Öz
Digital media has proven its importance during the COVID-19 lockdown by bringing citizens together and providing a virtual space to be creative. Therefore, art institutions have reconsidered their online presence and expanded their digital capabilities focusing on their corporate websites and social media accounts. Diverse research has been conducted addressing museums' digital media usage during the lockdown, mostly in terms of numbers. To offer a different viewpoint, through an explanatory approach supported by a qualitative methodology, this study aims to understand how the digital media and communication teams of art institutions have evaluated this digital shift encountered during the pandemic. Considering the researcher's ease of access, this study has focused on the leading private art institutions in Istanbul. Four in-depth interviews were conducted with employees of Arter, Istanbul Modern, Pera Museum, and SALT in January 2021. Correspondingly, concentrating on their digital activities, the experiences of the team members have been shared.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Museum studies digital media COVID-19 social media pandemic art museums digital communication
Kaynakça
- Altunbaş, A., & Özdemir, C. (2012). Çağdaş müzecilik anlayışı ve ülkemizdeki müzeler. Retrieved 7 December 2020, from https://teftis.ktb.gov.tr/Eklenti/4655,makale.pdf
- Anderson, C. (2012, June). How web video powers global innovation. TED Conferences. https://web.archive.org/web/20131202000212/http:/www.ted.com/talks/chris_anderson_how_web_video_powers_global_innovation.html.
- Arter. (n.d.). Retrieved February 5 2021, from https://www.arter.org.tr/en/about-us
- Burke, V., Jørgensen, D., & Jørgensen, F. A. (2020). Museums at Home: Digital Initiatives in Response to COVID-19. Norsk Museumstidsskrift, 6(2), 117-123. doi:10.18261/issn.2464-2525-2020-02-05.
- Bourgeon-Renault, D., Urbain, C., Petr, C., Le Gall-Ely, M., & Gombault, A. (2006). An Experiential Approach to the Consumption Value of Arts and Culture: The Case of Museums and Monuments. International Journal of Arts Management, 9(1), 35-47.
- Collin-Lachaud, I., & Passebois, J. (2008). Do Immersive Technologies Add Value to the Museumgoing Experience? An Exploratory Study Conducted at France’s Paléosite. International Journal of Arts Management. 11(1), 60-71.
- Creswell, J. W. (2016). Essential skills for the qualitative researcher . 1-292.
- Daenekindt, S., & Roose, H. (2017). Ways of preferring: Distinction through the ‘what’ and the ‘how’ of cultural consumption. Journal of Consumer Culture, 17(1), 25-45. doi:10.1177/1469540514553715.
- Diamantopoulou, S. (2020, August 17). Retrieved from Experiencing the digital museum at the time of the pandemic: The ethics of multimodal communication with the visitors: https://panmemic.hypotheses.org/778
- Erkmen, A., Kılıç, M., & Kutsal, D. (2020). Accessibility of Art Museums in Istanbul during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Evaluation via Social Media and Digital Applications. MSGSÜ Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2(22), pp. 271-289. Retrieved December 16, 2020.
- Esmel-Pamies, C. (2009). Into the politics of museum audience research (Master's thesis). Retrieved from: [E]dition 5 Tate Encounters.
- Grincheva, N. (2018). Researching online museums: Digital methods to study virtual visitors. In l. levenberg, T. Neilson, & D. Rheams (Eds.), Research methods for the digital humanities (pp. 103-128. ). Palgrave Macmillan.
- ICOM. (2020, May 26). Museums, museum professionals and covid-19: Survey Results. Retrieved from https://icom.museum/en/news/museums-museum-professionals-and-covid-19-survey-results/
- Istanbul Modern. (n.d.). Retrieved February 2 2021, from https://www.istanbulmodern.org/en/museum/about_760.html
- Kasapoğlu Akyol, P. (2020). Covid-19 Küresel Salgın Dönemi ve Sonrası Müze Etkinlikleri. Millî Folklor, 32(16), 72-86. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1192049.
- Karadeniz, C. (2020). Müzede Dijital Teknolojilerin Kullanımı ve Salgın Sürecinde Dijital Katılım. idil, 70, 975–984. doi: 10.7816/idil-09-70-06 .
