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Analog Video, its “Pornographic Years” and Video in Turkey

Year 2022, Issue: 36, 87 - 108, 27.06.2022

Aslı Gön

https://doi.org/10.16878/gsuilet.1068224

Abstract

The adult film industry, a pioneer in using new technologies, quickly adopted analog video before becoming a mainstream audio-visual medium. Mutual affinity benefits both parties: transforming industry practices, aesthetics, and content, technology contributes to the industry with more significant profit and meets the demands of porn regulars. In return, pornography helps the new technology become widespread by providing distribution networks, content, motivation, and eager users. This paper aims to examine the role of pornography and the adult film industry in the rise of video recorders and analyze some examples regarding the video case in Turkey. Although the data collected from 1980s newspapers and magazines as part of the dissertation about video spectatorship in Turkey doesn’t reveal this role first-hand, there is a bond between technology and pornography. The collective viewing of video films in public space, a unique practice in Turkey, challenges the pornography-intimacy relationship and the need to own a device.

Keywords

Analog video technology pornography adult film industry video in Turkey

References

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  • “Aletlerden Değil İnsanlardan Korkmalı” (1983, Şubat). Gösteri, 27, 70. Ali Karadoğan ile kişisel görüşme, 13 Aralık 2020.
  • Alilunas, P. (2010). The Death and Life of the Back Room. Media Fields Journal, 1(1), 1-9. http://mediafieldsjournal.org/the-death-and-life-of-the-back/ Erişim Tarihi: 11.01.2022
  • Alilunas, P. K. (2013). Smutty Little Movies: The Creation and Regulation of Adult Video, 1976-1986. (Doktora tezi). Michigan Üniversitesi. https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/handle/2027.42/99760 Erişim Tarihi: 18.10.2021
  • Alilunas, P. (2016). Smutty Little Movies: The Creation and Regulation of Adult Video. Oakland, California: University of California. https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=PaswDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA36&lpg=PA36&dq=smutty+little+movies+chapter+2&source=bl&ots=-f_RVbYqfK&sig=ACfU3U2vZbdWmHjbMny_dY7-Ndeiq3PMPg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjlxYH2xtTzAhWYhv0HHQX8DrgQ6AF6BAgJEAM#v=onepage&q=smutty%20little%20movies%20chapter%202&f=false Erişim Tarihi: 18.10.2021
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  • Anderson, P. T. (Yönetmen). (1997). Boogie Nights [Film]. ABD: Warner.
  • Arık, H. (2009). Kahvehanede Erkek Olmak: Kamusal Alanda Erkek Egemenliğin Antropolojisi. A. Alkan (Der.), Cins Cins Mekân (s. 168-201). İstanbul: Varlık.
  • Armes, R. (2001). On Video. Londra & New York: Routledge. Orijinal metin 1988 tarihlidir.
  • Ayata, S. (1988). Kentsel Orta Sınıf Ailelerde Statü Yarışması ve Salon Kullanımı. Toplum ve Bilim, 42, 5-25.
  • Bakker, P. & Taalas, S. (2007). The Irresistible Rise of Porn: The Untold Story of a Global Industry. Observatorio Journal, 1, 99-118. https://doi.org/10.15847/OBSOBS11200761
  • Barss, P. (2010). The Erotic Engine: How Pornography Has Powered Mass Communication from Gutenberg to Google. Kanada: Doubleday Canada. eISBN: 978-0-307-37599-5.
  • Belgil, V. (1983). Videonun Vaadleri. Milliyet Sanat, 83, 8-9.
  • Benson-Allott, C. (2013). Killer Tapes and Shattered Screens: Video Spectatorship from VHS to File Sharing. Berkeley & Los Angeles: University of California.
  • Boyd, D. A. & Straubhaar, J. D. (1985). Developmental Impact of the Home Video Cassette Recorder on Third World Countries. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 29(1), 5-21. DOI: 10.1080/08838158509386560
  • Buzzell, T. (2005). Demographic Characteristics of Persons Using Pornography in Three Technological Contexts. Sexuality & Culture, 9(1), 28-48. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02908761
  • Chalfen, R. (1987). Snapshot Versions of Life. Ohio: Bowling Green State University. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/baskentebooks/detail.action?docID=3444963&query=richard+chalfen
  • Coopersmith, J. (1998). Pornography, Technology and Progress. Icon, (4), 94-125. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23785961
  • Coopersmith, J. (2009). Failure & Technology. Japan Journal of Science, Technology & Society, 18, 93-118. https://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/188538
  • Coopersmith, J. (2010). Old Technologies Never Die, They Just Don’t Get Updated. International Journal for the History of Engineering & Technology, 80(2), 166-182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/175812110X12714133353678
  • Çelik, N. (1987, 20 Ocak). Tüketim Patladı. Cumhuriyet, baş sayfa ve 13.
  • Devlet Sinema Endüstrisi’ne Yardım Edecek mi? (1982, Ekim). Film Market, 1, 20.
  • Dört Porno Kasete 2 milyon lira Ceza (1986, 12 Nisan). Milliyet, 2.
  • Edgley, C. & Kiser, K. (1982). Polaroid Sex: Deviant Possibilities in a Technological Age. The Journal of American Culture, 5(1), 59-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-734X.1982.0501_59.x
  • Erdoğan, N. (2001). Üç Seyirci: Popüler Eğlence Biçimlerinin Alımlanması Üzerine Notlar. Doğu Batı, 15, 117-127.
  • Erel, T. (1982, 18 Aralık). Canavar Gibi. Milliyet, 8.
  • Erel, T. (1983a, 3 Mart). Dil Engeli Kurtarmaz. Milliyet, 8 ve 10.
  • Erel, T. (1983b, 23 Mart). Kasıklardaki Sancı. Milliyet, 8.
  • Erel, T. (1984, 16 Mart). Gönül Oy İster Kahve Bahane. Milliyet, 6.
  • Friedman, D. F. & Chute, D. (1986). Wages of Sin, II. Film Comment, 22(5), 56-61. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43453353
  • Garlick, S. (2010). Taking Control of Sex? Hegemonic Masculinity, Technology and Internet Pornography. Men and Masculinities, 12(5), 597-614. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1097184X09341360
  • Gön, A. (2021). Videonun Biyografisi: Değişen Seyircilik Pratikleri ve Türkiye’de Video. (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi). Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Greenberg, J. M. (2008). From Betamax to Blockbuster: Video Stores and the Invention of Movies on Video. Massachusetts: MIT. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/baskent-ebooks/detail.action?docID=3338787&query=betamax
  • Güner, A. (1986, 28 Mayıs). 250 bin Kişi İcra Korkusunda. Milliyet, 14.
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  • Haynes, J. (2007). Video Boom: Nigeria and Ghana. Postcolonial Text, 3(2), 1-10. https://www.postcolonial.org/index.php/pct/article/view/522
  • Heffernan, K. (2015). Seen as a Business: Adult Film’s Historical Framework and Foundations. L. Comella & S. Tarrant (Ed.), New Views on Pornography: Sexuality, Politics and the Law (s. 37-56). Santa Barbara, California: Praeger. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/baskent-ebooks/detail.action?docID=1930115&query=new+views+on+pornography
  • Herbert, D. (2014). Videoland: Movie Culture at the American Video Store. Berkeley & Los Angeles: University of California. http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/baskent-ebooks/detail.action?docID=1589129.
  • Herbert, D. (2017). Nostalgia Merchants: VHS Distribution in the Era of Digital Delivery. Journal of Film and Video, 69(2), 3-19. https://doi.org/10.5406/jfilmvideo.69.2.0003
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Analog Videonun "Pornografi Yılları" ve Türkiye'de Video

