Yıl 2009,
Sayı: 11, 27 - 50, 01.08.2009
Öz
In today's world, everything is formed by customer's requests and needs, so to determine what these requests and needs are and to perform integrated marketing activities according to these create a significant competitive advantage to brands. Especially, calling out to the consumers appropriately in countries which represent cultural diversity makes it easy to reach for marketing purposes. At this point, considering the cultural identity of people living in that country and planning the ethnic marketing functions accordingly has become a requirement for brands. In this article, titled "Ethnic Marketing and Ethnic Advertising", primarily the conceptofethnic identity will be explained by reviewing the literature in depth, then development of ethnic marketing and ethnic advertising in the world is and how important the term ethnic identity for advertising and brand world will be proved.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- CORTESE, Anthony J. (2004), Provocateur Images of Women and Minorities in Advertising, Rowman & Littlefield.
- BIAGI, Shirley; KERN-FOXWORTH, Marilyn (1997), Facing Difference: Race, Gender, and Mass Media, Pine Forge Pres.
- PIRES, Guilherme D., STANTON, John (2005), Ethnic Marketing Accepting Challenge of Cultural Diversity, Thomson Learning, First Edition.
- BARTH, Isabelle ve BOYER, André (2008), Le Défi Ethique du Marketing Ethnique, http://www.escp-eap.net/conferences/marketing/2008_cp/Materiali/ Paper/Fr/Barth_Boyer.pdf
- BURTON, Dawn (2002), “Incorporating Ethnicity into Marketing Intelligence and Planning”. Market Intelligence and Planning, Vol.20, No.7, ss. 442-451.
- CUI, G., (2001), Marketing to Ethnic Minority Consumers: A Historical Journey (1932-1997), Journal of Macromarketing, 21; 23.
- DIMOFTE, Claudia V., FOREHAND Mark R. ve DESPANDE Rohit (Winter/2004), Ad Schema Incongruity As Elicitor Of Ethnic Self-Awareness And Different›al Advertising Response, Journal of Advertising, Vol.32, Iss. 4; s. 7, 11 pgs, http://proquest.umi.com
- DUBLISH, Sandipa (2001), Advertising to Ethnic Subcultures: A Study with Bilingual Korean-Americans, Asia Pasific Journal of Marketing and Logistic, Vol.13, Issue:2, ss.23-44., http://www.emeraldinsight.com
- ELLIOTT, Tim (1997), “Ethnic communities prefer TV”, Professional Marketing, February/March, s. 7.
- MARSHALL, Kirk (1998), “Advertisers need practice on a multicultural pitch”, The Australian Financial Review, Tuesday May 5, s. 42. akt. Pascale G. Quester and CHONG I., Validating acculturation models: the case of the AustralianChinese consumers, Journal of Consumer Marketing, Vol.18 No.3, 2001, ss.203-21.
- ERDEM, Kutay; SCHMIDT, Ruth A., (2008), Ethnic marketing for Turks in Germany, International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, Vol. 36 No. 3, ss. 212-223.
- GRAHAM, John L.; KAMINS, Michael A.; OETOMO, Djoko. S. (June 1993), Content Analysis of German and Japanese Advertising in Print Media from Indonesia, Spain, and the United States, Journal of Advertising, Vol.22:2, http://proquest.umi.com
- HOLLAND, Jonna; GENTRY James W. (Spring 1999), Ethnic consumer reaction to targeted marketing: a theory of intercultural accommodation, Journal of Advertising, v28 i1 s. 65.
- KURT, Osman (2009), “TRT 6 Tuzlu Mu Olacak, Hayirli Mi?”, Türkiye Businessweek, Sayi: 5, 8-14 fiubat.
- MCDONALD, Gibran; CALLOW, Michael (December 2005). The 'Spanglification' of Advertising Campaigns in Hispanic Media? A Comparison of Approaches in Spanish-only and Dual Language Magazines, Journal of Marketing Communications, Vol. 11, No. 4, 283-295.
- MORRISON, Mary Eileen (1997) Burnett, Ethnic Shop Hit Goals Along Different Path, Advertising Age, Chicago, No:17, Vol:68, http://proquest.umi.com
- NWANKWO, Sonny; LINDRIDGE, Andrew (1998). Marketing to Ethnic Minorities in Britian, Journal of Marketing Practice Applied Marketing Science, Vol.4, No.7, pp. 200-216.
- QUESTER, Pascale G.; KARUNARATNA, Amal; CHONG, Irene (2001), Australian Chinese Consumers, Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 13:3,7-28.
