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Bilim Diplomasisi ve Bilim Halkla İlişkileri Bağlamında “American Association for the Advancement of Science” (AAAS) ve “Royal Society” Örnekleri Üzerinden Türkiye İçin Bir Model Önerisi

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 6, 75 - 106, 31.01.2021

Gonca Yıldırım Deniz Akbulut

https://doi.org/10.16878/gsuilet.867946
Cited By: 2

Öz

Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerindeki gelişmeler bilimi, politikanın ve uluslararası ilişkilerin bir parçası haline getirmiştir. Bilimin hızla ilerlemesi ve yayılımı için uluslararası anlaşmalar önemli hale gelirken; uluslararası sorunların çözümünde de bilim, anahtar rol oynamaktadır. Bu süreçte karşımıza çıkan “bilim diplomasisi” kavramı da uluslararası sorunların çözümü için ortak kararların alınması ve yürütülmesi adına bilimsel iş birliklerinin kurulmasıdır. Ancak bu ortaklıkların ve çalışmaların yürütülmesi, yayılımı ve tüm toplumlara mal edilmesinde ise “bilim halkla ilişkileri” devreye girmektedir. Uluslararası yazında bilim diplomasisi ve bilim halkla ilişkileri sıklıkla birlikte ele alınırken Türkiye’de henüz az çalışılan bir alan olması bu makaleyi özgün kılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, bilim diplomasisinin üçlü taksonomisi çerçevesinde, bu konuda dünyanın önde gelen kurumlarından AAAS (American Association for the Advancement of Science -Amerika Birleşik Devletleri) ve The Royal Society’nin (Birleşik Krallık) faaliyetlerinin incelenmesi ve buradan yola çıkarak Türkiye için bir model önerisi sunmaktadır. Geliştirilen bu modele uygun olarak faaliyet ve iş birlikleri kapsamında Türkiye Bilim Diplomasisi Kurumu kurulması önerilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Halkla ilişkiler bilim halkla ilişkileri bilim diplomasisi kamu diplomasisi toplumsal katılım