Year 2022, Issue: 36, 87 - 108, 27.06.2022

Aslı Gön

https://doi.org/10.16878/gsuilet.1068224

Abstract

Analog video, ana akım görsel-işitsel bir medyuma dönüşmeden önce, yeni teknolojileri kullanma konusunda öncü olan yetişkin film endüstrisi tarafından hızla benimsenir. Bu karşılıklı ilişki iki taraf için de avantajlıdır: Endüstri pratiklerini, içerik ve estetiği dönüştüren teknoloji, daha fazla kazanç sağlar; pornografi müdavimlerinin taleplerini karşılar ve endüstriye katkıda bulunur. Karşılığında pornografi ise dağıtım ağı, içerik, motivasyon ve mevcut hevesli kullanıcılar sunarak teknolojinin yaygınlaşmasında rol oynar. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmanın amacı video kaydediciler ve kasetlerin yaygınlaşmasında pornografi ve yetişkin film endüstrisinin rolünü gözden geçirmek ve Türkiye’deki duruma ilişkin bazı örnekleri incelemektir. Türkiye’de video seyirciliği ile ilgili doktora tezi kapsamında 1980’lerde yayınlanan gazete ve dergilerden elde edilen veri bu rolü doğrudan ortaya koymamakla birlikte teknoloji ve pornografi arasında bir bağ olduğu görülür. Türkiye’de özgün bir seyircilik pratiği olarak umuma açık alanlarda kolektif şekilde videoda film izlemek ise pornografi ve mahremiyet ilişkisi ile cihaz mülkiyetinin gerekliliğini tartışmalı hale getirir.

