COVID-19 Aşısı ve Yalan Haber: Aşılanma Öncesinde Bireylerin Yalan Haber İçeriklerini Fark Etme, Takip Etme ve Teyit Etme Eğilimlerinin Belirlenmesi

Yıldıray Kesgin; Derya Gül Ünlü

doi:10.16878/gsuilet.914875

Araştırma Makalesi

Le vaccin COVID-19 et les fausses nouvelles : déterminer la tendance des individus à reconnaître, suivre et confirmer le contenu des fausses nouvelles avant la vaccination

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 35, 32 - 55, 30.12.2021

Yıldıray Kesgin , Derya Gül Ünlü

https://doi.org/10.16878/gsuilet.914875

Cited By: 4

Öz

Avec l'achèvement de la production de vaccins COVID-19 et le début du processus de vaccination, un contenu d'actualités qui ne reflète pas ou qui déforme la vérité sur la nature et les éventuels effets secondaires des vaccins ainsi que des contenus d'actualités qui transmettent des informations précises ont été diffusés dans les médias traditionnels et numériques. Dans cette étude réalisée avant le début du processus de vaccination en Turquie, il s'agissait de déterminer les niveaux de sensibilisation des individus sur le contenu de l'actualité sur le vaccin et de révéler leurs tendances à suivre, à confirmer, à faire confiance et à attacher de l'importance à l'actualité en question. À la suite de l'étude, il a été déterminé que les individus ne trouvent pas les informations sur les vaccins dans les médias suffisamment fiables et informatives ; qu'ils pensent qu'il y a trop de fausses informations dans les médias sociaux ; que tout en attachant de l'importance aux déclarations du Ministre de la Santé au sujet du vaccin, ils suivent également l'actualité du vaccin en comparant de différentes sources ; et qu'ils déclarent que les discussions sur le vaccin publiées dans les médias n'affectent pas leurs attitudes envers le vaccin COVID-19.

Anahtar Kelimeler

le COVID-19, le vaccin COVID-19, les nouvelles sur le vaccin COVID-19, la désinformation, les fausses nouvelles