- Message, K. (2006). The New Museum. Theory, Culture & Society, 23(2-3), 603-606. doi:10.1177/0263276406023002110.
- NEMO. (2020, May 12). Survey on the impact of the covid-19 situation on museums in Europe Final Report. Retrieved from https://www.nemo.org/fileadmin/Dateien/public/NEMO_documents/NEMO_COVID19_Report_12.05.2020.pdf
- Oberhardt, S. (2001). Frames within frames: The art museum as cultural artifact. New York: Peter Lang. Oğuz, İ. (2019). Dijital iletişim sürecinde türkiye’deki müzelerin yeri. Unpublished master's thesis. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İzmir
- Parseyhan, B. G. (2020). Digital Transformation in Museum Management: The Usage of Information and Communication Technologies. Turkish Studies - Social Sciences, 15(8), 3539-3550. doi.org/10.47356/TurkishStudies.45995.
- Pollock, G. and Zemans, J. (2007). Museums after modernism. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
- Pera Museum. (n.d.). Retrieved February 1, 2021, from https://www.peramuseum.org/Home/About
- Radermecker, A. V. (2020). Art and Culture in the COVID-19 era: For a Consumer-oriented Approach. S. SN Business & Economics, 1(1), doi:10.1007/s43546-020-00003-y.
- Rafiq, M., Batool, S. M., Ali, A. F., & Ullah, M. (2021). University Libraries Response to COVID-19 Pandemic: A Developing Country Perspective. The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 47, 1-10.
- SALT. (n.d.). Retrieved December 11 2021, from from https://saltonline.org/en/43
- Shrapnel, E. (2012). Engaging young adults in museums an audience research study. Unpublished master's thesis.
- UNESCO. (2020, May). Museums around the world in the face of covid-19. Retrieved from https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000373530?fbclid=IwAR0JGX8DmJZUMlWPK7mMF8FDx4_x8FDJIYEOy0YO6jH63mBTjtQhhP_yN1w
- Zbuchea, A., Romanelli, M., & Bira, M. (2020). Museums in time of the covid-19 pandemic. Focus on romania and italy. Proceedings of Strategica 2020, 680-705. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345732637_Museums_during_the_COVID- 19_pandemic_Focus_on_Romania_and_Italy Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2016). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin.
COVID-19 Döneminde Özel Sanat Kurumlarının Dijital Varlıklarını Nasıl Değerlendirdikleri Üzerine Bir Analiz
Öz
Dijital medya araçları, COVID-19 karantina dönemi sırasında insanları bir araya getirerek ve yaratıcı olabilmeleri için sanal bir alan sağlayarak, günlük hayatımızdaki önemi bir kez daha kanıtladı. Bu nedenle, sanat kurumları çevrimiçi varlıklarını yeniden gözden geçirdiler ve dijital yeteneklerini kurumsal web sitelerine ve sosyal medya hesaplarına odaklanarak genişlettiler. Kapalı kalınan süre içinde, müzelerin dijital medya kullanımlarını ağırlıkla sayısal veriler aracılığıyla ele alan çeşitli araştırmalar yapılmıştır. Farklı bir bakış açısı sunabilmek adına bu çalışma, nitel bir yöntem ile desteklenen açıklayıcı bir yaklaşımla, sanat kurumlarının dijital medya ve iletişim ekiplerinin pandemi sırasında deneyimledikleri dijital değişimi nasıl değerlendirdiklerini anlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmacının erişim kolaylığı göz önüne alındığında, bu çalışma İstanbul'un önde gelen özel sanat kurumlarına odaklanmıştır. Ocak 2021'de, Arter, İstanbul Modern, Pera Müzesi ve SALT adlı kurumların çalışanları ile dört derinlemesine görüşme gerçekleştirilmiştir. Buna paralel olarak, görüşülen ekip üyelerinin deneyimleri, dijital faaliyetlerine odaklanarak paylaşmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Müze çalışmaları dijital medya COVID-19 sosyal medya pandemi sanat müzeleri dijital iletişim
Kaynakça
- Altunbaş, A., & Özdemir, C. (2012). Çağdaş müzecilik anlayışı ve ülkemizdeki müzeler. Retrieved 7 December 2020, from https://teftis.ktb.gov.tr/Eklenti/4655,makale.pdf
- Anderson, C. (2012, June). How web video powers global innovation. TED Conferences. https://web.archive.org/web/20131202000212/http:/www.ted.com/talks/chris_anderson_how_web_video_powers_global_innovation.html.