- SENGES, Anne (2003) Marketing Ethnique, La Presse http://www.annesenges. com/publicity/lapresse.htm
- SHAMDASANI, Prem. N.; TOUCHSTON, Ellen E. ve KOSLOW, Scott (March 1994) Exploring Language Effects in Ethnic Advertising: A Sociolinguistic Perspective, Journal Of Consumer Research, Inc., Vol.20.
- SIRKECI Ibrahim (2008). Ingilizce orijinalinin tercümesine dayalibir Türkçe uyarlamasidir. Orijinal makalenin atif detayi: (2009) "Ethnic Marketing Potential in England and Wales: New evidence from the 2001 UK Census", Asian Journal of Marketing, Vol.2, No.1, ss.1-9.
- BABA Jatong Ahmed (2003) An Examination of the Influence of Personal Values and ethnic Identity on Black Students Sport Consumption Behavior, Ohio State University, Doctor of Philosophy, USA.
- GUICHARD, Sandrine., DI CICCONE, Remy Lubrano (Spring, 2008) Ethnic TV Advertising in France, Dissertation University of Halmstad, School of Business and Engineering.
- SANTA ANA Jeffrey (2003). Critical Emotions:Affect, Plitics, and Ethnic American Literature in an Age of Global Capitalism, University of Pennysylvania, Doctor of Philosophy, USA.
- WILLIAMS Jacqueline A. (1995) The Effect of Ethnic and American Identification on Consumers’ Responses to Ethnic Advertising Appeals, The Florida State University, Doctor of Philosophy, USA.
- SEN, Faruk (2009) Almanya’daki Türkler Etnik Pazar› Canland›r›yor, www.kobifinans. com
- WENTZ, Laurel (10 Haziran 2002), Anatomy Of An Ethnic Advertising Review Chrysler Tries to Reinvent Minority Marketing, www.adage.com
- Osmanli imparatorlugu'nda Nestlé'nin Pazarlama Stratejileri http://bianet.org/ biamag/ekonomi/106426-
- Biji Marketing!, http://www.mediacatonline.com/tr-2.03.2009
- http://www.aef.com/industry/news/data/2002/2045-23.03.2009
- Ethnic Advertising, http://multiculture.com.au- 15.03.2006
- Ethnic Marketing In Eight Easy Steps, www.unitednationsplaza.org-12.09.2009.
- Ethnic Marketing, http://www.onpo›nt-marketing.com-15.03.2006
- Ethnic Marketing, http://ethnics.com-12.09.2009
- Ethnic Marketing, http://www.sba.gov.tr-12.09.2009
- Ethnic Marketing, htpp://www.mani-folddatamining.com-15.03.2006
- Ethnic Marketing, http://www.allied-media.com-15.03.2006
- Ethnic Marketing, http://www.fusemarketing.com/Ethnic_Marketing
- Ethnic media and ethnic advertising, http://us.acnielsen.com-15.03.2006
- Kültür ve Pazarlama, www.econturk.org-12.09.2009
- Kürtçe Reklam ve Etnik Pazarlama, http://www.pazar-lamaca.com-18.04.2009
- La Publicite Destinee Aux Minorites Ethniques Aux USA, http://visionary marketing.com/articles/pubethnique/pubethnique1.html
- La Publicité Ethnique à Destination de la Communauté Noire en France, www.academon.fr
- Le marketing ethnique, http://www.businesspme.com/articles/marketing/162/ le-marketing-ethnique.html
- Pazarlamada Yeni Kavramlar, http://www.tuggip.com/index.php/pazarlama
- Pazarlamada “Alevi” Açilimi, http://www.marketingturkiye.com, 29.10.2009.
- Radikal ilk Kürtçe Reklam, http://videonuz.ensonhaber.com.29.10.2009.