Keywords

Analog video teknoloji pornografi yetişkin film endüstrisi Türkiye’de video

References

  • Açık Yerlerde Videoda Seks Filmi Gösterenlere Hapis Cezası İstendi (1984, 12 Ekim). Cumhuriyet, 12.
  • Agrawal, B. C. (1986). Cultural Response to Communication Revolution: Many Modes of Video Use in India. Gazette, 38, 29-41. DOI:10.1177/001654928603800103
  • “Aletlerden Değil İnsanlardan Korkmalı” (1983, Şubat). Gösteri, 27, 70. Ali Karadoğan ile kişisel görüşme, 13 Aralık 2020.
  • Alilunas, P. (2010). The Death and Life of the Back Room. Media Fields Journal, 1(1), 1-9. http://mediafieldsjournal.org/the-death-and-life-of-the-back/ Erişim Tarihi: 11.01.2022
  • Alilunas, P. K. (2013). Smutty Little Movies: The Creation and Regulation of Adult Video, 1976-1986. (Doktora tezi). Michigan Üniversitesi. https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/handle/2027.42/99760 Erişim Tarihi: 18.10.2021
  • Alilunas, P. (2016). Smutty Little Movies: The Creation and Regulation of Adult Video. Oakland, California: University of California. https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=PaswDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA36&lpg=PA36&dq=smutty+little+movies+chapter+2&source=bl&ots=-f_RVbYqfK&sig=ACfU3U2vZbdWmHjbMny_dY7-Ndeiq3PMPg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjlxYH2xtTzAhWYhv0HHQX8DrgQ6AF6BAgJEAM#v=onepage&q=smutty%20little%20movies%20chapter%202&f=false Erişim Tarihi: 18.10.2021
  • Alpaslan, S. (1981, 29 Ağustos). Türkiye’de Herkes Video Kaset İçin Yüz Liralık Döviz Ödedi. Cumhuriyet, 4.
  • Anderson, P. T. (Yönetmen). (1997). Boogie Nights [Film]. ABD: Warner.
  • Arık, H. (2009). Kahvehanede Erkek Olmak: Kamusal Alanda Erkek Egemenliğin Antropolojisi. A. Alkan (Der.), Cins Cins Mekân (s. 168-201). İstanbul: Varlık.
  • Armes, R. (2001). On Video. Londra & New York: Routledge. Orijinal metin 1988 tarihlidir.
  • Ayata, S. (1988). Kentsel Orta Sınıf Ailelerde Statü Yarışması ve Salon Kullanımı. Toplum ve Bilim, 42, 5-25.
  • Bakker, P. & Taalas, S. (2007). The Irresistible Rise of Porn: The Untold Story of a Global Industry. Observatorio Journal, 1, 99-118. https://doi.org/10.15847/OBSOBS11200761
  • Barss, P. (2010). The Erotic Engine: How Pornography Has Powered Mass Communication from Gutenberg to Google. Kanada: Doubleday Canada. eISBN: 978-0-307-37599-5.
  • Belgil, V. (1983). Videonun Vaadleri. Milliyet Sanat, 83, 8-9.
  • Benson-Allott, C. (2013). Killer Tapes and Shattered Screens: Video Spectatorship from VHS to File Sharing. Berkeley & Los Angeles: University of California.
  • Boyd, D. A. & Straubhaar, J. D. (1985). Developmental Impact of the Home Video Cassette Recorder on Third World Countries. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 29(1), 5-21. DOI: 10.1080/08838158509386560
  • Buzzell, T. (2005). Demographic Characteristics of Persons Using Pornography in Three Technological Contexts. Sexuality & Culture, 9(1), 28-48. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02908761
  • Chalfen, R. (1987). Snapshot Versions of Life. Ohio: Bowling Green State University. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/baskentebooks/detail.action?docID=3444963&query=richard+chalfen
  • Coopersmith, J. (1998). Pornography, Technology and Progress. Icon, (4), 94-125. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23785961
  • Coopersmith, J. (2009). Failure & Technology. Japan Journal of Science, Technology & Society, 18, 93-118. https://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/188538
  • Coopersmith, J. (2010). Old Technologies Never Die, They Just Don’t Get Updated. International Journal for the History of Engineering & Technology, 80(2), 166-182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/175812110X12714133353678
  • Çelik, N. (1987, 20 Ocak). Tüketim Patladı. Cumhuriyet, baş sayfa ve 13.
  • Devlet Sinema Endüstrisi’ne Yardım Edecek mi? (1982, Ekim). Film Market, 1, 20.
  • Dört Porno Kasete 2 milyon lira Ceza (1986, 12 Nisan). Milliyet, 2.
  • Edgley, C. & Kiser, K. (1982). Polaroid Sex: Deviant Possibilities in a Technological Age. The Journal of American Culture, 5(1), 59-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-734X.1982.0501_59.x
  • Erdoğan, N. (2001). Üç Seyirci: Popüler Eğlence Biçimlerinin Alımlanması Üzerine Notlar. Doğu Batı, 15, 117-127.
  • Erel, T. (1982, 18 Aralık). Canavar Gibi. Milliyet, 8.
