Postmodern Bir Kimlik Olarak Veganlık ve Bir Çevrimiçi Vegan Ağının Analizi

Ceren Yegen; B. Oğuz Aydın

doi:10.16878/gsuilet.436034

Araştırma Makalesi

Postmodern Bir Kimlik Olarak Veganlık ve Bir Çevrimiçi Vegan Ağının Analizi

Yıl 2018, Sayı: 28, 91 - 114, 28.06.2018

Ceren Yegen B. Oğuz Aydın

https://doi.org/10.16878/gsuilet.436034

Cited By: 12

Öz

Veganlık, günümüz toplumlarında popüler hale gelen bir yönelime dönüşmüş durumdadır. Hayvansal gıda ve ürünleri reddeden veganlar, radikal duruşları ile (süt ve ürünlerini de tüketmeme vb.) vejetaryenlerden ayrılmakta ve katı bir karşıtlık sergilemektedir. Manuel Castells’in bir “güç” olarak tanımladığı kimlik, postmodern toplumlarda veganlık ile de kendini tartışmaya açmaktadır. Çünkü postmodern yaşamda veganlık, ilgili karşıtlığa paralel olarak “küresel karşıt bir kimlik” olarak gelişmekte ve kendisini sosyal medyada da meşrulaştırmaya çalışmaktadır. Bu yüzden bu çalışmada veganlık, karşıt bir kimlik biçimi olarak ele alınmış ve tartışılmıştır. Çalışmada Vegan Türkiye’nin Twitter üzerindeki hesabı (@veganturkiye) analiz edilmiş, hesabın ağına ilişkin elde edilen veriler yorumlanmıştır. Böylelikle Türkiye’de veganlığın sosyal medyada nasıl resmedildiği incelenmiştir. Çalışmada yöntem olarak sosyal ağ analizi ve içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, Vegan Türkiye’nin Twitter paylaşımlarında vegan beslenme ya da veganlığın meşrulaştırılmasından ziyade, türler arası eşitliğe vurgu yapıldığı görülmüştür. Söz konusu vurgu, hayvan hakları ve sevgisine yoğunlaşmış durumdadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