Kaynakça

  • Borcheld, R.E. (2008). Handbook of Public Communication of Science and Technology. Bucchi, M; Trench, B.,(Ed.) Public Relations in Science, Managing the Trust Portfolio içinde Routledge: Taylor&Francis e-library.
  • Bose, S.; Roy. S.K.; Alwi S.F.S.; Nguyen B. (2020). Measuring customer based place brand equity (CBPBE) from a publicdiplomacy perspective: Evidence from West Bengal. Journal of Business Research. 116, 734-744.
  • Burakgazi, S.G. (2017). Kritik Olaylar, Politik Dökümanlar, Raporlar ve Araştırmalar Işığında Türkiye’de Bilim İletişimi. Selçuk İletişim Dergisi. 10 (1), 232-261.
  • Colglazier, E.W. (2018). Science Diplomacy and Future Worlds. Science & Diplomacy, September.
  • Cowan, G. and Arsenault, A. (2008) Moving From Monologue to Dialogue to Collaboration: The Three Layers of Public Diplomacy. The Annals of American Academy of Political and Social Science. 616 (10), 10-30.
  • Duke, S. (2002). Wired Science: Use of World Wide Web and e-mail in Science Public Relations. Public Relations Review, 28, 311-324.
  • Entradas, M. ve Bauer M.M. (2016). Mobilisation for Public Engagement: Benchmarking the Practices of Research Institutes, Public Understanding of Science, Vol. 26, Issue 7, pp. 771-788.
  • Fedoroff, N.V. 2009. Science Diplomacy In The 21st Century. Cell 136 (1): 9–11.
  • Forman, J. (2015). Chemistry and Diplomacy: Science Education and Science Communication in Disarmament, Fall, ACS CHED CCCE Newsletter. https://confchem.ccce.divched.org/sites/confchem.ccce.divched.org/files/2015FallCCCENLP4.pdf
  • Gluckman, P. D., Turekian, V. C., Grimes, R. W. and Kishi, T. (2017). N 6 (4).
  • Grimes R., Chamberlain Y. ve Oku A. (2014). The UK Response to Fukushima and Anglo-Japanese Relations, Science & Diplomacy, June.
  • Hocking, B. (2005) Rethinking the ‘New’ Public Diplomacy (içinde) The New Public Diplomacy (Ed. Jan Melissen) New York, Palgrave Macmıllan.
  • Hutton, J. G. (1999). The Definition, Dimensions, and Domain of Public Relations. Public Relations Review, 25(2), 199-214.
  • İslamoğlu, H. (2009). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri. İstanbul: Beta Yayınları.
  • Jasanoff, S. (2003), Technologies of Humility: Citizen Participation in Governing Science, Minerva 41(3), 223-244.
  • Kaltofen, C. ve Acuto, M. (2018). Science Diplomacy: Introduction to a Boundary Problem. Global Policy, 9 (3), November, 8-14.
  • Kanagarajan, S. and Sony, R. (2020). Science Communication at the Intersection of Science and International Relations: Success Stories and Learnings from the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Scientific Temper. Vol 8(3&4), July-Dec pp. 119-134.
  • Kelley, J. R. (2009). Between Take-offs and Crash Landings: Situational Aspects of Public Diplomacy. Routledge Handbook of Public Diplomacy. Newyork: Taylor&Francis,72-85.
  • Krige, J ve Barth, K.H. (2006). Science, Technology, and International Affairs. History of Science Society 21 (1), 1-21.
  • Leach, J. (2015). The Role of Science Communication in International Diplomacy. Science Diplomacy, New Day or False Down?, Ed. Davis, L.S. ve Patman R.G., World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., 155-169.
  • Lederbogen, U. ve Trebbe, J. (2003). Promoting Science on the Web. Science Communication, Vol. 24, No. 3, March 2003, 333-352.
  • Legrand, T. ve Stone, D. (2018). Science Diplomacy And Transnational Governance Impact. Br Polit, 13, 392–408.
  • Majumdar, M.G. (2018). The Art of Science Diplomacy. SPE Communications, March, 1-4.
  • Melissen J. (2005) The New Public Diplomacy: Between Theory and Practice, Melissen, J. (Ed.) The New Public Diplomacy (içinde). New York: Palgrave Macmıllan.
  • Mitcham, C. (Ed) (2005). Encyclopedia of Science, Technology, and Ethics. Farmington Hill: Thomson Gale.
  • Moomaw, W.R. (2018). Scientist Diplomats or Diplomat Scientists: Who Makes Science Diplomacy Effective? Global Policy, 9 (3), November.
  • Neresini, F. ve Bucchi, M. (2011). Which Indicators fort he New Public Engagement Activities? An Exploratory Study of European Research Institutions, Public Understanding of Science, 20 (1), pp. 64-79.
  • Nye, J.S. (2005). Yumuşak Güç. Ankara: Elips Kitap.
  • Peltekoğlu, F. B. (2009). Halkla İlişkiler Nedir? İstanbul: Beta Basım.
  • Rosenau, J. N. and Singh, J. P. (2002). Information Technologies and Global Politics: The Changing Scope of Power and Governance. SUNY Press.
  • Rowe, D. and Brass, K. (2011). We Take Academic Freedom Quite Seriously: How University Media Offices Menage Academic Public Communication. International Journal of Media and Cultural Politics, 7 (1): 3-20.
  • Schafer, M.S. (2009). From Public Understanding to Public Engagement: An Empirical Assessment of Changes in Science Coverage. Science Communication, 30(4): 475-505.
  • Sharp, P. (2005). Revolutionary States, Outlaw Regimes and the Techniques of Public Diplomacy. Melissen. J. (Ed.). The New Public Diplomacy (içinde). New York: Palgrave Macmıllan.
  • Signitzer, B. H. and Wamser, C. (2009). Public Diplomacy: A Specific Governmental Public Relations Function. Botan, C ve Hazelton, V. (Ed.). Public Relations Theory II (içinde) New York: Taylor & Francis, 382-411.