- HIZAL, Dündar, (28 Nisan 2009) Deng Adaptation Reklam Ajansi, Yaratici Grup Direktörü, “Türkiye’de Etnik Reklamcilik ve Mevcut Durum”
- DEMIRCI, Özgür, (15 Temmuz 2009), Medya Com, “Türkiye’de Etnik Reklamcilik ve Mevcut Durum”
Yıl 2009,
Sayı: 11, 27 - 50, 01.08.2009
Öz
Dans le monde actuel où tout est determine par les désirs et les besoins des clients, le fait de relever ces derniers afin d'effectuer les opérations de marketing integrées crée un avantage important auxmarques pour la concurrence. En particulier dans les pays culturellement diversifiés, adresser aux consommateurs en fonction de leur désir et de leur besoin facilite d'atteindre les buts de marketing en question. A ce point, ne pas ignorer les identités culturelles de la population de ce pays, et faire une planification des activités de marketing ethnique sont devenus une nécessité pour ces marques. Dans cet article intitulé "La publicité éthnique et le marketing éthnique", nous allons, au premier abord, tenter d'expliquer le concept d'identité éthnique en faisant une révision approfondie de la littérature existante, pour ensuite démontrer le rôle important de la publicité et le marketing éthnique et de son développement au sein du monde de la publicité et du marketing.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- CORTESE, Anthony J. (2004), Provocateur Images of Women and Minorities in Advertising, Rowman & Littlefield.
- BIAGI, Shirley; KERN-FOXWORTH, Marilyn (1997), Facing Difference: Race, Gender, and Mass Media, Pine Forge Pres.
- PIRES, Guilherme D., STANTON, John (2005), Ethnic Marketing Accepting Challenge of Cultural Diversity, Thomson Learning, First Edition.
- BARTH, Isabelle ve BOYER, André (2008), Le Défi Ethique du Marketing Ethnique, http://www.escp-eap.net/conferences/marketing/2008_cp/Materiali/ Paper/Fr/Barth_Boyer.pdf
- BURTON, Dawn (2002), “Incorporating Ethnicity into Marketing Intelligence and Planning”. Market Intelligence and Planning, Vol.20, No.7, ss. 442-451.
- CUI, G., (2001), Marketing to Ethnic Minority Consumers: A Historical Journey (1932-1997), Journal of Macromarketing, 21; 23.
- DIMOFTE, Claudia V., FOREHAND Mark R. ve DESPANDE Rohit (Winter/2004), Ad Schema Incongruity As Elicitor Of Ethnic Self-Awareness And Different›al Advertising Response, Journal of Advertising, Vol.32, Iss. 4; s. 7, 11 pgs, http://proquest.umi.com
- DUBLISH, Sandipa (2001), Advertising to Ethnic Subcultures: A Study with Bilingual Korean-Americans, Asia Pasific Journal of Marketing and Logistic, Vol.13, Issue:2, ss.23-44., http://www.emeraldinsight.com
- ELLIOTT, Tim (1997), “Ethnic communities prefer TV”, Professional Marketing, February/March, s. 7.
- MARSHALL, Kirk (1998), “Advertisers need practice on a multicultural pitch”, The Australian Financial Review, Tuesday May 5, s. 42. akt. Pascale G. Quester and CHONG I., Validating acculturation models: the case of the AustralianChinese consumers, Journal of Consumer Marketing, Vol.18 No.3, 2001, ss.203-21.
- ERDEM, Kutay; SCHMIDT, Ruth A., (2008), Ethnic marketing for Turks in Germany, International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, Vol. 36 No. 3, ss. 212-223.
- GRAHAM, John L.; KAMINS, Michael A.; OETOMO, Djoko. S. (June 1993), Content Analysis of German and Japanese Advertising in Print Media from Indonesia, Spain, and the United States, Journal of Advertising, Vol.22:2, http://proquest.umi.com
- HOLLAND, Jonna; GENTRY James W. (Spring 1999), Ethnic consumer reaction to targeted marketing: a theory of intercultural accommodation, Journal of Advertising, v28 i1 s. 65.
- KURT, Osman (2009), “TRT 6 Tuzlu Mu Olacak, Hayirli Mi?”, Türkiye Businessweek, Sayi: 5, 8-14 fiubat.
- MCDONALD, Gibran; CALLOW, Michael (December 2005). The 'Spanglification' of Advertising Campaigns in Hispanic Media? A Comparison of Approaches in Spanish-only and Dual Language Magazines, Journal of Marketing Communications, Vol. 11, No. 4, 283-295.
- MORRISON, Mary Eileen (1997) Burnett, Ethnic Shop Hit Goals Along Different Path, Advertising Age, Chicago, No:17, Vol:68, http://proquest.umi.com
- NWANKWO, Sonny; LINDRIDGE, Andrew (1998). Marketing to Ethnic Minorities in Britian, Journal of Marketing Practice Applied Marketing Science, Vol.4, No.7, pp. 200-216.
- QUESTER, Pascale G.; KARUNARATNA, Amal; CHONG, Irene (2001), Australian Chinese Consumers, Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 13:3,7-28.