  • Erel, T. (1983a, 3 Mart). Dil Engeli Kurtarmaz. Milliyet, 8 ve 10.
  • Erel, T. (1983b, 23 Mart). Kasıklardaki Sancı. Milliyet, 8.
  • Erel, T. (1984, 16 Mart). Gönül Oy İster Kahve Bahane. Milliyet, 6.
  • Friedman, D. F. & Chute, D. (1986). Wages of Sin, II. Film Comment, 22(5), 56-61. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43453353
  • Garlick, S. (2010). Taking Control of Sex? Hegemonic Masculinity, Technology and Internet Pornography. Men and Masculinities, 12(5), 597-614. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1097184X09341360
  • Gön, A. (2021). Videonun Biyografisi: Değişen Seyircilik Pratikleri ve Türkiye’de Video. (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi). Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Greenberg, J. M. (2008). From Betamax to Blockbuster: Video Stores and the Invention of Movies on Video. Massachusetts: MIT. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/baskent-ebooks/detail.action?docID=3338787&query=betamax
  • Güner, A. (1986, 28 Mayıs). 250 bin Kişi İcra Korkusunda. Milliyet, 14.
  • Hangi Filmin Pazarı Daha İyi (1983, 2 Ocak). Milliyet Aktüalite, 7.
  • Haynes, J. (2007). Video Boom: Nigeria and Ghana. Postcolonial Text, 3(2), 1-10. https://www.postcolonial.org/index.php/pct/article/view/522
  • Heffernan, K. (2015). Seen as a Business: Adult Film’s Historical Framework and Foundations. L. Comella & S. Tarrant (Ed.), New Views on Pornography: Sexuality, Politics and the Law (s. 37-56). Santa Barbara, California: Praeger. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/baskent-ebooks/detail.action?docID=1930115&query=new+views+on+pornography
  • Herbert, D. (2014). Videoland: Movie Culture at the American Video Store. Berkeley & Los Angeles: University of California. http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/baskent-ebooks/detail.action?docID=1589129.
  • Herbert, D. (2017). Nostalgia Merchants: VHS Distribution in the Era of Digital Delivery. Journal of Film and Video, 69(2), 3-19. https://doi.org/10.5406/jfilmvideo.69.2.0003
  • Herkes Video ve TV Getirebilecek (1984, 6 Ocak). Milliyet, baş sayfa.
  • Hiç İkitelli’ye Gittiniz mi? (1984, 25 Kasım). Cumhuriyet, 7.
  • Hilderbrand, L. (2005). Conceptual Cinephilia: On Jon Routson’s Bootlegs. M. de Valck & M. Hagener (Ed.), Cinephilia: Movies, Love and Memory (s. 169-180). Amsterdam: Amsterdam University.
  • Hilderbrand, L. (2009a). Cinematic Promiscuity: Cinephilia after Videophilia. Framework: The Journal of Cinema and Media, 50 (1/2), 214-217. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41552555
  • Hilderbrand, L. (2009b). Inherent Vice: Bootleg Histories of Videotape and Copyright. Durham & Londra: Duke University. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/baskent-ebooks/detail.action?docID=1171732&query=inherent+vice
  • Hüner, R. (1983, Haziran). Konya Sinema İşletmecileri Bakanlık Genelgesinin Uygulanmasını İstiyor. Film Market, 9, 11.
  • İlhan, A. (1983, 18 Ocak). “Görsel” Gazete. Milliyet, 2.
  • Jennings, D. (2011). Skinflicks: The Inside Story of the X-Rated Video Industry. Dijital versiyon. https://kupdf.net/download/100-skinflicks-the-inside-story-of-the-x-rat-jennings-david_58e78fc0dc0d604a6dda97ea_pdf Erişim tarihi: 17.06.2021
  • Johnson, P. (1996). Pornography Drives Technology: Why Not to Censor the Internet. Federal Communications Law Journal, 49(1), 217-226. http://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/fclj/vol49/iss1/8 Erişim Tarihi: 18.01.2022
  • Jones, J. (2013). The VHS Generation and Their Movie Experience. K. Aveyard & A. Moran (Ed.), Watching Films: New Perspectives on Movie-Going, Exhibition and Reception (s. 389-401). Bristol & Chicago: Intellect.
  • Kadınlar Açık-Saçık Yayınlara Karşı Ortak Bir Mücadele Vermeli (1985, 12 Haziran). Milliyet, 8.
  • Kansu, I. (1981, 15 Aralık). Boşa Geçen Boş Zaman. Cumhuriyet, baş sayfa ve 10.
  • Klinger, B. (2006). Beyond the Multiplex: Cinema, New Technologies and the Home. Berkeley & Los Angeles: University of California.
  • Kuzu, H. (Haz.). (1983, Kasım). Video Anketi. Film Market Video Market Eki, 14, 3-6.
  • MacDonald, S. (1983). Confessions of a Feminist Porn Watcher. Film Quarterly, 36(3), 10-17. https://doi.org/10.2307/3697346
  • McNeil, L., Osborne, J. & Pavia, P. (2009). The Other Hollywood: The Uncensored Oral History of the Porn Film Industry. New York: Harper Collins. E-kitap ISBN 978-0-06-195548-8.