kimlik, küreselleşme, postmodernizm, vejetaryenlik, veganlık

Kaynakça

Barnard, D. N.,Cohen, J., Jenkins, A. J. D., Turner-MCgrievy, G., Gloede, L.; Jaster ,B., Seidi, K., Green, A. A. ve Talpers, S. (2006). A Low-Fat Vegan Diet Improves Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Randomized Clinical Trial in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care, 29 (8), 17771783.
Barrett, K. (2009). The Effects of a Vegan Diet on Human Health, the Environment, and Animal Welfare as Compared to a Traditional Omnivorous Diet. Louisiana State University.
Beck, U. (2011). Risk Toplumu Başka Bir Modernliğe Doğru (1. Basım). (Kâzım Özdoğan ve Bülent Doğan, Çev.). İstanbul: İthaki Yayınları.
Beyer, E. L. ve Liston, P. D. (1992). Discourse or Moral Action? A Critique of Postmodernism. Educational Theory, 42(4), 371-393.
Boyd, M. D. ve Ellison, B. N. (2008). Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13, 210-230.
Brann, H. T. E. (1992). What is Postmodernism?.The Harvard Review of Philosophsy, Spring, 4-7.
Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Örnekleme Yöntemleri. Erişim 14 Mayıs 2012, http:// w3.balikesir.edu.tr/~msackes/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/BAY-FinalKonulari.pdf.
Castells, M. (2006). Enformasyon Çağı: Ekonomi, Toplum ve Kültür 2. Cilt- Kimliğin Gücü. (Ebru Kılıç Çev.). İstanbul: İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
Cilliers, P. (1998). Complexity and postmodernism. London: Routledge.
Craig, J. W. (2009). Health Effects of Vegan Diets. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 89(5), 1627S-1633S.
Dewell, A., Weidner, G., Sumner, M.D., Chi, C.S. ve Ornish, D. (2008). A VeryLow-Fat Vegan Diet Increases Intake of Protective Dietary Factors and Decreases Intake of Pathogenic Dietary Factors. J AmDiet Assoc, 108(2), 347-56.
Dewing, M. (2012). Social Media: An Introduction. Ottawa, Canada: Library of Parliament.
Farrugia, C. R. (2013). Facebook and relationships: A study of how social media use is affecting long-term relationships. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi, Rochester Institute of Technology.
Fuhrman, J. ve Ferreri, M. D. (2010). Fueling the Vegetarian (Vegan) Athlete. Curr. Sports Med. Rep., 9 (4), 233-241.
Gelderloos, P. (2011). Veganism: Why Not - an anarchist perspective. Erişim 10 Ağustos 2017, https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/peter-gelderloos-veganismwhy-not.
Harper, B. A. (2010). Race as a “FeebleMatter” in Veganism: Interrogating Whiteness, Geopolitical Privilege, and Consumption Philosophy of “CrueltyFree” Products. Journal for Critical Animal Studies, 8(3), 5-27.
Harvey, D. (2010). Postmodernliğin Durumu. (S. Savran Çev.). İstanbul: Metis Yayınları.
Hooley, D. ve Nobis, N. (2016). The Humane Society Institute for Science and Policy Animal Studies Repository. Animal Agriculture, Food Choice, and Human Health 6.
Hutcheon, L. (1986-1987). The Politics of Postmodernism: Parody and History. Cultural Critique, 5,179-207.
Hürriyet. (2018). “İstismara uğrayan… Engelli… Ölüme terk edilmiş… Huzur Çiftliği!”, İdris Emen, 01.04.2018 - 07:42.
Karabudak, E. (2012). Vejetaryen beslenmesi. Ankara: Sağlık Bakanlığı.
Kekevi, S. ve Kılıçoğlu, G. (2012). Uluslararası İlişkilerde Kültür ve Kimlik. Batman University Journal of Life Sciences 1 (1): 1183-1192.
Key, J. T., Appleby, N.P. ve Rosell, S.M. (2006). Health Effects of Vegetarian and Vegan Diets. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 65, 35-41.
Larsson, L. C., Rönnlund, U., Johansson, G. ve Dahlgren, L. (2003). Veganism as Status Passage: The Process of Becoming a Vegan among Youths in Sweden. Appetite, 41(1), 61-67.
Lindquist, A. (2013). Beyond hippies and rabbit food: The social effects of vegetarianism and veganism. Student Research, Honors Program Theses. University of Puget Sound.
Lyotard, F. J. (2013). Postmodern Durum. (İ. Birkan Çev.). Ankara: Bilgesu Yayıncılık.
Mangels, R. A. ve Messina, V. (2001). Considerations in Planning Vegan Diets: Infants. Journal of The American Dietetic Association, 101(6), 670-677.