- SENGES, Anne (2003) Marketing Ethnique, La Presse http://www.annesenges. com/publicity/lapresse.htm
- SHAMDASANI, Prem. N.; TOUCHSTON, Ellen E. ve KOSLOW, Scott (March 1994) Exploring Language Effects in Ethnic Advertising: A Sociolinguistic Perspective, Journal Of Consumer Research, Inc., Vol.20.
- SIRKECI Ibrahim (2008). Ingilizce orijinalinin tercümesine dayalibir Türkçe uyarlamasidir. Orijinal makalenin atif detayi: (2009) "Ethnic Marketing Potential in England and Wales: New evidence from the 2001 UK Census", Asian Journal of Marketing, Vol.2, No.1, ss.1-9.
- BABA Jatong Ahmed (2003) An Examination of the Influence of Personal Values and ethnic Identity on Black Students Sport Consumption Behavior, Ohio State University, Doctor of Philosophy, USA.
- GUICHARD, Sandrine., DI CICCONE, Remy Lubrano (Spring, 2008) Ethnic TV Advertising in France, Dissertation University of Halmstad, School of Business and Engineering.
- SANTA ANA Jeffrey (2003). Critical Emotions:Affect, Plitics, and Ethnic American Literature in an Age of Global Capitalism, University of Pennysylvania, Doctor of Philosophy, USA.
- WILLIAMS Jacqueline A. (1995) The Effect of Ethnic and American Identification on Consumers’ Responses to Ethnic Advertising Appeals, The Florida State University, Doctor of Philosophy, USA.
- SEN, Faruk (2009) Almanya’daki Türkler Etnik Pazar› Canland›r›yor, www.kobifinans. com
- WENTZ, Laurel (10 Haziran 2002), Anatomy Of An Ethnic Advertising Review Chrysler Tries to Reinvent Minority Marketing, www.adage.com
- Osmanli imparatorlugu'nda Nestlé'nin Pazarlama Stratejileri http://bianet.org/ biamag/ekonomi/106426-
- Biji Marketing!, http://www.mediacatonline.com/tr-2.03.2009
- http://www.aef.com/industry/news/data/2002/2045-23.03.2009
- Ethnic Advertising, http://multiculture.com.au- 15.03.2006
- Ethnic Marketing In Eight Easy Steps, www.unitednationsplaza.org-12.09.2009.
- Ethnic Marketing, http://www.onpo›nt-marketing.com-15.03.2006
- Ethnic Marketing, http://ethnics.com-12.09.2009
- Ethnic Marketing, http://www.sba.gov.tr-12.09.2009
- Ethnic Marketing, htpp://www.mani-folddatamining.com-15.03.2006
- Ethnic Marketing, http://www.allied-media.com-15.03.2006
- Ethnic Marketing, http://www.fusemarketing.com/Ethnic_Marketing
- Ethnic media and ethnic advertising, http://us.acnielsen.com-15.03.2006
- Kültür ve Pazarlama, www.econturk.org-12.09.2009
- Kürtçe Reklam ve Etnik Pazarlama, http://www.pazar-lamaca.com-18.04.2009
- La Publicite Destinee Aux Minorites Ethniques Aux USA, http://visionary marketing.com/articles/pubethnique/pubethnique1.html
- La Publicité Ethnique à Destination de la Communauté Noire en France, www.academon.fr
- Le marketing ethnique, http://www.businesspme.com/articles/marketing/162/ le-marketing-ethnique.html
- Pazarlamada Yeni Kavramlar, http://www.tuggip.com/index.php/pazarlama
- Pazarlamada “Alevi” Açilimi, http://www.marketingturkiye.com, 29.10.2009.
- Radikal ilk Kürtçe Reklam, http://videonuz.ensonhaber.com.29.10.2009.