  • Mehmet Soyaslan: Sansür Belgesi Bizim Bir Malın Sahibi Olduğumuzu Belirten En Gerçekçi Belgedir (1984, Mayıs). Videosinema, 1, 69-70.
  • Memur Tam Battı (1985, 23 Şubat). Milliyet, 3.
  • Meyer, B. (1999). Popular Ghanaian Cinema and “African Heritage”. Africa Today, 46(2), 93-114. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4187269
  • Miki Filmlerine Dikkat (1983, 11 Haziran). Cumhuriyet, 5.
  • Muzır Kahveciye Beraat (1987, 26 Nisan). Milliyet, 3.
  • “Muzır” Kasete Ceza: 3 Milyon TL (1987, 9 Ocak). Cumhuriyet, 7.
  • Muzır Yasa’dan İlk Uygulama İzmir’den Geldi (1986, 22 Mart). Milliyet, 3.
  • Newman, M. Z. (2014). Video Revolutions: On the History of a Medium. New York: Colombia University.
  • Nowak, P. (2011). Sex, Bombs and Burgers: How War, Pornography and Fast Food Have Shaped Modern Technology. Guilford Connecticut: Lyons. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/baskent-ebooks/detail.action?docID=489672&query=sex+bombs+and+burgers
  • Oryantal Kasetleri Çoğalıyor (1984, Temmuz). Video & Magazin, 14, 4.
  • Öngören, M. T. (1985). “Video” Artık Burada, Bir Yere Gideceği Yok. Videosinema, 10, 70-72.
  • Özgüç, A. (1985, Temmuz-Ağustos). Yetmişlik Sinemamızın 6 Devri. Videosinema, 13, 28-31.
  • Pendakur, M. (1989). New Cultural Technologies and the Fading Glitter of Indian Cinema. Quarterly Review of Film and Video, 11(3), 69-78. DOI:10.1080/10509208909361315 Piyasadaki “Miki” Filmlere Ölüm (1985, 16 Mart). Milliyet, 7.
  • Porno (1984, Ocak). Film Market, 16, 27.
  • Porno Kasete 12 milyon Ceza (1989, 3 Ocak). Milliyet, 3.
  • Renkli Televizyon ve Video Almak İsteyenlere 2 Harika Öneri (1985, 5 Mart). Milliyet, 7.
  • Rosenbloom, R.S. & Cusumano, M.A. (1987). Technological Pioneering and Competitive Advantage: The Birth of the VCR Industry. California Management Review, 29(4), 51-76. https://doi.org/10.2307%2F41162131
  • Ruzgyte, E. (2015). History of Pornography. P. Whelehan & A. Bolin (Ed.), The International Encyclopedia of Human Sexuality (s. 1-4). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Salgırboyu, E. (1988, 24 Mayıs). Açık Öğretimde Skandal: Üniversite Kasetinde Porno Film. Hürriyet, baş sayfa ve 18. http://www.gecmisgazete.com/haber/universite-kasetinde-porno-film Erişim tarihi: 02.04.2022
  • Sarıoğlu, S. (Aralık 2001/Ocak 2002). Değişmek de Değişmemek de Yordu Beni. Birikim, 152/153, 61-67.
  • Schaefer, E. (2002). Gauging a Revolution: 16mm Film and the Rise of the Pornographic Feature. Cinema Journal, 41(3), 3-26. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1225696
  • Selçuk, İ. (1983, 23 Mart). Sesten Görüntüye. Cumhuriyet, 2.
  • Sonok, H. (Haz.). (1983, Nisan). Bugüne Nasıl Gelindi? Film Market, 7, 10.
  • Şener, E. (1985, Temmuz-Ağustos). Sinema ve Ötesi: Film İsimlerine Dikkat Edin. Videosinema, 13, 70-72.
  • Tarrant, S. (2016). The Pornography Industry: What Everyone Needs to Know. New York: Oxford University.https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/baskentebooks/detail.action?docID=4413899&query=the+pornography+industry
  • Tashiro, C. S. (1991). Videophilia: What Happens When You Wait for It on Video. Film Quarterly, 45(1), 7-17. https://doi.org/10.2307/1212669
  • Tashiro, C. (1996/1997). The Contradictions of Video Collecting. Film Quarterly, 50(2), 11-18. https://doi.org/10.2307/1213419
  • Türkili, T. (1983, Ağustos). Hüsamettin Beyin Videosu. Video & Magazin, 3, 31.
  • Türkiye Bir Hukuk Devletiyse (1985, 17 Mayıs). Cumhuriyet, 5.
  • Video 700, TV 600 bin Sınırında (1986, 2 Ağustos). Cumhuriyet, 9.
  • Video Kaset İzleyicisi Ne İstiyor? Ne İzliyor? (1990, Aralık). Video Haber, 72, 32-33.
  • Video Milyonu Aştı (1987, 19 Şubat). Cumhuriyet, 11.
  • Video“arşi” (1983, 26 Mart). Milliyet, 7.
  • Wasser, F. (2001). Veni, Vidi, Video: The Hollywood Empire and the VCR. Austin: University of Texas. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/baskent-ebooks/detail.action?docID=3443189 Williams, L. (1989). Hard Core: Power, Pleasure and the “Frenzy of the Visible”. Berkeley & Los Angeles: University of California.
  • Witkowski, J. S. (2010). Mapping Hardcore Space. Media Fields Journal, 1, 1-8. http://mediafieldsjournal.org/mapping-hardcore-space/ Erişim Tarihi: 11.01.2022
  • Yamaner, M. (1983, Haziran). Bandırma’da Video Etkinlikleri. Film Market, 9, 11.
  • Zam Yağdı (1989, 4 Ağustos). Cumhuriyet, baş sayfa ve 17.