Mann, S. E. (2014). More than just a diet: An inquiry into veganism. Anthropology Senior Theses. Paper 156.
McDool, E., Powell, P. Roberts, J. ve Taylor, K. (2016). Social Media Use and Children’s Wellbeing. UK: University of Sheffield.
Miller, D.; Costa, E.; Haynes, N.; McDonald, T.; Nicolescu, R.; Sinanan, J.; Spyer, J.; Venkatraman, J. ve Wang, X. (2016). How the world changed social media. London: UCL Press.
Morawski, S. (1996). The troubles with postmodernism. London: Routledge.
Novic, Z. (2013). Vegans in America: A Cultural Study of Food, Identity, and Community. Senior Thesis. Presented to The Faculty of The School of Arts and Sciences Brandeis University. Undergraduate Program in Anthropology. Jonathan Anjaria Advisor. Inpartial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Art.
Phillips, F. (2005). Vegetarian nutrition. Nutrition Bulletin, 30, 132-167.
Povey, R., Wellens, B. ve Conner, M. (2001). Attitudes Towards Following Meat, Vegetarian and Vegan Diets: An Examination of the Role of Ambivalence. Appetite, 37, 15-26.
Rahman, H. S. A. (2014). Can’t Live Without My FB, Lol: The Influence of Social Networking Sites on the Communication Skills Of TESL Students. ProcediaSocial and Behavioral Sciences, 134, 213-219.
Richter, M., Boeing, H., Grünewald-Funk, D., Heseker, H., Kroke, A., LeschikBonnet, E., Oberritter, H., Strohm, D., Watzl, B. For the German Nutrition Society (DGE). (2016). Vegan diet. Position of the German Nutrition Society (DGE). Ernahrungs Umschau 63(04), 92-102.
Sanders, M. S. (2006). Stephen R. C. Hicks’s Explaining Postmodernism: Skepticism and Socialism from Rousseau to Foucault: A Discussion. Reason Papers, 28, 111-124. Son, T. Y. G. ve Bulut, M. (2016).Yaşam Tarzı Olarak Vegan ve Vejetaryenlik. International Journal of Human Sciences, 13 (1), 830-843.
Steele, K. (2013). The Vegan Journey - An Exploration of Vegan Experiences with Vegans from Burlington. Vermont. University of Vermont Advisors: Kit Anderson, Tyler Doggett, & Stephanie Kaza. Environmental Studies Thesis.
Tai Le, L. ve Sabaté, J. (2014). Beyond Meatless, the Health Effects of Vegan Diets: Findings from the Adventist Cohorts. Nutrients, (6), 2131-2147.
Tunçay Son. Y. (2016). Biyoetik çerçevesinde vegan ve vejetaryenlik. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi, T.C. Ankara Üniversitesi.
Yegen, C. (2015).Yurttaş Gazeteciliği Yapan Alternatif Medya Kuruluşu Örneklerinden Hareketle Gazeteciliğin Geleceği Üzerine Bir İnceleme. Ö. Uğurlu ve S. Ersöz Karakulakoğlu, (Ed.), Twitter İletişim Çalışmalarında Dijital Yaklaşımlar içerisinde (183-223). Ankara: Heretik Yayıncılık.
Wasserman, S. ve Faust, K. (1994). Social network analysis: Methods and applications. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Wesseling, L. (1991). Postmodernism and History, In Lies Wesseling, Writing History as a Prophet, Postmodernist Innovations of the Historical Novel (1-16). Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
White, M. D. ve Marsh, E. E. (2006). Content Analysis: A Flexible Methodology. Library Trends, 55(1), 22-45.
Wrenn, L. C. (2011). Resisting the Globalization of Speciesism: Vegan Abolitionism as a Site for Consumer-Based Social Change. Journal for Critical Animal Studies, 9(3), 9-27.
Wright, L. ve Adams, J. C. (2015). The vegan studies project: Food, animals, and gender in the age of terror. Georgia: University of Georgia Press
http://www.insanhaber.com. (2014). “İTÜ’de ‘Vegan’ öğrenciler rektörlüğe yürüdü”, 22.04.2014,
http://www.insanhaber.com/egitim/itu-de-veganogrenciler-rektorluge-yurudu-h14356.html.
https://veganlik.org. (2017). “İnsani Süt Üretimi Efsane” Demek Yanıltıcı Değil, Son Güncelleme: 26 Temmuz 2017, Erişim 11 Aralık 2017, Kaynak: goveganworld. com - veganlik.org.
https://vegansakirt.wordpress.com. (2016). HARDLINE & VEGAN STRAIGHT EDGE, Erişim 31 Ocak 2016,
https://vegansakirt.wordpress.com/category/ hardline-vegan-straight-edge/.
Dyt. Canan Şahin / Muş Devlet Hastanesi - Kişisel Görüşme / 12.03.2018
Dyt. Yeşim İşgüzar Orak / Özel Emek Hastanesi - Kişisel Görüşme / 08.03.2018

