behaviour and Supermarkets in Argentina, Development Policy Review, 2002, 20 (4): 429-439.
  • Sexton, D.E. Jr (1971), “Do blacks pay more?”, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 8, pp. 420-6.
  • Shankar, Venkatesh ve Yadav, Manjit S. (2011), “Innovations in Retailing”, Journal of Retailing, 87 (Special Issue), 1-2.
  • Shaw, T. Roy, Richard J. Senerik ve Robert H.Williams (1981), Marketing Integrated Analytical Approach, 4th Edition, South Western Publishing Co.
  • Stanton, J. William, Michael J. Etzel ve Bruce J. Walker (1991), Fundamentals of Marketing, Ninth Edition, Mc Graw Hill Company.
  • Sturdivant, F.D. (1968), “Better deal for ghetto shoppers”, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 46 No. 2,pp. 130-139.
  • T.C. Sofya Büyükelçiliği Ticaret Müşavirliği (2015), 101 Soruda Bulgaristan’a Ticaret ve Yatırım Raporu, Şubat 2015.
  • Teach, R. (1969), “Supermarket pricing practices in various areas of large city”, in Mc Donald, P.R. (Ed.), Marketing Involvement in Society and the Economy, American Marketing Association, Chicago, IL, pp. 57-62.
  • Tek, Ömer Baybars, 1984, Perakende Pazarlama Yönetimi, Üçel Yayımcılık Dağıtımcılık, İzmir.
  • USDA Foreign Agricultural Service, Gain Report, http://gain.fas.usda.gov/Recent%20GAIN%20Publications/Retail%20Market%20Update_Sofia_Bulgaria_1-31-2012.pdf, 31.01.2012
  • Yıldırım, Hüseyin Hakan, Kurtuluş Sema (2008), Yerli ve Yabancı İndirimli Süpermarket Zincirleri Müşterilerinin Bu Marketleri Değerlendirmeleri Üzerine Bir Pilot Araştırma, KMU İİBF Dergisi Yıl:10 Sayı:14 Haziran/2008.
  • Zielke, Stephan (2010), "How price image dimensions influence shopping intentions for different store formats", European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 44 Iss: 6, pp.748 – 770.
Toplam 50 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Sebile Ayar Öztürk Bu kişi benim

Burçak Kayış Bu kişi benim

Selen Öztürk

Abdullah Okumuş

Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Nisan 2016
Gönderilme Tarihi 3 Nisan 2016
Kabul Tarihi 5 Nisan 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2016 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Ayar Öztürk, S., Kayış, B., Öztürk, S., Okumuş, A. (2016). İndirimli Süpermarket Zincirleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma: Türk Girişimciler İçin Bulgaristan Pazarının Değerlendirilmesi. Journal of Transportation and Logistics, 1(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.22532/jtl.237884
AMA Ayar Öztürk S, Kayış B, Öztürk S, Okumuş A. İndirimli Süpermarket Zincirleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma: Türk Girişimciler İçin Bulgaristan Pazarının Değerlendirilmesi. JTL. Nisan 2016;1(1):1-18. doi:10.22532/jtl.237884
Chicago Ayar Öztürk, Sebile, Burçak Kayış, Selen Öztürk, ve Abdullah Okumuş. “İndirimli Süpermarket Zincirleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma: Türk Girişimciler İçin Bulgaristan Pazarının Değerlendirilmesi”. Journal of Transportation and Logistics 1, sy. 1 (Nisan 2016): 1-18. https://doi.org/10.22532/jtl.237884.
EndNote Ayar Öztürk S, Kayış B, Öztürk S, Okumuş A (01 Nisan 2016) İndirimli Süpermarket Zincirleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma: Türk Girişimciler İçin Bulgaristan Pazarının Değerlendirilmesi. Journal of Transportation and Logistics 1 1 1–18.
IEEE S. Ayar Öztürk, B. Kayış, S. Öztürk, ve A. Okumuş, “İndirimli Süpermarket Zincirleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma: Türk Girişimciler İçin Bulgaristan Pazarının Değerlendirilmesi”, JTL, c. 1, sy. 1, ss. 1–18, 2016, doi: 10.22532/jtl.237884.
ISNAD Ayar Öztürk, Sebile vd. “İndirimli Süpermarket Zincirleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma: Türk Girişimciler İçin Bulgaristan Pazarının Değerlendirilmesi”. Journal of Transportation and Logistics 1/1 (Nisan 2016), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.22532/jtl.237884.
JAMA Ayar Öztürk S, Kayış B, Öztürk S, Okumuş A. İndirimli Süpermarket Zincirleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma: Türk Girişimciler İçin Bulgaristan Pazarının Değerlendirilmesi. JTL. 2016;1:1–18.
MLA Ayar Öztürk, Sebile vd. “İndirimli Süpermarket Zincirleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma: Türk Girişimciler İçin Bulgaristan Pazarının Değerlendirilmesi”. Journal of Transportation and Logistics, c. 1, sy. 1, 2016, ss. 1-18, doi:10.22532/jtl.237884.
Vancouver Ayar Öztürk S, Kayış B, Öztürk S, Okumuş A. İndirimli Süpermarket Zincirleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma: Türk Girişimciler İçin Bulgaristan Pazarının Değerlendirilmesi. JTL. 2016;1(1):1-18.



The JTL is being published twice (in April and October of) a year, as an official international peer-reviewed journal of the School of Transportation and Logistics at Istanbul University.