Les « années pornographiques » de la vidéo analogique et la vidéo en Turquie

Year 2022, Issue: 36, 87 - 108, 27.06.2022

Aslı Gön

https://doi.org/10.16878/gsuilet.1068224

Abstract

L’industrie du film pour adultes, toujours à l’avant-garde en matière de nouvelles technologies, adopte rapidement la vidéo analogique avant qu'elle ne devienne un média audiovisuel grand public. L’affinité mutuelle offre des avantages aux deux parties : transformant les pratiques de l’industrie, l’esthétique et le contenu, la technologie contribue à l'industrie avec plus de profit et répond aux demandes des habitués du porno. En retour, la pornographie aide la nouvelle technologie à se généraliser en fournissant un réseau de distribution, du contenu, de la motivation et des utilisateurs avides disponibles. Par conséquent, cet article vise à examiner le rôle de la pornographie et de l'industrie du film pour adultes dans l’essor des enregistreurs vidéo et à analyser quelques exemples concernant le cas de la vidéo en Turquie. Bien que les données recueillies dans les journaux et magazines des années 1980 dans le cadre de la these de doctorat sur le visionnage vidéo en Turquie ne révèlent pas ce rôle de première main, il existe un lien entre la technologie et la pornographie. Le visionnage collectif de films vidéo dans l'espace public, une pratique typique en Turquie, remet cependant en question la relation pornographie-intimité et la nécessité de posséder un appareil.