Le véganisme comme l'identité postmoderne et l'analyse d’un réseau végétalien en ligne

Yıl 2018, Sayı: 28, 91 - 114, 28.06.2018

Ceren Yegen B. Oğuz Aydın

https://doi.org/10.16878/gsuilet.436034

Cited By: 12

Öz

Le véganisme est devenu une tendance populaire dans les sociétés contemporaines. Refusant les aliments et les produits d’origine animale, les végétaliens sont séparés des végétariens par des prises de positions radicales (comme ne pas consommer de lait et des produits laitiers, etc.) et ils manifestent une opposition stricte. L’identité que Manuel Castells définit comme un “pouvoir” s’ouvre au débat avec le véganisme dans les sociétés postmodernes. Car dans la vie postmoderne, le véganisme se développe comme une “anti-identité globale” et tente de se légitimer dans les médias sociaux. Par conséquent, dans cette étude, le véganisme a été considéré et discuté comme une forme d›identité opposée. Pour ce faire le compte Twitter Végétalien Turquie (@veganturkiye) a été analysé et les données obtenues à partir de ce compte ont été examinées. Ainsi, la façon dont les médias sociaux en Turquie illustre le véganisme a été analysée en utilisant les méthodes de l’analyse de réseau social et l’analyse de contenu. En conclusion nous avons constaté que dans les échanges de Twitter Végétalien Turquie, plutôt que la légitimation du régime végétalien ou de la véganité, l’égalité entre les espèces a été soulignée. L’accent est mis sur les droits et l’amour des animaux.