Kaynakça

Argüt, N., Yetim, A. ve Gökçay, G. (2016). Aşı Kabulünü Etkileyen Faktörler. Çocuk Dergisi, 16(1-2), 16-24.
Beschloss, M. (2002) Dividing the Spoils. Smithsonian Magazine. Erişim 23 Mart 2021 https://cutt.ly/KcQ3wr0
Boberg, S., Quandt, T., Schato-Eckrodt, T. ve Frischlich, L. (2020) Pandemic Populism: Facebook Pages of Alternative News Media and the Corona Crisis – A Computatonal Content Analysis. ArXiv E-Prints, 2004.02566. Erişim 5 Nisan 2021 https://cutt.ly/scWUbsv
Carrieri, V., Madio, L. ve Principe, F. (2019). Vaccine Hesitancy and (Fake) News: Quasi-experimental Evidence from Italy. Health Economics, 28(11), 1377-1382.
Catalan-Matamoros, D. ve Elías, C. (2020). Vaccine Hesitancy in the Age of Coronavirus and Fake News: Analysis of Journalistic Sources in the Spanish Quality Press. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(21), 8136-8151.
Ceron, W., de-Lima-Santos, M.F. ve Quiles, M.G. (2021). Fake News Agenda in the Era of COVID-19: Identifying Trends through Fact-checking Content. Journal of Online Social Networks and Media, 21, 100116.
Chen, X., Sin, S.C.J., Theng, Y.L. ve Lee, C.S. (2015). Why Students Share Misinformation on Social Media: Motivation, Gender, and Study-level Differences. The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 41(5), 583-592.
de las Heras-Pedrosa, C., Rando-Cueto, D., Jambrino-Maldonado, C. ve Paniagua-Rojano, F.J. (2020). Exploring the Social Media on the Communication Professionals in Public Health: Spanish Offical Medical Colleges Case Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(13), 48-59.
Dirini, İ. ve Özsu G. (2020). COVID-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Sosyal Medyada Nefret Söylemi Raporu. Z. Özarslan (Ed.), Ankara: Alternatif Bilişim.
Du, F., Chantler, T., Francis, M.R., Sun, F.Y., Zhang, X., Han, K., Rodewald, L., Yu, H., Tu, S., Larson, H. & Hou, Z. (2021). The determinants of vaccine hesitancy in China: A cross-sectional study following the Changchun Changsheng vaccine incident. Vaccine, 38(47), 7464-7471.
Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (2020). Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Situation Report – 13. Erişim 5 Nisan 2021 https://cutt.ly/lcWYqun
Eberle, H. ve Uhl, M. (2005). The Hitler Book: The Secret Dossier Prepared for Stalin from the Interrogations of Hitler's Personal Aides. New York: Public Affairs
Eguia, H., Vinciarelli, F., Bosque-Prous, M., Kristensen, T. ve Saigí-Rubió, F. (2021). Spain’s Hesitation at the Gates of a COVID-19 Vaccine. Vaccines, 9(2), 170.
Erkan, G. ve Ayhan, E. (2018). Siyasal İletişimde Dezenformasyon ve Sosyal Medya: Bir Doğrulama Platformu Olarak Teyit.Org. Akdeniz İletişim Dergisi, 29, 202-223.
Falcone, R. ve Sapienza, A. (2020). How COVID-19 Changed the Information Needs of Italian Citizens. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17, 6988.
Fridman, I., Lucas, N., Henke, D. & Zigler, C. K. (2020). Association between public knowledge about COVID-19, trust in information sources, and adherence to social distancing: cross-sectional survey. JMIR public health and surveillance, 6(3), e22060.
Geldsetzer, P. (2020). Knowledge and Perxeptions of COVID-19 among the General Public in the United States and the United Kingdom: A Cross-sectional Online Survey. Annals of Internal Medicine, 173(2), 157-160.
Goodman, J. ve Carmichael, F. (2020). Coronavirus: Bill Gates ‘microchip’ conspiracy theory and other vaccine claims fact-checked. Erişim 8 Nisan 2021 https://www.bbc.com/news/52847648
Gül-Ünlü, D. & Kesgin, Y. (2021). Tavşan deliği ve siyasal radikalleşme: YouTube kullanıcı önerileri üzerinden bir değerlendirme. A. Aydemir (Ed.). Gelenekselden dijitale siyasal iletişim çalışmaları içinde (67-78). Konya: Eğitim Yayınevi.
Holeva, V., Parlapani, E., Nikopoulou, V.A., Nouskas, I. & Diakogiannis, I. (2020). COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in a sample of Greek adults. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 1-7.
İkiışık, H., Sezerol, M.A., Taşçı, Y. & Maral, I. (2021). COVID-19 Vaccine hesitancy: A community-based research in Turkey. International Journal of Clinical Practice, e14336.
Jain, J., Saurabh, S., Goel, A.D., Gupta, M.K., Bhardwaj, P. ve Raghav, P.R. (2021). COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Undergraduate Medical Students: Results from a Nationwide Survey in India. MedRxiv, Erişim 11 Nisan 2021 https://cutt.ly/Wc4RqUa
Hossova, M. (2018). Fake News and Disinformation: Phenomenons of Post-factual Society. Media Literacy and Academic Research, 1(2): 27-35.
Kershaw, I. (2001). Hitler, 1936–1945: Nemesis. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
Kılanç, R. ve Öztürk, Y.E. (2020). Halkın Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Düzeyi ile Sağlık Kaygısı Arasındaki İlişki. Sosyoloji Araştırmaları Dergisi, 23(2), 214-243.
Kılıç, M., Ustundag-Ocal, N. & Uslukılıç, G. (2021). The relationship of COVID-19 vaccine attitude with life satisfaction, religious attitude and COVID-19 avoidance in Turkey. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 17(10), 3384-3393.
Kiraz, E. (2019). Sosyal medya ve algı yönetimi: İngiltere’nin Brexit sürecinde sosyal medya dezenformasyonu. Paradoks Ekonomi, Sosyoloji ve Politika Dergisi, 15(1), 1-18. Kremps, S.E. ve Kriner, D. (2020). Medical Misinformation in the COVID-19 Pandemic. SSRN, Erişim 10 Nisan 2021 https://cutt.ly/Dc4RvEP
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Larson, H.J., Jarrett, C., Echersberger, E., Smith, D.M. & Paterson, P. (2014). Understanding vaccine hesitancy around vaccines and vaccination from a global perspective: A Systematic review of published literature, 2007-2012. Vaccine, 32(19), 2150-2159.
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The COVID-19 Vaccine and Fake News: Determining Individuals’ Tendency to Recognize, Follow and Confirm Fake News Content Before the Vaccination