Keywords

vidéo analogique technologie pornographie industrie du film pour adultes vidéo en Turquie

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  • Herbert, D. (2014). Videoland: Movie Culture at the American Video Store. Berkeley & Los Angeles: University of California. http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/baskent-ebooks/detail.action?docID=1589129.
  • Herbert, D. (2017). Nostalgia Merchants: VHS Distribution in the Era of Digital Delivery. Journal of Film and Video, 69(2), 3-19. https://doi.org/10.5406/jfilmvideo.69.2.0003
  • Herkes Video ve TV Getirebilecek (1984, 6 Ocak). Milliyet, baş sayfa.
  • Hiç İkitelli’ye Gittiniz mi? (1984, 25 Kasım). Cumhuriyet, 7.
  • Hilderbrand, L. (2005). Conceptual Cinephilia: On Jon Routson’s Bootlegs. M. de Valck & M. Hagener (Ed.), Cinephilia: Movies, Love and Memory (s. 169-180). Amsterdam: Amsterdam University.
  • Hilderbrand, L. (2009a). Cinematic Promiscuity: Cinephilia after Videophilia. Framework: The Journal of Cinema and Media, 50 (1/2), 214-217. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41552555
  • Hilderbrand, L. (2009b). Inherent Vice: Bootleg Histories of Videotape and Copyright. Durham & Londra: Duke University. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/baskent-ebooks/detail.action?docID=1171732&query=inherent+vice
  • Hüner, R. (1983, Haziran). Konya Sinema İşletmecileri Bakanlık Genelgesinin Uygulanmasını İstiyor. Film Market, 9, 11.
  • İlhan, A. (1983, 18 Ocak). “Görsel” Gazete. Milliyet, 2.
  • Jennings, D. (2011). Skinflicks: The Inside Story of the X-Rated Video Industry. Dijital versiyon. https://kupdf.net/download/100-skinflicks-the-inside-story-of-the-x-rat-jennings-david_58e78fc0dc0d604a6dda97ea_pdf Erişim tarihi: 17.06.2021
  • Johnson, P. (1996). Pornography Drives Technology: Why Not to Censor the Internet. Federal Communications Law Journal, 49(1), 217-226. http://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/fclj/vol49/iss1/8 Erişim Tarihi: 18.01.2022
  • Jones, J. (2013). The VHS Generation and Their Movie Experience. K. Aveyard & A. Moran (Ed.), Watching Films: New Perspectives on Movie-Going, Exhibition and Reception (s. 389-401). Bristol & Chicago: Intellect.
  • Kadınlar Açık-Saçık Yayınlara Karşı Ortak Bir Mücadele Vermeli (1985, 12 Haziran). Milliyet, 8.
  • Kansu, I. (1981, 15 Aralık). Boşa Geçen Boş Zaman. Cumhuriyet, baş sayfa ve 10.
  • Klinger, B. (2006). Beyond the Multiplex: Cinema, New Technologies and the Home. Berkeley & Los Angeles: University of California.
  • Kuzu, H. (Haz.). (1983, Kasım). Video Anketi. Film Market Video Market Eki, 14, 3-6.
  • MacDonald, S. (1983). Confessions of a Feminist Porn Watcher. Film Quarterly, 36(3), 10-17. https://doi.org/10.2307/3697346
  • McNeil, L., Osborne, J. & Pavia, P. (2009). The Other Hollywood: The Uncensored Oral History of the Porn Film Industry. New York: Harper Collins. E-kitap ISBN 978-0-06-195548-8.
  • Mehmet Soyaslan: Sansür Belgesi Bizim Bir Malın Sahibi Olduğumuzu Belirten En Gerçekçi Belgedir (1984, Mayıs). Videosinema, 1, 69-70.
  • Memur Tam Battı (1985, 23 Şubat). Milliyet, 3.
  • Meyer, B. (1999). Popular Ghanaian Cinema and “African Heritage”. Africa Today, 46(2), 93-114. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4187269
  • Miki Filmlerine Dikkat (1983, 11 Haziran). Cumhuriyet, 5.
  • Muzır Kahveciye Beraat (1987, 26 Nisan). Milliyet, 3.
  • “Muzır” Kasete Ceza: 3 Milyon TL (1987, 9 Ocak). Cumhuriyet, 7.
  • Muzır Yasa’dan İlk Uygulama İzmir’den Geldi (1986, 22 Mart). Milliyet, 3.
  • Newman, M. Z. (2014). Video Revolutions: On the History of a Medium. New York: Colombia University.
  • Nowak, P. (2011). Sex, Bombs and Burgers: How War, Pornography and Fast Food Have Shaped Modern Technology. Guilford Connecticut: Lyons. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/baskent-ebooks/detail.action?docID=489672&query=sex+bombs+and+burgers