  • Signitzer, B. H. ve Coombs, T. (1992). Public Relations and Public Diplomacy: Conceptual Covergences. Public Relations Review 18 (2), 137-147.
  • Smith, F. L. (2014). Advancing Science Diplomacy: Indonesia And The US Naval Medical Research Unit. Social Studies of Science 44 (6), 825–847.
  • Snow, N. (2014). Public Diplomacy: New Dimensions and Implications. McPhail (Ed.). Global Communication: Theory, Stakeholders, and Trends (içinde) (Fourth ed) Chichester, United Kingdom: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 64-79.
  • Stigoe, J.; Lock S.J.; Willsdon, J. (2014). Why Should We Promote Public Engagement with Science?, Public Understanding of Science, Vol. 23 (1), 4-15.
  • Szondi, G. (2009) Central and Eastern European Public Diplomacy: A Transinational Perspective on National Reputation Management. Routledge Handbook of Public Diplomacy, Newyork: Taylor&Francis, 292-313.
  • Thompson H. E. (2018). Science Diplomacy within Sustainable Development: A SIDS Perspective. Global Policy, 9 (3), November, 45-47.
  • Turekian, V. (2018). The Evolution of Science Diplomacy. Global Policy, 9 (3), November, 5-7.
  • Turekian, V., Macindoe., S., Copeland, D., Davis, L., Patman, R. and Pozza, R. (2014). The Emergence of Science Diplomacy, L. Davis and R. Patman (Eds.), Science Diplomacy: New Day or False Dawn? (içinde). Singapore: World Scientific, pp. 10–24.
  • Sütçü, G. (2012). New Mode of Diplomacy in the 21st Century Science Diplomacy, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 13 (2), 1-14.
  • Weiss, C. (2005). Science, Technology and International Relations. Technology in Society, 27 (3), 295–313.
  • Yang, A.; Klyueva, A. and Taylor, M. (2012). Beyond a Dyadic Approach to Public Diplomacy: Understanding Relationships in Multipolar World. Public Relations Review 38(5), 652-664 Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2016). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayınları. Zaharna, R (2009). Mapping Out a Spectrum of Public Diplomacy Initiatives. Information and Relational Communication Frameworks. Routledge Handbook of Public Diplomacy, Newyork:Taylor&Francis, 86-100.
  • Zaharna, R., and Uysal, N. (2015). Going For The Jugular: The Challenge From The 4thquadrant Of A Relational Public Diplomacy Model. Public Relations Review. 42(1), 378–380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2015.07.006.
  • The Royal Society and AAAS Report (2010). New Frontiers İn Science Diplomacy Navigating The Changing Balance Of Power. January, The Royal Society Science Policy Centre 6–9 Carlton House Terrace London. https://www.aaas.org/sites/default/files/New_Frontiers.pdf. Erişim tarihi: 28.08.2020
  • AAAS Dialogue on Science, Ethics, and Religion, www.scienceforseminaries.org , Erişim tarihi 13.09.2020.
  • AAAS Kurumsal Web Sitesi, www.aaas.org , Erişim tarihi 13.09.2020.
  • AAAS, https://www.influencewatch.org/non-profit/american-association-for-the-advancement-of-science/ . Erişim tarihi: 20.11.2020.
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (2020). https://www.britannica.com/topic/American-Association-for-the-Advancement-of-Science.Erişim tarihi: 20.11.2020.
  • Anadolu Ajansı, “YEE ile TÜBİTAK'tan 'bilim diplomasisi'nde güç birliği” (2018). https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/bilim-teknoloji/yee-ile-tubitaktan-bilim-diplomasisinde-guc-birligi/1101513 , Erişim tarihi: 26.11.2020.
  • National Research Council (2002). Knowledge and Diplomacy: Science advice in the United Nations System, Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, http://www.nap.edu/ catalog.php?record_id=10577 . Erişim tarihi: 22.11.2020.
  • STEMPRA Kurumsal Web Sitesi; https://www.stempra.org/uk, Erişim tarihi 20.09.2020.
  • Subaru Kurumsal Web Sitesi, https://www.subaru.com/education/education-causes.html ,Erişim tarihi 20.09.2020.
  • TABİP Projesi Kurumsal Web Sitesi, https://www.tabip.global/ecosystem/views/portal . Erişim tarihi 20.09.2020.
  • TASAM (Türk Asya Stratejik araştırmalar Merkezi) Kurumsal Web Sitesi, https://tasam.org/, Erişim tarihi 20.09.2020.
  • The Royal Society Kurumsal Web Sitesi. https://www.royalsociety.org . Erişim tarihi 20.09.2020.
  • The Royal Society Strategic Plan 2017 – 2022, https://royalsociety.org/-/media/about-us/governance/royal-society-strategic-plan-summary-2017-2022.pdf?la=en-GB&hash=2BE607079802A929087AEA5E8C4E94B3 . Erişim tarihi: 20.09.2020
  • The Royal Society, British science society (2020) https://www.britannica.com/topic/Royal-Society . Erişim tarihi: 20.11.2020.
  • Ulusal Bilim Yazarları Derneği Kurumsal Web Sitesi. https://www.nasw.org. Erişim tarihi 20.09.2020.
  • Who we are? AAAS- American Association for the Advancement of Science, https://www.aaas.org/. Erişim tarihi: 20.09.2020.
  • Report of the Science and Society Session (2007). Commission European Public Engagement in Science, Portuguese Presidency Conference, The Future of Science and Technology in Europe, 2007. https://ec.europa.eu/research/swafs/pdf/pub_other/public-engagement-081002_en.pdf Erişim Tarihi: 23.11.2020.