Anahtar Kelimeler

identité, globalisation, postmodernisme, végétarisme, véganisme

Kaynakça

Barnard, D. N.,Cohen, J., Jenkins, A. J. D., Turner-MCgrievy, G., Gloede, L.; Jaster ,B., Seidi, K., Green, A. A. ve Talpers, S. (2006). A Low-Fat Vegan Diet Improves Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Randomized Clinical Trial in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care, 29 (8), 17771783.
Barrett, K. (2009). The Effects of a Vegan Diet on Human Health, the Environment, and Animal Welfare as Compared to a Traditional Omnivorous Diet. Louisiana State University.
Beck, U. (2011). Risk Toplumu Başka Bir Modernliğe Doğru (1. Basım). (Kâzım Özdoğan ve Bülent Doğan, Çev.). İstanbul: İthaki Yayınları.
Beyer, E. L. ve Liston, P. D. (1992). Discourse or Moral Action? A Critique of Postmodernism. Educational Theory, 42(4), 371-393.
Boyd, M. D. ve Ellison, B. N. (2008). Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13, 210-230.
Brann, H. T. E. (1992). What is Postmodernism?.The Harvard Review of Philosophsy, Spring, 4-7.
Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Örnekleme Yöntemleri. Erişim 14 Mayıs 2012, http:// w3.balikesir.edu.tr/~msackes/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/BAY-FinalKonulari.pdf.
Castells, M. (2006). Enformasyon Çağı: Ekonomi, Toplum ve Kültür 2. Cilt- Kimliğin Gücü. (Ebru Kılıç Çev.). İstanbul: İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
Cilliers, P. (1998). Complexity and postmodernism. London: Routledge.
Craig, J. W. (2009). Health Effects of Vegan Diets. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 89(5), 1627S-1633S.
Dewell, A., Weidner, G., Sumner, M.D., Chi, C.S. ve Ornish, D. (2008). A VeryLow-Fat Vegan Diet Increases Intake of Protective Dietary Factors and Decreases Intake of Pathogenic Dietary Factors. J AmDiet Assoc, 108(2), 347-56.
Dewing, M. (2012). Social Media: An Introduction. Ottawa, Canada: Library of Parliament.
Farrugia, C. R. (2013). Facebook and relationships: A study of how social media use is affecting long-term relationships. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi, Rochester Institute of Technology.
Fuhrman, J. ve Ferreri, M. D. (2010). Fueling the Vegetarian (Vegan) Athlete. Curr. Sports Med. Rep., 9 (4), 233-241.
Gelderloos, P. (2011). Veganism: Why Not - an anarchist perspective. Erişim 10 Ağustos 2017, https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/peter-gelderloos-veganismwhy-not.
Harper, B. A. (2010). Race as a “FeebleMatter” in Veganism: Interrogating Whiteness, Geopolitical Privilege, and Consumption Philosophy of “CrueltyFree” Products. Journal for Critical Animal Studies, 8(3), 5-27.
Harvey, D. (2010). Postmodernliğin Durumu. (S. Savran Çev.). İstanbul: Metis Yayınları.
Hooley, D. ve Nobis, N. (2016). The Humane Society Institute for Science and Policy Animal Studies Repository. Animal Agriculture, Food Choice, and Human Health 6.
Hutcheon, L. (1986-1987). The Politics of Postmodernism: Parody and History. Cultural Critique, 5,179-207.
Hürriyet. (2018). “İstismara uğrayan… Engelli… Ölüme terk edilmiş… Huzur Çiftliği!”, İdris Emen, 01.04.2018 - 07:42.
Karabudak, E. (2012). Vejetaryen beslenmesi. Ankara: Sağlık Bakanlığı.
Kekevi, S. ve Kılıçoğlu, G. (2012). Uluslararası İlişkilerde Kültür ve Kimlik. Batman University Journal of Life Sciences 1 (1): 1183-1192.
Key, J. T., Appleby, N.P. ve Rosell, S.M. (2006). Health Effects of Vegetarian and Vegan Diets. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 65, 35-41.
Larsson, L. C., Rönnlund, U., Johansson, G. ve Dahlgren, L. (2003). Veganism as Status Passage: The Process of Becoming a Vegan among Youths in Sweden. Appetite, 41(1), 61-67.
Lindquist, A. (2013). Beyond hippies and rabbit food: The social effects of vegetarianism and veganism. Student Research, Honors Program Theses. University of Puget Sound.
Lyotard, F. J. (2013). Postmodern Durum. (İ. Birkan Çev.). Ankara: Bilgesu Yayıncılık.
Mangels, R. A. ve Messina, V. (2001). Considerations in Planning Vegan Diets: Infants. Journal of The American Dietetic Association, 101(6), 670-677.