- Arter. (n.d.). Retrieved February 5 2021, from https://www.arter.org.tr/en/about-us
- Burke, V., Jørgensen, D., & Jørgensen, F. A. (2020). Museums at Home: Digital Initiatives in Response to COVID-19. Norsk Museumstidsskrift, 6(2), 117-123. doi:10.18261/issn.2464-2525-2020-02-05.
- Bourgeon-Renault, D., Urbain, C., Petr, C., Le Gall-Ely, M., & Gombault, A. (2006). An Experiential Approach to the Consumption Value of Arts and Culture: The Case of Museums and Monuments. International Journal of Arts Management, 9(1), 35-47.
- Collin-Lachaud, I., & Passebois, J. (2008). Do Immersive Technologies Add Value to the Museumgoing Experience? An Exploratory Study Conducted at France’s Paléosite. International Journal of Arts Management. 11(1), 60-71.
- Creswell, J. W. (2016). Essential skills for the qualitative researcher . 1-292.
- Daenekindt, S., & Roose, H. (2017). Ways of preferring: Distinction through the ‘what’ and the ‘how’ of cultural consumption. Journal of Consumer Culture, 17(1), 25-45. doi:10.1177/1469540514553715.
- Diamantopoulou, S. (2020, August 17). Retrieved from Experiencing the digital museum at the time of the pandemic: The ethics of multimodal communication with the visitors: https://panmemic.hypotheses.org/778
- Erkmen, A., Kılıç, M., & Kutsal, D. (2020). Accessibility of Art Museums in Istanbul during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Evaluation via Social Media and Digital Applications. MSGSÜ Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2(22), pp. 271-289. Retrieved December 16, 2020.
- Esmel-Pamies, C. (2009). Into the politics of museum audience research (Master's thesis). Retrieved from: [E]dition 5 Tate Encounters.
- Grincheva, N. (2018). Researching online museums: Digital methods to study virtual visitors. In l. levenberg, T. Neilson, & D. Rheams (Eds.), Research methods for the digital humanities (pp. 103-128. ). Palgrave Macmillan.
- ICOM. (2020, May 26). Museums, museum professionals and covid-19: Survey Results. Retrieved from https://icom.museum/en/news/museums-museum-professionals-and-covid-19-survey-results/
- Istanbul Modern. (n.d.). Retrieved February 2 2021, from https://www.istanbulmodern.org/en/museum/about_760.html
- Kasapoğlu Akyol, P. (2020). Covid-19 Küresel Salgın Dönemi ve Sonrası Müze Etkinlikleri. Millî Folklor, 32(16), 72-86. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1192049.
- Karadeniz, C. (2020). Müzede Dijital Teknolojilerin Kullanımı ve Salgın Sürecinde Dijital Katılım. idil, 70, 975–984. doi: 10.7816/idil-09-70-06 .
- Message, K. (2006). The New Museum. Theory, Culture & Society, 23(2-3), 603-606. doi:10.1177/0263276406023002110.
- NEMO. (2020, May 12). Survey on the impact of the covid-19 situation on museums in Europe Final Report. Retrieved from https://www.nemo.org/fileadmin/Dateien/public/NEMO_documents/NEMO_COVID19_Report_12.05.2020.pdf
- Oberhardt, S. (2001). Frames within frames: The art museum as cultural artifact. New York: Peter Lang. Oğuz, İ. (2019). Dijital iletişim sürecinde türkiye’deki müzelerin yeri. Unpublished master's thesis. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İzmir
- Parseyhan, B. G. (2020). Digital Transformation in Museum Management: The Usage of Information and Communication Technologies. Turkish Studies - Social Sciences, 15(8), 3539-3550. doi.org/10.47356/TurkishStudies.45995.