« Association Américaine pour l'avancement de la Science » et «la Royal Society » dans le contexte de la relation entre les relations publiques scientifiques et la diplomatie scientifique: un nouveau modèle pour la Turquie

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 6, 75 - 106, 31.01.2021

Gonca Yıldırım Deniz Akbulut

https://doi.org/10.16878/gsuilet.867946
Cited By: 2

Öz

Les progrès dans les technologies de l'information et de la communication ont fait de la science une partie intégrante de la politique et des relations internationales. Alors que les accords internationaux deviennent importants pour l'avancement et la diffusion rapides de la science ; La science joue un rôle clé dans la résolution des problèmes internationaux. Le concept de « diplomatie scientifique » que nous rencontrons dans ce processus est l'établissement de collaborations scientifiques afin de prendre et de mettre en œuvre des décisions communes pour la solution des problèmes internationaux. Cependant, les « relations publiques de Science » interviennent dans l'exécution, la diffusion et l'appropriation de ces partenariats et études à toutes les sociétés. Malgre la diplomatie scientifique et les relations publiques de Science sont souvent prises ensemble dans le monde, en Turquie etre étudiée dans un domaine moins fréquemment, rend cet article unique. Dans le cadre de la taxonomie tripartite de la diplomatie scientifique, le but de cette étude est d'examiner les activités des principales institutions mondiales: d’AAAS (American Association for the Advancement of Science) et de la Royal Société (The Royal Society) ; et découlant de ce contexte d’offre un modèle pour la Turquie. Dans le cadre des coopérations et activités développés conformément à ce modèle, cette recherche propose d’établir de « l’Institut turc de diplomatie scientifique ».

Anahtar Kelimeler

Relations publiques relations publiques scientifiques diplomatie scientifique diplomatie publique participation sociale