  • Oryantal Kasetleri Çoğalıyor (1984, Temmuz). Video & Magazin, 14, 4.
  • Öngören, M. T. (1985). “Video” Artık Burada, Bir Yere Gideceği Yok. Videosinema, 10, 70-72.
  • Özgüç, A. (1985, Temmuz-Ağustos). Yetmişlik Sinemamızın 6 Devri. Videosinema, 13, 28-31.
  • Pendakur, M. (1989). New Cultural Technologies and the Fading Glitter of Indian Cinema. Quarterly Review of Film and Video, 11(3), 69-78. DOI:10.1080/10509208909361315 Piyasadaki “Miki” Filmlere Ölüm (1985, 16 Mart). Milliyet, 7.
  • Porno (1984, Ocak). Film Market, 16, 27.
  • Porno Kasete 12 milyon Ceza (1989, 3 Ocak). Milliyet, 3.
  • Renkli Televizyon ve Video Almak İsteyenlere 2 Harika Öneri (1985, 5 Mart). Milliyet, 7.
  • Rosenbloom, R.S. & Cusumano, M.A. (1987). Technological Pioneering and Competitive Advantage: The Birth of the VCR Industry. California Management Review, 29(4), 51-76. https://doi.org/10.2307%2F41162131
  • Ruzgyte, E. (2015). History of Pornography. P. Whelehan & A. Bolin (Ed.), The International Encyclopedia of Human Sexuality (s. 1-4). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Salgırboyu, E. (1988, 24 Mayıs). Açık Öğretimde Skandal: Üniversite Kasetinde Porno Film. Hürriyet, baş sayfa ve 18. http://www.gecmisgazete.com/haber/universite-kasetinde-porno-film Erişim tarihi: 02.04.2022
  • Sarıoğlu, S. (Aralık 2001/Ocak 2002). Değişmek de Değişmemek de Yordu Beni. Birikim, 152/153, 61-67.
  • Schaefer, E. (2002). Gauging a Revolution: 16mm Film and the Rise of the Pornographic Feature. Cinema Journal, 41(3), 3-26. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1225696
  • Selçuk, İ. (1983, 23 Mart). Sesten Görüntüye. Cumhuriyet, 2.
  • Sonok, H. (Haz.). (1983, Nisan). Bugüne Nasıl Gelindi? Film Market, 7, 10.
  • Şener, E. (1985, Temmuz-Ağustos). Sinema ve Ötesi: Film İsimlerine Dikkat Edin. Videosinema, 13, 70-72.
  • Tarrant, S. (2016). The Pornography Industry: What Everyone Needs to Know. New York: Oxford University.https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/baskentebooks/detail.action?docID=4413899&query=the+pornography+industry
  • Tashiro, C. S. (1991). Videophilia: What Happens When You Wait for It on Video. Film Quarterly, 45(1), 7-17. https://doi.org/10.2307/1212669
  • Tashiro, C. (1996/1997). The Contradictions of Video Collecting. Film Quarterly, 50(2), 11-18. https://doi.org/10.2307/1213419
  • Türkili, T. (1983, Ağustos). Hüsamettin Beyin Videosu. Video & Magazin, 3, 31.
  • Türkiye Bir Hukuk Devletiyse (1985, 17 Mayıs). Cumhuriyet, 5.
  • Video 700, TV 600 bin Sınırında (1986, 2 Ağustos). Cumhuriyet, 9.
  • Video Kaset İzleyicisi Ne İstiyor? Ne İzliyor? (1990, Aralık). Video Haber, 72, 32-33.
  • Video Milyonu Aştı (1987, 19 Şubat). Cumhuriyet, 11.
  • Video“arşi” (1983, 26 Mart). Milliyet, 7.
  • Wasser, F. (2001). Veni, Vidi, Video: The Hollywood Empire and the VCR. Austin: University of Texas. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/baskent-ebooks/detail.action?docID=3443189 Williams, L. (1989). Hard Core: Power, Pleasure and the “Frenzy of the Visible”. Berkeley & Los Angeles: University of California.
  • Witkowski, J. S. (2010). Mapping Hardcore Space. Media Fields Journal, 1, 1-8. http://mediafieldsjournal.org/mapping-hardcore-space/ Erişim Tarihi: 11.01.2022
  • Yamaner, M. (1983, Haziran). Bandırma’da Video Etkinlikleri. Film Market, 9, 11.
  • Zam Yağdı (1989, 4 Ağustos). Cumhuriyet, baş sayfa ve 17.
There are 93 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Aslı Gön 0000-0003-1036-2673

Publication Date June 27, 2022
Acceptance Date June 16, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022Issue: 36

Cite

APA Gön, A. (2022). Analog Videonun "Pornografi Yılları" ve Türkiye’de Video. Galatasaray Üniversitesi İletişim Dergisi(36), 87-108. https://doi.org/10.16878/gsuilet.1068224
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