- Pollock, G. and Zemans, J. (2007). Museums after modernism. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
- Pera Museum. (n.d.). Retrieved February 1, 2021, from https://www.peramuseum.org/Home/About
- Radermecker, A. V. (2020). Art and Culture in the COVID-19 era: For a Consumer-oriented Approach. S. SN Business & Economics, 1(1), doi:10.1007/s43546-020-00003-y.
- Rafiq, M., Batool, S. M., Ali, A. F., & Ullah, M. (2021). University Libraries Response to COVID-19 Pandemic: A Developing Country Perspective. The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 47, 1-10.
- SALT. (n.d.). Retrieved December 11 2021, from from https://saltonline.org/en/43
- Shrapnel, E. (2012). Engaging young adults in museums an audience research study. Unpublished master's thesis.
- UNESCO. (2020, May). Museums around the world in the face of covid-19. Retrieved from https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000373530?fbclid=IwAR0JGX8DmJZUMlWPK7mMF8FDx4_x8FDJIYEOy0YO6jH63mBTjtQhhP_yN1w
- Zbuchea, A., Romanelli, M., & Bira, M. (2020). Museums in time of the covid-19 pandemic. Focus on romania and italy. Proceedings of Strategica 2020, 680-705. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345732637_Museums_during_the_COVID- 19_pandemic_Focus_on_Romania_and_Italy Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2016). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin.
Une Analyse de la Façon dont Les Institutions Artistiques Privées Évaluent Leur Présence Numérique Pendant COVID-19
Öz
Les médias numériques ont prouvé leur importance lors du verrouillage du COVID-19 en rassemblant les citoyens et en offrant un espace virtuel pour être créatif. Par conséquent, les institutions artistiques ont reconsidéré leur présence en ligne et élargi leurs capacités numériques en se concentrant sur leurs sites Web d'entreprise et leurs comptes de médias sociaux. Diverses recherches ont été menées sur l'utilisation des médias numériques par les musées pendant le verrouillage, principalement en termes de chiffres. Pour proposer un regard différent, à travers une approche explicative soutenue par une méthodologie qualitative, cette étude vise à comprendre comment les équipes médias numériques et communication des institutions artistiques ont évalué ce virage numérique rencontré lors de la pandémie. Compte tenu de la facilité d'accès du chercheur, cette étude s'est concentrée sur les principales institutions artistiques privées d'Istanbul. Quatre entretiens approfondis ont été menés avec des employés d'Arter, d'Istanbul Modern, du Pera Museum et de SALT en janvier 2021. Parallèlement, en se concentrant sur leurs activités numériques, les expériences des membres de l'équipe ont été partagées.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Etudes muséales médias numériques COVID-19 médias sociaux pandémie communication numérique musées d'art
Kaynakça
- Altunbaş, A., & Özdemir, C. (2012). Çağdaş müzecilik anlayışı ve ülkemizdeki müzeler. Retrieved 7 December 2020, from https://teftis.ktb.gov.tr/Eklenti/4655,makale.pdf
- Anderson, C. (2012, June). How web video powers global innovation. TED Conferences. https://web.archive.org/web/20131202000212/http:/www.ted.com/talks/chris_anderson_how_web_video_powers_global_innovation.html.
- Arter. (n.d.). Retrieved February 5 2021, from https://www.arter.org.tr/en/about-us
- Burke, V., Jørgensen, D., & Jørgensen, F. A. (2020). Museums at Home: Digital Initiatives in Response to COVID-19. Norsk Museumstidsskrift, 6(2), 117-123. doi:10.18261/issn.2464-2525-2020-02-05.
- Bourgeon-Renault, D., Urbain, C., Petr, C., Le Gall-Ely, M., & Gombault, A. (2006). An Experiential Approach to the Consumption Value of Arts and Culture: The Case of Museums and Monuments. International Journal of Arts Management, 9(1), 35-47.
- Collin-Lachaud, I., & Passebois, J. (2008). Do Immersive Technologies Add Value to the Museumgoing Experience? An Exploratory Study Conducted at France’s Paléosite. International Journal of Arts Management. 11(1), 60-71.
- Creswell, J. W. (2016). Essential skills for the qualitative researcher . 1-292.