Kaynakça

  • Borcheld, R.E. (2008). Handbook of Public Communication of Science and Technology. Bucchi, M; Trench, B.,(Ed.) Public Relations in Science, Managing the Trust Portfolio içinde Routledge: Taylor&Francis e-library.
  • Bose, S.; Roy. S.K.; Alwi S.F.S.; Nguyen B. (2020). Measuring customer based place brand equity (CBPBE) from a publicdiplomacy perspective: Evidence from West Bengal. Journal of Business Research. 116, 734-744.
  • Burakgazi, S.G. (2017). Kritik Olaylar, Politik Dökümanlar, Raporlar ve Araştırmalar Işığında Türkiye’de Bilim İletişimi. Selçuk İletişim Dergisi. 10 (1), 232-261.
  • Colglazier, E.W. (2018). Science Diplomacy and Future Worlds. Science & Diplomacy, September.
  • Cowan, G. and Arsenault, A. (2008) Moving From Monologue to Dialogue to Collaboration: The Three Layers of Public Diplomacy. The Annals of American Academy of Political and Social Science. 616 (10), 10-30.
  • Duke, S. (2002). Wired Science: Use of World Wide Web and e-mail in Science Public Relations. Public Relations Review, 28, 311-324.
  • Entradas, M. ve Bauer M.M. (2016). Mobilisation for Public Engagement: Benchmarking the Practices of Research Institutes, Public Understanding of Science, Vol. 26, Issue 7, pp. 771-788.
  • Fedoroff, N.V. 2009. Science Diplomacy In The 21st Century. Cell 136 (1): 9–11.
  • Forman, J. (2015). Chemistry and Diplomacy: Science Education and Science Communication in Disarmament, Fall, ACS CHED CCCE Newsletter. https://confchem.ccce.divched.org/sites/confchem.ccce.divched.org/files/2015FallCCCENLP4.pdf
  • Gluckman, P. D., Turekian, V. C., Grimes, R. W. and Kishi, T. (2017). N 6 (4).
  • Grimes R., Chamberlain Y. ve Oku A. (2014). The UK Response to Fukushima and Anglo-Japanese Relations, Science & Diplomacy, June.
  • Hocking, B. (2005) Rethinking the ‘New’ Public Diplomacy (içinde) The New Public Diplomacy (Ed. Jan Melissen) New York, Palgrave Macmıllan.
  • Hutton, J. G. (1999). The Definition, Dimensions, and Domain of Public Relations. Public Relations Review, 25(2), 199-214.
  • İslamoğlu, H. (2009). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri. İstanbul: Beta Yayınları.
  • Jasanoff, S. (2003), Technologies of Humility: Citizen Participation in Governing Science, Minerva 41(3), 223-244.
  • Kaltofen, C. ve Acuto, M. (2018). Science Diplomacy: Introduction to a Boundary Problem. Global Policy, 9 (3), November, 8-14.
  • Kanagarajan, S. and Sony, R. (2020). Science Communication at the Intersection of Science and International Relations: Success Stories and Learnings from the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Scientific Temper. Vol 8(3&4), July-Dec pp. 119-134.
  • Kelley, J. R. (2009). Between Take-offs and Crash Landings: Situational Aspects of Public Diplomacy. Routledge Handbook of Public Diplomacy. Newyork: Taylor&Francis,72-85.
  • Krige, J ve Barth, K.H. (2006). Science, Technology, and International Affairs. History of Science Society 21 (1), 1-21.
  • Leach, J. (2015). The Role of Science Communication in International Diplomacy. Science Diplomacy, New Day or False Down?, Ed. Davis, L.S. ve Patman R.G., World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., 155-169.
  • Lederbogen, U. ve Trebbe, J. (2003). Promoting Science on the Web. Science Communication, Vol. 24, No. 3, March 2003, 333-352.
  • Legrand, T. ve Stone, D. (2018). Science Diplomacy And Transnational Governance Impact. Br Polit, 13, 392–408.
  • Majumdar, M.G. (2018). The Art of Science Diplomacy. SPE Communications, March, 1-4.
  • Melissen J. (2005) The New Public Diplomacy: Between Theory and Practice, Melissen, J. (Ed.) The New Public Diplomacy (içinde). New York: Palgrave Macmıllan.
  • Mitcham, C. (Ed) (2005). Encyclopedia of Science, Technology, and Ethics. Farmington Hill: Thomson Gale.
  • Moomaw, W.R. (2018). Scientist Diplomats or Diplomat Scientists: Who Makes Science Diplomacy Effective? Global Policy, 9 (3), November.
  • Neresini, F. ve Bucchi, M. (2011). Which Indicators fort he New Public Engagement Activities? An Exploratory Study of European Research Institutions, Public Understanding of Science, 20 (1), pp. 64-79.
  • Nye, J.S. (2005). Yumuşak Güç. Ankara: Elips Kitap.
  • Peltekoğlu, F. B. (2009). Halkla İlişkiler Nedir? İstanbul: Beta Basım.
  • Rosenau, J. N. and Singh, J. P. (2002). Information Technologies and Global Politics: The Changing Scope of Power and Governance. SUNY Press.
  • Rowe, D. and Brass, K. (2011). We Take Academic Freedom Quite Seriously: How University Media Offices Menage Academic Public Communication. International Journal of Media and Cultural Politics, 7 (1): 3-20.
  • Schafer, M.S. (2009). From Public Understanding to Public Engagement: An Empirical Assessment of Changes in Science Coverage. Science Communication, 30(4): 475-505.
  • Sharp, P. (2005). Revolutionary States, Outlaw Regimes and the Techniques of Public Diplomacy. Melissen. J. (Ed.). The New Public Diplomacy (içinde). New York: Palgrave Macmıllan.
  • Signitzer, B. H. and Wamser, C. (2009). Public Diplomacy: A Specific Governmental Public Relations Function. Botan, C ve Hazelton, V. (Ed.). Public Relations Theory II (içinde) New York: Taylor & Francis, 382-411.