- HIZAL, Dündar, (28 Nisan 2009) Deng Adaptation Reklam Ajansi, Yaratici Grup Direktörü, “Türkiye’de Etnik Reklamcilik ve Mevcut Durum”
- DEMIRCI, Özgür, (15 Temmuz 2009), Medya Com, “Türkiye’de Etnik Reklamcilik ve Mevcut Durum”
Yıl 2009,
Sayı: 11, 27 - 50, 01.08.2009
Öz
Her şeyin müşterinin isteklerine ve ihtiyaçlarına göre şekillendiği günümüz dünyasında bu isteklerin ve ihtiyaçların nelerolduğunu saptamak ve buna göre entegre pazarlama faaliyetleri gerçekleştirmek markalara önemli birrekabet avantajı yaratmaktadır. Özellikle kültürel yönden çeşitlilik gösteren ülkelerde tüketicilere istediği ve ihtiyacı olan şekilde seslenmek söz konusu pazarlama amaçlarına ulaşmayı kolaylaştırmaktadır. Bu noktada o ülkede yaşayan insanların kültürel kimliklerinin göz ardı edilmemesi ve buna göre etnik pazarlama faaliyetlerinin planlanması, markalar için bir gereklilik halini almıştır. "Etnik Pazarlama ve Etnik Reklamcılık" başlıklı bu makalede, literatür taraması yapılarak öncelikle etnik kimlik kavramı açıklanacak, ardından etnik pazarlama ve etnikreklamcılığın dünyadaki gelişimi ve etnik kimliğin pazarlama, reklam ve markalar dünyası için nasıl bir öneme sahip olduğu ortaya konmaya çalışılacaktır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- CORTESE, Anthony J. (2004), Provocateur Images of Women and Minorities in Advertising, Rowman & Littlefield.
- BIAGI, Shirley; KERN-FOXWORTH, Marilyn (1997), Facing Difference: Race, Gender, and Mass Media, Pine Forge Pres.
- PIRES, Guilherme D., STANTON, John (2005), Ethnic Marketing Accepting Challenge of Cultural Diversity, Thomson Learning, First Edition.
- BARTH, Isabelle ve BOYER, André (2008), Le Défi Ethique du Marketing Ethnique, http://www.escp-eap.net/conferences/marketing/2008_cp/Materiali/ Paper/Fr/Barth_Boyer.pdf
- BURTON, Dawn (2002), “Incorporating Ethnicity into Marketing Intelligence and Planning”. Market Intelligence and Planning, Vol.20, No.7, ss. 442-451.
- CUI, G., (2001), Marketing to Ethnic Minority Consumers: A Historical Journey (1932-1997), Journal of Macromarketing, 21; 23.
- DIMOFTE, Claudia V., FOREHAND Mark R. ve DESPANDE Rohit (Winter/2004), Ad Schema Incongruity As Elicitor Of Ethnic Self-Awareness And Different›al Advertising Response, Journal of Advertising, Vol.32, Iss. 4; s. 7, 11 pgs, http://proquest.umi.com
- DUBLISH, Sandipa (2001), Advertising to Ethnic Subcultures: A Study with Bilingual Korean-Americans, Asia Pasific Journal of Marketing and Logistic, Vol.13, Issue:2, ss.23-44., http://www.emeraldinsight.com
- ELLIOTT, Tim (1997), “Ethnic communities prefer TV”, Professional Marketing, February/March, s. 7.
- MARSHALL, Kirk (1998), “Advertisers need practice on a multicultural pitch”, The Australian Financial Review, Tuesday May 5, s. 42. akt. Pascale G. Quester and CHONG I., Validating acculturation models: the case of the AustralianChinese consumers, Journal of Consumer Marketing, Vol.18 No.3, 2001, ss.203-21.
- ERDEM, Kutay; SCHMIDT, Ruth A., (2008), Ethnic marketing for Turks in Germany, International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, Vol. 36 No. 3, ss. 212-223.
- GRAHAM, John L.; KAMINS, Michael A.; OETOMO, Djoko. S. (June 1993), Content Analysis of German and Japanese Advertising in Print Media from Indonesia, Spain, and the United States, Journal of Advertising, Vol.22:2, http://proquest.umi.com
- HOLLAND, Jonna; GENTRY James W. (Spring 1999), Ethnic consumer reaction to targeted marketing: a theory of intercultural accommodation, Journal of Advertising, v28 i1 s. 65.
- KURT, Osman (2009), “TRT 6 Tuzlu Mu Olacak, Hayirli Mi?”, Türkiye Businessweek, Sayi: 5, 8-14 fiubat.
- MCDONALD, Gibran; CALLOW, Michael (December 2005). The 'Spanglification' of Advertising Campaigns in Hispanic Media? A Comparison of Approaches in Spanish-only and Dual Language Magazines, Journal of Marketing Communications, Vol. 11, No. 4, 283-295.
- MORRISON, Mary Eileen (1997) Burnett, Ethnic Shop Hit Goals Along Different Path, Advertising Age, Chicago, No:17, Vol:68, http://proquest.umi.com
- NWANKWO, Sonny; LINDRIDGE, Andrew (1998). Marketing to Ethnic Minorities in Britian, Journal of Marketing Practice Applied Marketing Science, Vol.4, No.7, pp. 200-216.