- Daenekindt, S., & Roose, H. (2017). Ways of preferring: Distinction through the ‘what’ and the ‘how’ of cultural consumption. Journal of Consumer Culture, 17(1), 25-45. doi:10.1177/1469540514553715.
- Diamantopoulou, S. (2020, August 17). Retrieved from Experiencing the digital museum at the time of the pandemic: The ethics of multimodal communication with the visitors: https://panmemic.hypotheses.org/778
- Erkmen, A., Kılıç, M., & Kutsal, D. (2020). Accessibility of Art Museums in Istanbul during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Evaluation via Social Media and Digital Applications. MSGSÜ Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2(22), pp. 271-289. Retrieved December 16, 2020.
- Esmel-Pamies, C. (2009). Into the politics of museum audience research (Master's thesis). Retrieved from: [E]dition 5 Tate Encounters.
- Grincheva, N. (2018). Researching online museums: Digital methods to study virtual visitors. In l. levenberg, T. Neilson, & D. Rheams (Eds.), Research methods for the digital humanities (pp. 103-128. ). Palgrave Macmillan.
- ICOM. (2020, May 26). Museums, museum professionals and covid-19: Survey Results. Retrieved from https://icom.museum/en/news/museums-museum-professionals-and-covid-19-survey-results/
- Istanbul Modern. (n.d.). Retrieved February 2 2021, from https://www.istanbulmodern.org/en/museum/about_760.html
- Kasapoğlu Akyol, P. (2020). Covid-19 Küresel Salgın Dönemi ve Sonrası Müze Etkinlikleri. Millî Folklor, 32(16), 72-86. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1192049.
- Karadeniz, C. (2020). Müzede Dijital Teknolojilerin Kullanımı ve Salgın Sürecinde Dijital Katılım. idil, 70, 975–984. doi: 10.7816/idil-09-70-06 .
- Message, K. (2006). The New Museum. Theory, Culture & Society, 23(2-3), 603-606. doi:10.1177/0263276406023002110.
- NEMO. (2020, May 12). Survey on the impact of the covid-19 situation on museums in Europe Final Report. Retrieved from https://www.nemo.org/fileadmin/Dateien/public/NEMO_documents/NEMO_COVID19_Report_12.05.2020.pdf
- Oberhardt, S. (2001). Frames within frames: The art museum as cultural artifact. New York: Peter Lang. Oğuz, İ. (2019). Dijital iletişim sürecinde türkiye’deki müzelerin yeri. Unpublished master's thesis. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İzmir
- Parseyhan, B. G. (2020). Digital Transformation in Museum Management: The Usage of Information and Communication Technologies. Turkish Studies - Social Sciences, 15(8), 3539-3550. doi.org/10.47356/TurkishStudies.45995.
- Pollock, G. and Zemans, J. (2007). Museums after modernism. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
- Pera Museum. (n.d.). Retrieved February 1, 2021, from https://www.peramuseum.org/Home/About
- Radermecker, A. V. (2020). Art and Culture in the COVID-19 era: For a Consumer-oriented Approach. S. SN Business & Economics, 1(1), doi:10.1007/s43546-020-00003-y.
- Rafiq, M., Batool, S. M., Ali, A. F., & Ullah, M. (2021). University Libraries Response to COVID-19 Pandemic: A Developing Country Perspective. The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 47, 1-10.
- SALT. (n.d.). Retrieved December 11 2021, from from https://saltonline.org/en/43
- Shrapnel, E. (2012). Engaging young adults in museums an audience research study. Unpublished master's thesis.
- UNESCO. (2020, May). Museums around the world in the face of covid-19. Retrieved from https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000373530?fbclid=IwAR0JGX8DmJZUMlWPK7mMF8FDx4_x8FDJIYEOy0YO6jH63mBTjtQhhP_yN1w
- Zbuchea, A., Romanelli, M., & Bira, M. (2020). Museums in time of the covid-19 pandemic. Focus on romania and italy. Proceedings of Strategica 2020, 680-705. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345732637_Museums_during_the_COVID- 19_pandemic_Focus_on_Romania_and_Italy Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2016). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Mayıs 2021 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 25 Mayıs 2021 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2021 |