  • Signitzer, B. H. ve Coombs, T. (1992). Public Relations and Public Diplomacy: Conceptual Covergences. Public Relations Review 18 (2), 137-147.
  • Smith, F. L. (2014). Advancing Science Diplomacy: Indonesia And The US Naval Medical Research Unit. Social Studies of Science 44 (6), 825–847.
  • Snow, N. (2014). Public Diplomacy: New Dimensions and Implications. McPhail (Ed.). Global Communication: Theory, Stakeholders, and Trends (içinde) (Fourth ed) Chichester, United Kingdom: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 64-79.
  • Stigoe, J.; Lock S.J.; Willsdon, J. (2014). Why Should We Promote Public Engagement with Science?, Public Understanding of Science, Vol. 23 (1), 4-15.
  • Szondi, G. (2009) Central and Eastern European Public Diplomacy: A Transinational Perspective on National Reputation Management. Routledge Handbook of Public Diplomacy, Newyork: Taylor&Francis, 292-313.
  • Thompson H. E. (2018). Science Diplomacy within Sustainable Development: A SIDS Perspective. Global Policy, 9 (3), November, 45-47.
  • Turekian, V. (2018). The Evolution of Science Diplomacy. Global Policy, 9 (3), November, 5-7.
  • Turekian, V., Macindoe., S., Copeland, D., Davis, L., Patman, R. and Pozza, R. (2014). The Emergence of Science Diplomacy, L. Davis and R. Patman (Eds.), Science Diplomacy: New Day or False Dawn? (içinde). Singapore: World Scientific, pp. 10–24.
  • Sütçü, G. (2012). New Mode of Diplomacy in the 21st Century Science Diplomacy, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 13 (2), 1-14.
  • Weiss, C. (2005). Science, Technology and International Relations. Technology in Society, 27 (3), 295–313.
  • Yang, A.; Klyueva, A. and Taylor, M. (2012). Beyond a Dyadic Approach to Public Diplomacy: Understanding Relationships in Multipolar World. Public Relations Review 38(5), 652-664 Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2016). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayınları. Zaharna, R (2009). Mapping Out a Spectrum of Public Diplomacy Initiatives. Information and Relational Communication Frameworks. Routledge Handbook of Public Diplomacy, Newyork:Taylor&Francis, 86-100.
  • Zaharna, R., and Uysal, N. (2015). Going For The Jugular: The Challenge From The 4thquadrant Of A Relational Public Diplomacy Model. Public Relations Review. 42(1), 378–380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2015.07.006.
  • The Royal Society and AAAS Report (2010). New Frontiers İn Science Diplomacy Navigating The Changing Balance Of Power. January, The Royal Society Science Policy Centre 6–9 Carlton House Terrace London. https://www.aaas.org/sites/default/files/New_Frontiers.pdf. Erişim tarihi: 28.08.2020
  • AAAS Dialogue on Science, Ethics, and Religion, www.scienceforseminaries.org , Erişim tarihi 13.09.2020.
  • AAAS Kurumsal Web Sitesi, www.aaas.org , Erişim tarihi 13.09.2020.
  • AAAS, https://www.influencewatch.org/non-profit/american-association-for-the-advancement-of-science/ . Erişim tarihi: 20.11.2020.
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (2020). https://www.britannica.com/topic/American-Association-for-the-Advancement-of-Science.Erişim tarihi: 20.11.2020.
  • Anadolu Ajansı, “YEE ile TÜBİTAK'tan 'bilim diplomasisi'nde güç birliği” (2018). https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/bilim-teknoloji/yee-ile-tubitaktan-bilim-diplomasisinde-guc-birligi/1101513 , Erişim tarihi: 26.11.2020.
  • National Research Council (2002). Knowledge and Diplomacy: Science advice in the United Nations System, Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, http://www.nap.edu/ catalog.php?record_id=10577 . Erişim tarihi: 22.11.2020.
  • STEMPRA Kurumsal Web Sitesi; https://www.stempra.org/uk, Erişim tarihi 20.09.2020.
  • Subaru Kurumsal Web Sitesi, https://www.subaru.com/education/education-causes.html ,Erişim tarihi 20.09.2020.
  • TABİP Projesi Kurumsal Web Sitesi, https://www.tabip.global/ecosystem/views/portal . Erişim tarihi 20.09.2020.
  • TASAM (Türk Asya Stratejik araştırmalar Merkezi) Kurumsal Web Sitesi, https://tasam.org/, Erişim tarihi 20.09.2020.
  • The Royal Society Kurumsal Web Sitesi. https://www.royalsociety.org . Erişim tarihi 20.09.2020.
  • The Royal Society Strategic Plan 2017 – 2022, https://royalsociety.org/-/media/about-us/governance/royal-society-strategic-plan-summary-2017-2022.pdf?la=en-GB&hash=2BE607079802A929087AEA5E8C4E94B3 . Erişim tarihi: 20.09.2020
  • The Royal Society, British science society (2020) https://www.britannica.com/topic/Royal-Society . Erişim tarihi: 20.11.2020.
  • Ulusal Bilim Yazarları Derneği Kurumsal Web Sitesi. https://www.nasw.org. Erişim tarihi 20.09.2020.
  • Who we are? AAAS- American Association for the Advancement of Science, https://www.aaas.org/. Erişim tarihi: 20.09.2020.
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“American Association for the Advancement of Science” and “The Royal Society” in the Context of the Science Public Relations and Science Diplomacy Relation: A New Model for Turkey