- QUESTER, Pascale G.; KARUNARATNA, Amal; CHONG, Irene (2001), Australian Chinese Consumers, Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 13:3,7-28.
- SENGES, Anne (2003) Marketing Ethnique, La Presse http://www.annesenges. com/publicity/lapresse.htm
- SHAMDASANI, Prem. N.; TOUCHSTON, Ellen E. ve KOSLOW, Scott (March 1994) Exploring Language Effects in Ethnic Advertising: A Sociolinguistic Perspective, Journal Of Consumer Research, Inc., Vol.20.
- SIRKECI Ibrahim (2008). Ingilizce orijinalinin tercümesine dayalibir Türkçe uyarlamasidir. Orijinal makalenin atif detayi: (2009) "Ethnic Marketing Potential in England and Wales: New evidence from the 2001 UK Census", Asian Journal of Marketing, Vol.2, No.1, ss.1-9.
- BABA Jatong Ahmed (2003) An Examination of the Influence of Personal Values and ethnic Identity on Black Students Sport Consumption Behavior, Ohio State University, Doctor of Philosophy, USA.
- GUICHARD, Sandrine., DI CICCONE, Remy Lubrano (Spring, 2008) Ethnic TV Advertising in France, Dissertation University of Halmstad, School of Business and Engineering.
- SANTA ANA Jeffrey (2003). Critical Emotions:Affect, Plitics, and Ethnic American Literature in an Age of Global Capitalism, University of Pennysylvania, Doctor of Philosophy, USA.
- WILLIAMS Jacqueline A. (1995) The Effect of Ethnic and American Identification on Consumers’ Responses to Ethnic Advertising Appeals, The Florida State University, Doctor of Philosophy, USA.
- SEN, Faruk (2009) Almanya’daki Türkler Etnik Pazar› Canland›r›yor, www.kobifinans. com
- WENTZ, Laurel (10 Haziran 2002), Anatomy Of An Ethnic Advertising Review Chrysler Tries to Reinvent Minority Marketing, www.adage.com
- Osmanli imparatorlugu'nda Nestlé'nin Pazarlama Stratejileri http://bianet.org/ biamag/ekonomi/106426-
- Biji Marketing!, http://www.mediacatonline.com/tr-2.03.2009
- http://www.aef.com/industry/news/data/2002/2045-23.03.2009
- Ethnic Advertising, http://multiculture.com.au- 15.03.2006
- Ethnic Marketing In Eight Easy Steps, www.unitednationsplaza.org-12.09.2009.
- Ethnic Marketing, http://www.onpo›nt-marketing.com-15.03.2006
- Ethnic Marketing, http://ethnics.com-12.09.2009
- Ethnic Marketing, http://www.sba.gov.tr-12.09.2009
- Ethnic Marketing, htpp://www.mani-folddatamining.com-15.03.2006
- Ethnic Marketing, http://www.allied-media.com-15.03.2006
- Ethnic Marketing, http://www.fusemarketing.com/Ethnic_Marketing
- Ethnic media and ethnic advertising, http://us.acnielsen.com-15.03.2006
- Kültür ve Pazarlama, www.econturk.org-12.09.2009
- Kürtçe Reklam ve Etnik Pazarlama, http://www.pazar-lamaca.com-18.04.2009
- La Publicite Destinee Aux Minorites Ethniques Aux USA, http://visionary marketing.com/articles/pubethnique/pubethnique1.html
- La Publicité Ethnique à Destination de la Communauté Noire en France, www.academon.fr
- Le marketing ethnique, http://www.businesspme.com/articles/marketing/162/ le-marketing-ethnique.html
- Pazarlamada Yeni Kavramlar, http://www.tuggip.com/index.php/pazarlama
- Pazarlamada “Alevi” Açilimi, http://www.marketingturkiye.com, 29.10.2009.
- Radikal ilk Kürtçe Reklam, http://videonuz.ensonhaber.com.29.10.2009.
- HIZAL, Dündar, (28 Nisan 2009) Deng Adaptation Reklam Ajansi, Yaratici Grup Direktörü, “Türkiye’de Etnik Reklamcilik ve Mevcut Durum”
- DEMIRCI, Özgür, (15 Temmuz 2009), Medya Com, “Türkiye’de Etnik Reklamcilik ve Mevcut Durum”
Toplam 49 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Ağustos 2009 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2009Sayı: 11 |
- Makale Dosyaları