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 35, 32 - 55, 30.12.2021

Yıldıray Kesgin , Derya Gül Ünlü

https://doi.org/10.16878/gsuilet.914875

Cited By: 4

Öz

With the completion of the production of COVID-19 vaccines and the start of the vaccination process, news content that does not reflect or distorts the truth about the nature and possible side effects of vaccines as well as news content that conveys accurate information has been circulated in both traditional and digital media. In this study that realized before the start of the vaccination process in Turkey, it was aimed to determine the awareness levels of individuals about the news content about the vaccine and to reveal their tendencies to follow, to confirm, to trust and to attach importance to the news in question. As a result of the study, it has been determined that individuals do not find the vaccine news in the media reliable and informative enough; that they think that there is too much fake news content in the social media; that while attaching importance to the statements of the Minister of Health about the vaccine, they also follow the news about the vaccine by comparing from different sources; and that they state that the discussions about the vaccine published in the media do not affect their attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccine.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, COVID-19 vaccine, COVID-19 vaccine news, disinformation, fake news

Kaynakça

Argüt, N., Yetim, A. ve Gökçay, G. (2016). Aşı Kabulünü Etkileyen Faktörler. Çocuk Dergisi, 16(1-2), 16-24.
Beschloss, M. (2002) Dividing the Spoils. Smithsonian Magazine. Erişim 23 Mart 2021 https://cutt.ly/KcQ3wr0
Boberg, S., Quandt, T., Schato-Eckrodt, T. ve Frischlich, L. (2020) Pandemic Populism: Facebook Pages of Alternative News Media and the Corona Crisis – A Computatonal Content Analysis. ArXiv E-Prints, 2004.02566. Erişim 5 Nisan 2021 https://cutt.ly/scWUbsv
Carrieri, V., Madio, L. ve Principe, F. (2019). Vaccine Hesitancy and (Fake) News: Quasi-experimental Evidence from Italy. Health Economics, 28(11), 1377-1382.
Catalan-Matamoros, D. ve Elías, C. (2020). Vaccine Hesitancy in the Age of Coronavirus and Fake News: Analysis of Journalistic Sources in the Spanish Quality Press. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(21), 8136-8151.
Ceron, W., de-Lima-Santos, M.F. ve Quiles, M.G. (2021). Fake News Agenda in the Era of COVID-19: Identifying Trends through Fact-checking Content. Journal of Online Social Networks and Media, 21, 100116.
Chen, X., Sin, S.C.J., Theng, Y.L. ve Lee, C.S. (2015). Why Students Share Misinformation on Social Media: Motivation, Gender, and Study-level Differences. The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 41(5), 583-592.
de las Heras-Pedrosa, C., Rando-Cueto, D., Jambrino-Maldonado, C. ve Paniagua-Rojano, F.J. (2020). Exploring the Social Media on the Communication Professionals in Public Health: Spanish Offical Medical Colleges Case Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(13), 48-59.
Dirini, İ. ve Özsu G. (2020). COVID-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Sosyal Medyada Nefret Söylemi Raporu. Z. Özarslan (Ed.), Ankara: Alternatif Bilişim.
Du, F., Chantler, T., Francis, M.R., Sun, F.Y., Zhang, X., Han, K., Rodewald, L., Yu, H., Tu, S., Larson, H. & Hou, Z. (2021). The determinants of vaccine hesitancy in China: A cross-sectional study following the Changchun Changsheng vaccine incident. Vaccine, 38(47), 7464-7471.
Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (2020). Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Situation Report – 13. Erişim 5 Nisan 2021 https://cutt.ly/lcWYqun
Eberle, H. ve Uhl, M. (2005). The Hitler Book: The Secret Dossier Prepared for Stalin from the Interrogations of Hitler's Personal Aides. New York: Public Affairs
Eguia, H., Vinciarelli, F., Bosque-Prous, M., Kristensen, T. ve Saigí-Rubió, F. (2021). Spain’s Hesitation at the Gates of a COVID-19 Vaccine. Vaccines, 9(2), 170.
Erkan, G. ve Ayhan, E. (2018). Siyasal İletişimde Dezenformasyon ve Sosyal Medya: Bir Doğrulama Platformu Olarak Teyit.Org. Akdeniz İletişim Dergisi, 29, 202-223.
Falcone, R. ve Sapienza, A. (2020). How COVID-19 Changed the Information Needs of Italian Citizens. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17, 6988.
Fridman, I., Lucas, N., Henke, D. & Zigler, C. K. (2020). Association between public knowledge about COVID-19, trust in information sources, and adherence to social distancing: cross-sectional survey. JMIR public health and surveillance, 6(3), e22060.