Mann, S. E. (2014). More than just a diet: An inquiry into veganism. Anthropology Senior Theses. Paper 156.
McDool, E., Powell, P. Roberts, J. ve Taylor, K. (2016). Social Media Use and Children’s Wellbeing. UK: University of Sheffield.
Miller, D.; Costa, E.; Haynes, N.; McDonald, T.; Nicolescu, R.; Sinanan, J.; Spyer, J.; Venkatraman, J. ve Wang, X. (2016). How the world changed social media. London: UCL Press.
Morawski, S. (1996). The troubles with postmodernism. London: Routledge.
Novic, Z. (2013). Vegans in America: A Cultural Study of Food, Identity, and Community. Senior Thesis. Presented to The Faculty of The School of Arts and Sciences Brandeis University. Undergraduate Program in Anthropology. Jonathan Anjaria Advisor. Inpartial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Art.
Phillips, F. (2005). Vegetarian nutrition. Nutrition Bulletin, 30, 132-167.
Povey, R., Wellens, B. ve Conner, M. (2001). Attitudes Towards Following Meat, Vegetarian and Vegan Diets: An Examination of the Role of Ambivalence. Appetite, 37, 15-26.
Rahman, H. S. A. (2014). Can’t Live Without My FB, Lol: The Influence of Social Networking Sites on the Communication Skills Of TESL Students. ProcediaSocial and Behavioral Sciences, 134, 213-219.
Richter, M., Boeing, H., Grünewald-Funk, D., Heseker, H., Kroke, A., LeschikBonnet, E., Oberritter, H., Strohm, D., Watzl, B. For the German Nutrition Society (DGE). (2016). Vegan diet. Position of the German Nutrition Society (DGE). Ernahrungs Umschau 63(04), 92-102.
Sanders, M. S. (2006). Stephen R. C. Hicks’s Explaining Postmodernism: Skepticism and Socialism from Rousseau to Foucault: A Discussion. Reason Papers, 28, 111-124. Son, T. Y. G. ve Bulut, M. (2016).Yaşam Tarzı Olarak Vegan ve Vejetaryenlik. International Journal of Human Sciences, 13 (1), 830-843.
Steele, K. (2013). The Vegan Journey - An Exploration of Vegan Experiences with Vegans from Burlington. Vermont. University of Vermont Advisors: Kit Anderson, Tyler Doggett, & Stephanie Kaza. Environmental Studies Thesis.
Tai Le, L. ve Sabaté, J. (2014). Beyond Meatless, the Health Effects of Vegan Diets: Findings from the Adventist Cohorts. Nutrients, (6), 2131-2147.
Tunçay Son. Y. (2016). Biyoetik çerçevesinde vegan ve vejetaryenlik. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi, T.C. Ankara Üniversitesi.
Yegen, C. (2015).Yurttaş Gazeteciliği Yapan Alternatif Medya Kuruluşu Örneklerinden Hareketle Gazeteciliğin Geleceği Üzerine Bir İnceleme. Ö. Uğurlu ve S. Ersöz Karakulakoğlu, (Ed.), Twitter İletişim Çalışmalarında Dijital Yaklaşımlar içerisinde (183-223). Ankara: Heretik Yayıncılık.
Wasserman, S. ve Faust, K. (1994). Social network analysis: Methods and applications. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Wesseling, L. (1991). Postmodernism and History, In Lies Wesseling, Writing History as a Prophet, Postmodernist Innovations of the Historical Novel (1-16). Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
White, M. D. ve Marsh, E. E. (2006). Content Analysis: A Flexible Methodology. Library Trends, 55(1), 22-45.
Wrenn, L. C. (2011). Resisting the Globalization of Speciesism: Vegan Abolitionism as a Site for Consumer-Based Social Change. Journal for Critical Animal Studies, 9(3), 9-27.
Wright, L. ve Adams, J. C. (2015). The vegan studies project: Food, animals, and gender in the age of terror. Georgia: University of Georgia Press
http://www.insanhaber.com. (2014). “İTÜ’de ‘Vegan’ öğrenciler rektörlüğe yürüdü”, 22.04.2014,
http://www.insanhaber.com/egitim/itu-de-veganogrenciler-rektorluge-yurudu-h14356.html.
https://veganlik.org. (2017). “İnsani Süt Üretimi Efsane” Demek Yanıltıcı Değil, Son Güncelleme: 26 Temmuz 2017, Erişim 11 Aralık 2017, Kaynak: goveganworld. com - veganlik.org.
https://vegansakirt.wordpress.com. (2016). HARDLINE & VEGAN STRAIGHT EDGE, Erişim 31 Ocak 2016,
https://vegansakirt.wordpress.com/category/ hardline-vegan-straight-edge/.
Dyt. Canan Şahin / Muş Devlet Hastanesi - Kişisel Görüşme / 12.03.2018
Dyt. Yeşim İşgüzar Orak / Özel Emek Hastanesi - Kişisel Görüşme / 08.03.2018