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 6, 75 - 106, 31.01.2021

Gonca Yıldırım Deniz Akbulut

https://doi.org/10.16878/gsuilet.867946
Cited By: 2

Öz

Advances in information and communication technologies have made science a part of politics and international relations. While international agreements become crucial for the rapid development and spread of science, science has a critical role in solving international problems. The concept of "science diplomacy" that we have encountered in this process, is the establishment of scientific collaborations to make and carry out co-decisions for the solution of international problems. However, "science-public relations" come into play in the execution, spread, and appropriation of these partnerships and studies to all societies. While science diplomacy and science public relations have been deal with together in international academic literature there is little research in this field in Turkey. In the framework of tripartite taxonomy of science diplomacy, this study aims to examine the activities of the world's leading institutions: American Association for the Advancement of Science (USA) and The Royal Society (United Kingdom); and deriving from this examination, to offer a model proposal for Turkey. This research proposes to establish the "Turkey Science Diplomacy Institute" based on the developed model following activities and cooperation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Public relations science public relations science diplomacy public diplomacy public engagement

Kaynakça

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Toplam 63 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Gonca Yıldırım 0000-0002-7433-0841

Deniz Akbulut 0000-0003-0236-525X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ocak 2021
Kabul Tarihi 25 Ocak 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Sayı: 6

Kaynak Göster

APA Yıldırım, G., & Akbulut, D. (2021). Bilim Diplomasisi ve Bilim Halkla İlişkileri Bağlamında “American Association for the Advancement of Science” (AAAS) ve “Royal Society” Örnekleri Üzerinden Türkiye İçin Bir Model Önerisi. Galatasaray Üniversitesi İletişim Dergisi(6), 75-106. https://doi.org/10.16878/gsuilet.867946

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