Geldsetzer, P. (2020). Knowledge and Perxeptions of COVID-19 among the General Public in the United States and the United Kingdom: A Cross-sectional Online Survey. Annals of Internal Medicine, 173(2), 157-160.
Goodman, J. ve Carmichael, F. (2020). Coronavirus: Bill Gates ‘microchip’ conspiracy theory and other vaccine claims fact-checked. Erişim 8 Nisan 2021 https://www.bbc.com/news/52847648
Gül-Ünlü, D. & Kesgin, Y. (2021). Tavşan deliği ve siyasal radikalleşme: YouTube kullanıcı önerileri üzerinden bir değerlendirme. A. Aydemir (Ed.). Gelenekselden dijitale siyasal iletişim çalışmaları içinde (67-78). Konya: Eğitim Yayınevi.
Holeva, V., Parlapani, E., Nikopoulou, V.A., Nouskas, I. & Diakogiannis, I. (2020). COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in a sample of Greek adults. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 1-7.
İkiışık, H., Sezerol, M.A., Taşçı, Y. & Maral, I. (2021). COVID-19 Vaccine hesitancy: A community-based research in Turkey. International Journal of Clinical Practice, e14336.
Jain, J., Saurabh, S., Goel, A.D., Gupta, M.K., Bhardwaj, P. ve Raghav, P.R. (2021). COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Undergraduate Medical Students: Results from a Nationwide Survey in India. MedRxiv, Erişim 11 Nisan 2021 https://cutt.ly/Wc4RqUa
Hossova, M. (2018). Fake News and Disinformation: Phenomenons of Post-factual Society. Media Literacy and Academic Research, 1(2): 27-35.
Kershaw, I. (2001). Hitler, 1936–1945: Nemesis. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
Kılanç, R. ve Öztürk, Y.E. (2020). Halkın Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Düzeyi ile Sağlık Kaygısı Arasındaki İlişki. Sosyoloji Araştırmaları Dergisi, 23(2), 214-243.
Kılıç, M., Ustundag-Ocal, N. & Uslukılıç, G. (2021). The relationship of COVID-19 vaccine attitude with life satisfaction, religious attitude and COVID-19 avoidance in Turkey. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 17(10), 3384-3393.
Kiraz, E. (2019). Sosyal medya ve algı yönetimi: İngiltere’nin Brexit sürecinde sosyal medya dezenformasyonu. Paradoks Ekonomi, Sosyoloji ve Politika Dergisi, 15(1), 1-18. Kremps, S.E. ve Kriner, D. (2020). Medical Misinformation in the COVID-19 Pandemic. SSRN, Erişim 10 Nisan 2021 https://cutt.ly/Dc4RvEP
Kricorian, K., Civen, R. & Equils, O. (2021). COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: Misinformation and perceptions of vaccine safety. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 1-18.
Larson, H.J., Jarrett, C., Echersberger, E., Smith, D.M. & Paterson, P. (2014). Understanding vaccine hesitancy around vaccines and vaccination from a global perspective: A Systematic review of published literature, 2007-2012. Vaccine, 32(19), 2150-2159.
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COVID-19 Aşısı ve Yalan Haber: Aşılanma Öncesinde Bireylerin Yalan Haber İçeriklerini Fark Etme, Takip Etme ve Teyit Etme Eğilimlerinin Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 35, 32 - 55, 30.12.2021

Yıldıray Kesgin , Derya Gül Ünlü

https://doi.org/10.16878/gsuilet.914875

Cited By: 4

Öz

COVID-19 aşılarının üretiminin tamamlanması ve aşılama sürecinin başlamasıyla birlikte, medyada doğru bilgi aktaran haber içerikleri kadar aşıların niteliği ve olası yan etkilerine ilişkin çok fazla gerçeği yansıtmayan ya da çarpıtan haber içeriği de hem geleneksel hem de dijital medyada dolaşıma girmiştir. Türkiye’de COVID-19 aşısının uygulanmaya başlanması süreci öncesinde gerçekleştirilen çalışmada, bireylerin aşı hakkındaki haber içeriklerine dair farkındalık düzeylerinin belirlenmesi ve söz konusu haberleri takip etme, teyit etme; ilgili haberlere güvenme, önem verme eğilimlerinin ortaya koyulması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, soru formu aracılığıyla betimsel yönteme dayalı bir alan araştırması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda ise, bireylerin medyadaki aşı haberlerini güvenilir ve yeterince bilgi verici bulmadıkları, sosyal medyada çok fazla yalan haber içeriği olduğunu düşündükleri, Sağlık Bakanı’nın aşıyla ilgili açıklamalarına önem vermekle birlikte aşıyla ilgili haberleri farklı kaynaklardan da karşılaştırarak takip ettikleri ve medyadaki aşı tartışmalarının COVID-19 aşısına ilişkin tutumlarını etkilemediğini belirttikleri ortaya koyulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