Veganism as a Postmodern Identity and Analysis of an Online Vegan Network

Yıl 2018, Sayı: 28, 91 - 114, 28.06.2018

Ceren Yegen B. Oğuz Aydın

https://doi.org/10.16878/gsuilet.436034

Cited By: 12

Öz

Veganism has turned into a popular trend in contemporary societies. Vegans who abstain from eating animal food and products differ from vegetarians with their radical stances such that they prefer not to consume milk and other dairy products. Castells defines identity as power and in postmodern societies, veganism is also discussed through the concept of identity. Hence, veganism develops as a “global resistance identity” parallel to the related opposition and tries to legitimize itself on social media in postmodern life. Therefore, in this study, the veganism has been examined and discussed as a resistance identity form. In the study, Vegan Turkey’s account on Twitter (@veganturkiye) has been analysed by social network and content analyses in order to identify how veganism was represented in Turkish social media. To this end, the data gathered from the network of the account has been interpreted. In conclusion, it has been noticed that rather than veganism or vegan diet, equality between species have been mostly emphasised in Vegan Turkey’s messages on Twitter. Furthermore, animal rights and love for animals have been identified as the main messages of this specific account.

Anahtar Kelimeler

identity, globalization, postmodernism, vegetarianism, veganism

Kaynakça

Barnard, D. N.,Cohen, J., Jenkins, A. J. D., Turner-MCgrievy, G., Gloede, L.; Jaster ,B., Seidi, K., Green, A. A. ve Talpers, S. (2006). A Low-Fat Vegan Diet Improves Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Randomized Clinical Trial in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care, 29 (8), 17771783.
Barrett, K. (2009). The Effects of a Vegan Diet on Human Health, the Environment, and Animal Welfare as Compared to a Traditional Omnivorous Diet. Louisiana State University.
Beck, U. (2011). Risk Toplumu Başka Bir Modernliğe Doğru (1. Basım). (Kâzım Özdoğan ve Bülent Doğan, Çev.). İstanbul: İthaki Yayınları.
Beyer, E. L. ve Liston, P. D. (1992). Discourse or Moral Action? A Critique of Postmodernism. Educational Theory, 42(4), 371-393.
Boyd, M. D. ve Ellison, B. N. (2008). Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13, 210-230.
Brann, H. T. E. (1992). What is Postmodernism?.The Harvard Review of Philosophsy, Spring, 4-7.
Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Örnekleme Yöntemleri. Erişim 14 Mayıs 2012, http:// w3.balikesir.edu.tr/~msackes/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/BAY-FinalKonulari.pdf.
Castells, M. (2006). Enformasyon Çağı: Ekonomi, Toplum ve Kültür 2. Cilt- Kimliğin Gücü. (Ebru Kılıç Çev.). İstanbul: İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
Cilliers, P. (1998). Complexity and postmodernism. London: Routledge.
Craig, J. W. (2009). Health Effects of Vegan Diets. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 89(5), 1627S-1633S.
Dewell, A., Weidner, G., Sumner, M.D., Chi, C.S. ve Ornish, D. (2008). A VeryLow-Fat Vegan Diet Increases Intake of Protective Dietary Factors and Decreases Intake of Pathogenic Dietary Factors. J AmDiet Assoc, 108(2), 347-56.
Dewing, M. (2012). Social Media: An Introduction. Ottawa, Canada: Library of Parliament.
Farrugia, C. R. (2013). Facebook and relationships: A study of how social media use is affecting long-term relationships. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi, Rochester Institute of Technology.
Fuhrman, J. ve Ferreri, M. D. (2010). Fueling the Vegetarian (Vegan) Athlete. Curr. Sports Med. Rep., 9 (4), 233-241.
Gelderloos, P. (2011). Veganism: Why Not - an anarchist perspective. Erişim 10 Ağustos 2017, https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/peter-gelderloos-veganismwhy-not.
Harper, B. A. (2010). Race as a “FeebleMatter” in Veganism: Interrogating Whiteness, Geopolitical Privilege, and Consumption Philosophy of “CrueltyFree” Products. Journal for Critical Animal Studies, 8(3), 5-27.
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Dyt. Canan Şahin / Muş Devlet Hastanesi - Kişisel Görüşme / 12.03.2018
Dyt. Yeşim İşgüzar Orak / Özel Emek Hastanesi - Kişisel Görüşme / 08.03.2018

Toplam 53 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	Türkçe
Bölüm	Makaleler
Yazarlar	Ceren Yegen B. Oğuz Aydın
Yayımlanma Tarihi	28 Haziran 2018
Kabul Tarihi	1 Haziran 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2018Sayı: 28

Kaynak Göster

APA	Yegen, C., & Aydın, B. O. (2018). Postmodern Bir Kimlik Olarak Veganlık ve Bir Çevrimiçi Vegan Ağının Analizi. Galatasaray Üniversitesi İletişim Dergisi(28), 91-114. https://doi.org/10.16878/gsuilet.436034