covid-19, covid-19 aşısı, covid-19 aşısı haberleri, dezenformasyon, yalan haber

Kaynakça

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Schwarzinger, M., Watson, V., Arwidson, P., Alla, F., & Luchini, S. (2021). COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in a representative working-age population in France: a survey experiment based on vaccine characteristics. The Lancet Public Health, 6(4), e210-e221.
Solmaz, B., Tekin, G., Herzem, Z. ve Demir, M. (2013). İnternet ve Sosyal Medya Kullanımı Üzerine Bir Uygulama. Selçuk İletişim Dergisi, 7(4), 23-32.
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T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı COVID-19 Bilgilendirme Sayfası Birincil vaka (saglik.gov.tr)
Tandoc, E.C., Lim, Z.W. ve Ling, R. (2018). Defining “Fake News”: A Typology of Scholarly Definitions. Digital Journalism, 6(2), 137-153.
Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TUIK), (2019). https://bit.ly/2W4wBJR
Türkay, M., Ay, E.G. ve Aytekin, M.R. (2017). Antalya İlinde Seçilmiş Bir Grupta Aşı Karşıtı Olma Durumu. Akdeniz Tıp Dergisi, 2, 107-112.
Usul, A.S. (2021). İlk CoronaVac aşısı Sağlık Bakanı Koca’ya yapıldı. Anadolu Ajansı, Erişim 18 Kasım 2021 https://bit.ly/3HxkcmT
Ülker, P. (2021). İnfodemi: Türkiye’de Yalan Haber Salgınında Artış. Deutsche Welle Türkiye, Erişim 5 Nisan 2021 https://cutt.ly/IcQ9Cid
Ünal, R. & Taylan, A. (2017). Sağlık iletişiminde yalan haber-yanlış enformasyon sorunu ve doğrulama platformları. Atatürk İletişim Dergisi Sağlık İletişimi Özel Sayısı, 14: 81-100.
Wang, N., Li, S. Y., Yang, X. L., Huang, H. M., Zhang, Y. J., Guo, H., Luo, C. M., Miller, M., Zhu, G., Chmura, A. A., Hagan, E., Zhou, J. H., Zhang, Y. Z., Wang, L. F., Daszak, P. ve Shi, Z. L. (2018). Serological Evidence of Bat SARS-Related Coronavirus Infection in Humans, China. Virologica Sinica, 33(1), 104–107.
Wardle, C. ve Derakshan, H. (2017). Information Disorder: Toward on Interdisciplinary Framework for Research and Policy Making. Council of Europe Report DGI(2017)09. Erişim 6 Nisan 2021 https://cutt.ly/yc4UtLm
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Yang, K. C., Torres-Lugo, C. ve Menczer, F. (2020) Prevalence of Low-Credibility Informaton on Twiter During the COVID-19 Outbreak. ArXiv E-prints. 2004–14484. Erişim 5 Nisan 2021 https://cutt.ly/ncWUOqW

Toplam 72 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	Türkçe
Bölüm	Makaleler
Yazarlar	Yıldıray Kesgin 0000-0001-6535-9151 Derya Gül Ünlü 0000-0003-3936-7988
Yayımlanma Tarihi	30 Aralık 2021
Kabul Tarihi	23 Aralık 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2021Sayı: 35

Kaynak Göster

APA	Kesgin, Y., & Gül Ünlü, D. (2021). COVID-19 Aşısı ve Yalan Haber: Aşılanma Öncesinde Bireylerin Yalan Haber İçeriklerini Fark Etme, Takip Etme ve Teyit Etme Eğilimlerinin Belirlenmesi. Galatasaray Üniversitesi İletişim Dergisi(35), 32-55. https://doi.org/10.16878/gsuilet.914875